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Biomedical subjects

D A Hicks

Publications and source records attributed to D A Hicks.

33 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Ligation of the patent ductus arteriosus in newborn respiratory failure.

Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is commonly associated with respiratory disease in newborn infants and may require ligation. Surgical ligation of the PDA can be done in small infants with low operative risk and minimal complications. The outcome of patients after ligation depends primarily on the severity of the underlying pulmonary disease. One hundred fifty-one patients have undergone ligation in an eight-year period at this center. A simplified technique performed in the neonatal intensive care unit with the use of local anesthesia and conventional ventilator management is described.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1985

Long-term follow-up of infants and children treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO): a preliminary report.

Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) has been used clinically as a life-saving treatment modality in infants and children who are dying of respiratory insufficiency. From 1973 to 1980 47 children less than 10 years of age were treated in a study to determine the feasibility and effectiveness of ECMO in the pediatric population. Despite a predicted mortality of 90% or greater, 24 patients survived. Eighteen of those patients have been seen in long-term follow-up. Thirteen patients (72%) demonstrate basically normal growth and development. Five patients (28%) have definite handicaps which are severe in two. Despite ligation of one common carotid artery and systemic heparinization, the risk of intracranial hemorrhage and/or neurodevelopmental problems appears to be no higher in this ECMO group and may even be lower than in the high-risk population treated with conventional therapy. The incidence of chronic respiratory problems, especially bronchopulmonary dysplasia, is zero in this group of patients. Only one patient (4%) has a defect that lateralizes to the right hemisphere which may have been affected by ligation of the carotid artery. Further study is required; however, it appears that ECMO offers life-saving intervention without increasing morbidity in select children with severe respiratory insufficiency.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Rectal spirochaetosis.

We report four cases of rectal spirochaetosis, one in an active male homosexual. One of the heterosexual patients was referred to the genitourinary clinic by a general surgeon after spirochaetes had been found on histopathological examination of a rectal biopsy specimen. We doubt that most of our cases represent sexual transmission of spirochaetosis, or that the condition causes disease in most people. Rectal spirochaetosis possibly occurs only when the normal flora of the gut are disturbed for other reasons. Most of our patients became asymptomatic after nonspecific treatment, although metronidazole appears to be specific.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

"Attitudes" toward the elderly: a comparison of measures.

College students were presented five questionnaires traditionally used to assess attitudes toward old people. The intercorrelations among the measures were low, accounting for no more than 24% of the variance between any two measures. The results suggest that the measures are not equivalent; it was argued that the practice of utilizing a single instrument to measure attitudes toward the elderly may contribute to inconsistencies reported in the literature.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of the influence of spermicidal and non-spermicidal contraception on bacterial vaginosis, candidal infection and inflammation of the vagina--a preliminary study.

This preliminary study compared the signs, symptoms and prevalence of bacterial vaginosis (BV) and candidal infections in women using spermicides, with those using other forms of contraception, to establish whether nonoxynol-9 had any therapeutic value against BV or gave rise to vaginal candidiasis and inflammation. Overall results showed that the prevalence of BV in non-spermicide users was 35/113 (31%) but was significantly less in spermicide users, 10/66 (15%), P < 0.05. Nonoxynol-9 was not associated with increased isolation of Candida albicans, which was found in 16/113 (14%) of non-spermicide users, and in 8/66 (12%) of those using spermicides, P > 0.1. Vaginal inflammation and discharge were significantly less in spermicide users, 19/66 (29%) than in the non-spermicide group, 50/113 (44%), P < 0.05. Nonoxynol-9 contraception was associated with a significantly reduced prevalence of BV, but not with increased candidiasis or vaginal inflammation.

Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Colposcopy services provided by Genito-Urinary Medicine clinics in the United Kingdom--British Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology/National Co-ordinating Network Survey, 1993.

Postal questionnaires were circulated to all Genito-Urinary Medicine (GUM) clinics in the UK (in parallel with questionnaires circulated to gynaecologists) on behalf of British Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology (BSCCP) and National Co-ordinating Network (NCN) to audit colposcopy services. Information was sought on colposcopy workload, referral criteria, treatment method and followup, waiting times, staffing and training. A similar but less comprehensive survey of colposcopy services in GUM was undertaken in 1990 enabling direct comparison of some but not all aspects of the service in the last 3 to 4 years. One hundred and forty-two GUM Clinics replied. Of those who replied, 70 (49.3%) clinics provided a colposcopy service; an increase from 60 to 70 clinics since 1990. However, only 66 clinics provided detailed information for analysis. Forty-six out of 66 (69.7%) clinics performed treatment for some or all of their patients and the most frequent methods of treatment used were loop excision and cold coagulation. One hundred and seventy-two (range 8-1982) patients were seen per annum with a mean of 7 (range 1-68) colposcopy sessions per month. Sixty-four per cent of these sessions were undertaken by consultants, 14% by training grades and the rest by Clinical Assistants and Associate Specialists. Fifty-three per cent of all patients with abnormal smears were colposcoped within 2 weeks and the maximum waiting period was less than 8 weeks for all severe dyskaryosis/malignant cells cytology reports; 1.6% of clinics admitted to having cases of invasive cervical cancer following previous treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and 96% of clinics had a protocol in place for defaulters. The default rate was 12% both for new and follow-up patients. Thirty out of 70 (43%) clinics were computerized and 50/66 (75.8%) of clinics collected accurate statistics.

Colposcopy↗