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Biomedical subjects

D A Ellis

Publications and source records attributed to D A Ellis.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Pre- and postoperative management of the rhinoplasty patient.

The role of the otolaryngologist has widened to include facial cosmetic surgery. As such it encompasses all aspects of age-diminishing surgery as well as facial contour augmentation, surgical and traumatic scar camouflage, and otoplasty as well as rhinoplasty. It necessarily follows that the rhinoplasty surgeon must view the total face rather than the nose in isolation. A complete understanding of the indications and contra-indications of rhinoplasty is necessary for adequate pre- and postoperative assessment of the patient. These ideas are developed and the analysis of the nasal pathology is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Incorporation of [U-14C]glucose into neutral lipids and sn-glycerol-3-phosphate in muscle from Duchenne muscular dystrophy and control patients.

Muscle biopsy tissue from patients suffering from a wide range of neuromuscular disorders, normal muscle removed during regular orthopaedic procedures, and muscle from aborted human fetuses of 12--20 weeks gestation was dissected into fibre-bundles and incubated at 37 degrees C with [U-14C]glucose at a final concentration of 4 mM. Extracts made: (i) after 30 min were used to determine content and radioactivity of sn-glycerol-3-phosphate, and (ii) after 160 min for separation of lipid species. Dystrophic muscle from 8 patients with typical Duchenne dystrophy converted significantly more glucose than normal muscle (11 samples) into neutral lipids, but less into polar lipids. Of total lipid radioactivity a mean value of 66% was found in neutral lipid in the Duchenne group, while in various control groups this proportion was about 40%. The disparity observed was the result of greater incorporation of glucose label into triglycerides, chiefly in the glycerol moiety of the Duchenne group lipids, and was some 3 times greater than normal. Other muscle disease groups also showed slightly raised levels of incorporation but these were not statistically significant in the present series of results. The content and radioactivity of glycerol phosphate in muscle from 15 patients with Duchenne dystrophy were also significantly higher than in normal muscle. These findings are discussed in relation to glucose metabolism in muscle and the energy cost of transforming glucose into triglyceride.

Child↗
PubMed1976

Immunologic mechanisms in the pathogenesis of virus-induced murine leukemia. III. Target cell specificity of autoreactive thymocytes.

Thymocytes from preleukemic mice persistently infected with Moloney murine leukemia virus (MuLV-M-carriers) were vigorously autoaggressive toward normal syngeneic target cells; they exhibited a graded response to allogeneic cells, but they spared xenogeneic cells or syngeneic cells infected with MuLV-M or MuLV-G (Gross). Syngeneic target cells infected with nononcogenic lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV), or transformed by the chemical carcinogen 3-methylcholanthrene were not similarly spared. This phenomenon, apparently induced by MuLV-M, is not associated with all persistent virus carrier states. Thymocytes from mice persistently infected with LCMV or with the lactic dehydrogenase virus (LDHV) failed to demonstrate an autoaggressive behavior. That transplantable lymphoma cells (derived from MuLV-M-carriers) were autoreactive in a pattern similar to thymocytes from preleukemic mice suggests a unique role for MuLV in the events leading from altered recognition of "self" to lymphoma.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Complication and correction of the pierced ear.

This paper emphasizes three major complications that are corrected by techniques of soft tissue surgery. These are: (1) keloid formation; (2) bifid earlobe; (3) recurrent itching and weeping. Other complications are also mentioned.

Beauty Culture↗
PubMed1975

The buoyant titration of native and carbamylated bovine serum mercaptalbumin.

