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Biomedical subjects

D A Pearson

Publications and source records attributed to D A Pearson.

70 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Attending to spatial locations: a developmental study.

In 2 experiments, 7- and 8-year-old children and college students performed a letter-detection task in which reaction time was the dependent variable. Expectancy was manipulated by varying the probability the stimulus would appear at the center of an imaginary circle rather than along the perimeter. Although both age groups responded consistently faster to stimuli presented in expected locations than to stimuli presented in unexpected locations, this expectancy effect was larger for the children than it was for the college students. In a third experiment, these results were replicated using a luminance-detection task with 5-year-olds, 8-year-olds, and college students as subjects. It was concluded that children as well as adults are able to expand or contract the breadth of their attentional focus in accordance with task demands and that there is a developmental change in the efficiency with which a stimulus presented in an otherwise empty field can be located. Furthermore, it was suggested that children may be more disrupted by the occurrence of an unexpected event than adults are.

Attention↗
PubMed1978

A model for the coordination of international donor activities with national government health services.

This study is a descriptive analysis of an attempt to coordinate donor agency and government activities in the national leprosy control program of the Philippine Islands. A twofold strategy is employed to realize this purpose: (1) the evolution of the present coordinated program as recorded in both published and unpublished documents is described, and (2) an opinion survey of Philippine personnel active in the present leprosy control program is reported. The most significant finding, in terms of relating the Philippine experience to other areas of donor-recipient exchange, is the emergence of a model of coordinated effort where a donor agency's assistance to a foreign national government is transmitted through a third indigenous and intermediary organization. By advancing the interests of both donor and recipient organizations, this approach has the potential of promoting a successful coordination of activities which might not otherwise be attained.

Financing, Organized↗
PubMed1976

An emergency medical care facility: program characteristics and patient attributes.

The objectives of this research were: (1) to describe the programmatic structure and characteristics of an emergency medical care facility that is a satellite clinic of a community hospital; (2) to describe the types of illness treated, and (3) to characterize the patients who used the facility. One-half of the presenting patients were treated for traumatic conditions; a major factor of clinic use for such patients was proximity. For patients with nontraumatic illnesses, the clinic was used when private physicians were unavailable. Almost 20% of all presentations resulted from referrals, suggesting acceptance of the clinic by private practitioners in the area. Previous users had more tenuous relationships with private physicians than did initial users and no difference was found between initial and previous users in the amount of nontraumatic illness. Patient attributes of high mobility, lower socio-economic status, and younger age were associated positively with frequent clinic use.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Site-directed chemical modification and cross-linking of a monoclonal antibody using equilibrium transfer alkylating cross-link reagents.

A new, more reactive group of protein cross-linkers in the class of equilibrium transfer alkylating cross-link (ETAC) reagents has been synthesized. These compounds include alpha,alpha-bis[(p-chlorophenyl)methyl]- and alpha,alpha-bis[(p-tolylsulfonyl)methyl]acetophenones substituted in the acetophenone ring with chloro, nitro, amino, and carboxyl groups and derivatives. Included are an 125I-labeled ETAC reagent and a 111In-labeled DTPA (diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid) ETAC for site direction and biodistribution studies. These ETAC compounds were reacted with unreduced and partially reduced antibody under mild pH (pH 4-8) and room temperature conditions to give cross-linked structures. Examination of resultant cross-linked antibody via size-exclusion HPLC, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay revealed that (1) both interantibody as well as intraantibody cross-linking had occurred; (2) the level of inter- and intraantibody cross-linking varied with the substituent on the ETAC; (3) the stability of the cross-links on the reducing SDS gels varied with substituents on the ETAC; (4) little if any immunoreactivity was lost after reaction with one of the more effective ETAC cross-linking compounds; (5) the 125I-labeled ETAC sulfhydryl cross-linking in partially reduced antibody increased with pH whereas amine cross-linking with the unreduced antibody decreased with pH; (6) the optimum pH for sulfhydryl site direction was pH 5.0; (7) the 111In DTPA ETAC labeled antibody had a biodistribution in CD1 mice similar to that of the 111In bis cyclic anhydride DTPA labeled antibody.

Acetophenones↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Elements of progressive patient care in the Yale Health Plan HMO.

The results of a study of the use of intermediate care beds in the intermediate care facility (ICF) of the Yale Health Plan, a prepaid group practice plan for students and an enrolled non-student population, indicate that the ICF may be a possible model for other health maintenance organizations. The ICF, with 30 beds in active use, is located in the Yale health center. Approximately one-third of the ICF patients would have been admitted to the affiliated short-term general hospital if the ICF did not exist. The plan's medical staff also has the option of transferring patients between the affiliated hospital and the ICF, depending on which institution is most appropriate for the patient's needs. A comparison of the levels of care provided in the ICF with those presented in selected articles from the progressive patient care literature revealed that the ICF is not only providing intermediate care but several other classic elements of progressive patient care -self care, continuing care, minimal care, and partial care.

Connecticut↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Characteristics of Connecticut patients receiving services for end-stage uremia.

Data are presented on the characteristics of all patients with end-stage uremia who were treated in Connecticut hemodialysis programs over a 7-year period. Of the total of 353 patients, 103 patients died, 37 had successful transplants and discontinued dialysis, no information was available for one patient, and the remaining 212 patients continued to receive treatment in 1 of the 12 hemodialysis programs. The mean age of active chronic hemodialysis patients was 43.6 years; about 83 percent of all active patients were under age 55. Twenty-two percent were nonwhite; the nonwhite caseload appeared high in relation to the percent of nonwhite population. Of the 212 active patients, 78 percent were dialyzed at in-center programs and 22 percent at home; one patient obtained dialysis from a new limited-care program. The largest group (28 percent) of active patients had been in dialysis less than 7 months, about one-fourth had been dialyzing for 7-12 months, and about 13 percent of the total active population had been in dialysis between 19 and 24 months. The average period for active patients to be in dialysis was 17 months. The advent of Federal reimbursement for hemodialysis, as well as changes in the criteria for the selection of patients and increased physician awareness, can result in significant increases in the future population of patients receiving dialysis. To prevent overburdening of existing in center programs, expansion of training facilities statewide for home care dialysis is suggested.

Adolescent↗