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Biomedical subjects

D A Payne

Publications and source records attributed to D A Payne.

33 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Multivariate analyses of cognitive and cognitive style variables based on hemisphere specialization theory predictive of success in a college developmental studies program.

Right and left cerebral hemisphere and limbic scores derived from the Herrmann Brain Dominance Profile, Scholastic Aptitude Test Verbal and Mathematics scores, and High School Grade Point Average were correlated with grades in college developmental courses in reading, English, and mathematics for 146 students. Pearson correlations ranged from -.27 to .42. Multiple correlations with seven predictors ranged from .45 to .55, and from .14 to .37 for the profile scores alone. Discriminant analyses yielded hit-rates (predictive of classification of success and failure/actual classification) of 69%/72% in Reading, 76%/75% in English, and 66%/71% in Mathematics.

Achievement↗
PubMed1988

An instructional module concerning oral implantology: II. Development and implementation.

This paper represents the second of a series of papers documenting the design/development process of an individualized instructional module concerning oral implantology. This module was specifically designed for predoctoral dental students. The first paper discussed the rationale for the module and the initial field testing of the preliminary module. This paper examines the design and development of the oral implantology instructional module given to second and third year predoctoral dental students at the Medical College of Georgia School of Dentistry.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Dental Implantation↗
PubMed1986

Interrelationships among three measures of preference for cognitive style based on hemisphere specialization theory.

Right and left cerebral hemisphere and limbic scores derived from the Herrmann Brain Dominance Profile were correlated with left, right, and integrated scores from the Torrance-Reynolds Your Style of Learning and Thinking and four cognitive style scores from the Kolb Learning Style Inventory. Coefficients from 40 students in occupational therapy indicated low moderate positive relationships between like-named hemisphere scores, lack of significant relationships between cognitive style and two independent measures of hemispheric preference, and relative independence of preferred hemisphere mode as well as relative independence between cerebral and limbic systems. The data are interpreted as requiring cautious concern about the validity of these measures by potential users.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Inhibitors present in blood do not inhibit PCR from buccal cell preparations: case report.

BACKGROUND: Hemochromatosis is a common disease that is characterized by high ferritin levels and/or high iron saturation and mutations in two alleles. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) is often performed on DNA extracted from blood since blood yields high concentrations of DNA. However, inhibitors can cause PCR failure in DNA extracted from blood thus preventing a molecular diagnosis. RESULTS: This report describes a case where multiple blood draws resulted in unamplifiable DNA. Subsequently, a buccal cell sample was collected and extracted. DNA extracted from the buccal cells yielded amplifiable DNA in contrast to DNA extracted from the patient's blood. In addition, the patient was identified as having a homozygous mutation for one allele of the hemochromatosis gene. CONCLUSION: These results suggests that a buccal cell DNA extraction may be useful in cases where blood samples contain inhibitory substances for PCR.

Blood Proteins↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Detection of HCV in bile duct epithelium by laser capture microdissection (LCM).

Chronic hepatitis C affects 0.3 to 1.5% of the general population worldwide. The estimated total number of newly acquired hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections is 28,000 in the USA, with 10,000 deaths each year resulting from HCV-associated chronic liver disease. Histological examination of liver tissue from chronic HCV infection shows lymphoid aggregates or follicles in the portal triads, focal fatty change and lobular inflammation. Hepatitis-associated bile duct lesion (HBL) is seen in 5 - 91% of the cases. While the morphological spectrum of HBL has been well described, its pathogenesis in hepatitis C is not known. To this date, evidence supports both the direct injury and immune-mediated mechanisms, but to what extent these mechanisms are involved in the pathogenesis of HBL in chronic hepatitis C remains unclear. Our study showed the presence of HCV in the bile duct epithelium of patients with chronic hepatitis C infection, using the laser capture microdissection technique. These results will enhance our diagnostic capabilities and treatment of chronic hepatitis C infection.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Failure of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect human papilloma virus (HPV) in transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder.

In contrast to cervical and penile carcinoma, in situ hybridization techniques have not been able to demonstrate an association of HPV with transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the bladder. The introduction of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the mid 1980s has significantly increased the ability to detect small quantities of viral DNA over conventional methods. Thus, we designed a study to determine if the PCR technique was able to demonstrate the presence of HPV DNA in TCC specimens. The study involved both consensus primers directed toward the E1 and L1 open reading frames of the HPV viral DNA, specific for HPV 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33. Thirty-three TCC specimens were studied (Fresh: 8, paraffin embedded: 25). Seven were Grade I, nine Grade II, seventeen Grade III; thirteen were superficial (Stages 0 and A) and twenty were invasive or metastatic (Stages B or Higher). None of the patients had known evidence of clinical HPV infection. In each experiment, the CaSki cell line was used for a positive control. In addition, the results of the PCR reactions were confirmed by Southern blot hybridization. Neither the PCR by direct ethidium bromide viewing, nor the Southern blot technique detected HPV DNA in any of the TCC specimens. This was in contrast to our controls, which were positive by both techniques. Although it is possible that there is a link between HPV and TCC, our results suggest that there is no such association among the HPV types tested.

Blotting, Southern↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Extrachromosomal human papillomavirus (HPV) in multiple myeloma and monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance (MGUS) patients.

There are over 75 different types of human papillomavirus (HPV). Certain types have a strong association with cervical dysplasias. We have previously identified HPV in a chronic benign plasma cell tumor of the cervix, multiple myelomas and monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance (MGUS). Since HPV is believed to replicate only in differentiated keratinocytes, we examined these tissues to identify any possible replicative forms. We used genomic Southern analysis and PCR to determine the physical state of the virus. We identified episomal forms in both the malignant and premalignant stages of B cell diseases. These data provide definitive proof of episomal HPV sequences in lymphoid tissues and question the current dogma that HPV is permissive only in terminally differentiated squamous cells.

Blotting, Southern↗