The buoyant density titration curves of native and carbamylated bovine serum mercaptalbumin were measured throughout the pH range 5.3-12.7. Large increments in the buoyant density were observed above pH 10, with inflection pH values of 11.2 and 11.4 for native and carbamylated bovine serum mercaptalbumin, respectively. For the modified protein in which 25 out of 58 lysine residues were carbamylated, the buoyant densities were 0.048 g/ml higher at neutral pH and 0.024 g/ml higher at the extrapolated pH 13. The carbamyl groups apparently produce a larger residual density at pH 13 than they did in the case of ovalbumin. Homopolymer buoyant density titration data were demonstrated to be of value in calculating the contributions of titratable residues to the buoyant density of both proteins. The buoyant density increment at high pH was due largely to the deprotonation of the lysines as indicated by the diminished change in buoyant density between pH 10 and 12.7 for the modified protein. These density changes were attributable primarily to a gain of cesium ions. The limited modification of the lysine residues under mild reaction conditions and the rather high intrinsic dissociation constant of tyrosine residues in mercaptalbumin may indicate a preferential modification of easily accessible lysine residues. Phenolic deprotonation is facilitated by the neutralization of normally charged lysine residues and demonstrates ionic interactions between internal lysines and certain carboxyl and tyrosine residues thereby stabilizing the native state of the protein.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1975

Activation of C-type viruses during skin graft rejection in the mouse. Interrelationships between immunostimulation and immunosuppression.

Both mouse-tropic and zenotropic C-type RNA viruses were activated in BALB/c mice during rejection reactions against skin grafts from mice differing at the major histocompatibility locus (A/J) or sharing this locus (DBA/2). Animals that maintained their skin grafts following immunosuppression with antilymphocyte serum (ALS) or cyclophosphamide had a much higher incidence of virus-positivity than animals that did not receive ALS or cyclophosphamide, or that rejected their skin grafts despite immunosuppressive therapy. ALS itself activated type-C viruses from a small proportion of BALB/c mice whereas cyclophoshamide alone did not. Type C viruses were detected in spleens and regional nodes draining skin-graft sites between 1 and 2 weeks following transplantation; thereafter they reached maximum titers in spleens. Viruses were not detected at skin-graft sites, in tails or in thymuses of grafted animals. Virus activation was associated with splenic histological changes consisting of germinal center formation, diffuse hyperplasia of reticulum cells, depletion of periarteriolar lymphocytes and hyperplasia of red pulp hematopoietic elements.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Autoaggressive reactions and leukemia virus infections: interrelated events in their pathogenesis.

Leukemia viruses can be activated from within murine hosts by immunological reactions against foreign histocompatibility antigens both during graft versus host reactions (GVHR) and host versus graft reactions (HVGR). Presence of both lymphocyte-mediated graft rejection reactions and immuno suppression appears necessary for maximal virus activation and replication in vitro, although viruses can be activated by mixed lymphocyte reactions (MLR) alone in vitro. During HVGR, viruses are first detectable in lymph nodes draining the graft site, and later reach maximal titers in the spleen. Mice infected with murine leukemia virus (MuLV) as neonates or carrying MuLV secondary to milk transmission (carriers) also develop complex autoaggressive responses. By a sensitive in vitro microcytotoxicity assay, neoplastic or pre-neoplastic thymocytes from carrier mice were found to react vigorously against normal uninfected syngeneic embryonic fibroblasts, whereas they reacted much less vigorously with similarly prepared but MuLV-infected fibroblasts. Thymocytes from uninfected animals did not react with infected or uninfected fibroblasts. Peripheral lymphocytes from carriers reacted against MuLV infected fibroblasts, but not against uninfected fibroblasts, a pattern indistinguishable from deliberately-immunized mice. It is proposed that responses analogous to GVHR are also important in the pathogenesis of leukemia following exogenous leukemia virus infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1973

Leukemia virus activation during homograft rejection.

Activation of murine leukemia viruses, as detected by the mixed culture cytopathogenicity (XC) assay, followed the transplantation of A/J skin onto immunosuppressed BALB/c mice. Virus was found in most of the mice receiving both skin grafts and antilymphocyte serum, but not in animals receiving either the serum alone, skin graft alone, or no treatment.

Animals↗