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Biomedical subjects

D A Nash

Publications and source records attributed to D A Nash.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Academic and disciplinary dismissal in dental education: the legal basis.

The courts have traditionally granted universities absolute discretion in determining whether a student has met the academic requirements of the institution and have not interfered in dismissals unless there was a clear indication that the action was arbitrary, capricious, or in bad faith. Recent court cases are cited that indicate that the courts are now beginning to require that students be informed of academic (including clinical) deficiencies and be provided the opportunity to correct the problem. When the dismissal is for disciplinary rather than academic reasons, more procedural due process is required. Although a formal judicial hearing is unnecessary, the dental administrator should be given an opportunity to hear both sides of the issue in considerable detail and the student should be given the essential elements of procedural due process of law.

Behavior↗
PubMed1978

Hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism--case report and observation of dissociated renin and erythropoietin activity.

A case is reported of hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism, diagnosed during an evaluation of hyperkalemia. Urine and plasma aldosterone concentrations were depressed despite hyperkalemia and were not responsive to ACTH, cosyntropin, and angiotensin 2. Adrenal glucocorticoid function was normal. Plasma renin activity also was low, and was hyporesponsive to stimulation, including intravascular volume contraction and potassium depletion. Autonomic nervous function was intact. Of the 32 previously reported cases of selective hypoaldosteronism, plasma renin activity was low in the majority of cases in which it was measured. A classification of the types of selective hypoaldosteronism is presented. It is of interest that the serum erythropoietin activity in this case was increased while plasma renin activity was markedly depressed.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Hypertension in polycystic kidney disease without renal failure.

Hypertension occurring in patients with adult polycystic kidney disease (PKD) without substantially decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFRs) has not been sufficiently evaluated. Seven patients with bilateral PKD and serum creatinine clearances greater than 70 ml/min were studied to examine the roles of sodium retention and the renin-angiotensin system in their hypertension. These individuals demonstrated evidence of volume expansion and sodium-dependent hypertension. However, the renin-angiotensin system was not consistently depressed as a consequence, and two of the seven had significantly increased plasma renin activity values. It seems that patients with PKD who had normal GFRs retain rather than waste sodium and may become hypertensive. The contribution of the renin-angiotensin system is variable and seems to be a function of such factors as symmetry of the cystic involvement and the degree of intravascular volume expansion.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Diabetic glomerulosclerosis without glucose intolerance.

The pathophysiology of the microangiopathy of diabetes mellitus is poorly understood, and the relevance of carbohydrate intolerance remains uncertain. Four patients are presented with renal abnormalities suggestive of diffuse diabetic glomeruloscierosis. These patients have no evidence of carbohydrate intolerance by standard clinical technics. A familial incidence of diabetes mellitus and delayed insulin response to an oral glucose load support a classification of prediabetes or suspected diabetes mellitus for these patients. Early intercapillary nodule formation was seen in only two of the four patients. In the absence of this infrequent pathognomonic finding, an alternate approach to the diagnosis of diabetic glomerulosclerosis is suggested. Diffuse glomerular capillary basement membrane thickening, consistently present with diabetic glomerulosclerosis, is demonstrated by measurements utilizing the latex microsphere technic. The mean glomerular capillary basement membrane thickness of these patients was 4,403 A, compared with the control value of 3.098 A (P less than 0.001). Other pathologic findings suggestive of diabetic nephropathy include efferent arteriolosclerosis and linear immunofluorescence without electron dense deposits or inflammation. Skeletal muscle capillary basement membranes of all four patients also demonstrated significant thickening. The mean value for the patients was 1,510 A, as compared with a control value of 961 A (P less than 0.001). The importance of this muscle capillary basement membrane thickening to the diagnosis of diabetic microangiopathy is discussed. The pathologic alterations in the renal biopsy specimens and the demonstration of muscle capillary basement membrane thickening strongly suggest that diabetic glomerulosclerosis may occur in the absence of overt clinical carbohydrate intolerance.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Reinforced practice of children's cooperative behavior during restorative dental treatment.

A reinforced practice procedure was employed to teach cooperative behaviors to two 36-month-old children undergoing restorative dental treatment. The children were rewarded with temporary escape, praise, and stickers for practicing the use of cooperative behavior in the presence of the sights, sounds, and some of the sensations of the dental instruments, before the actual dental treatment. Observations of four classes of disruptive behavior during treatment indicated that baseline levels of disruptive behavior, typically greater than 95 percent, were reduced by more than 70 percent, following several practice visits. These changes were acceptable to the dentist--and to his assistant, who rated the children as more cooperative and less anxious.

Anxiety↗