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Biomedical subjects

D A Dreiling

Publications and source records attributed to D A Dreiling.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Pancreatic intraductal pressure: I. A consideration of regulatory factors.

Evaluation of pancreatic duct pressure may be a pathogenetic mechanism in the development of acute pancreatitis. In this investigation the effect of bilateral cervical vagisection as well as the introduction of alcohol into the stomach and duodenum on pancreatic pressures in the main duct were studied in the dog. Bilateral vagisection resulted in decrease in pancreatic duct pressure. Intragastric alcohol elevated and intraduodenal alcohol depressed pancreatic ductal pressures before but had no effect after vagisection. These studies suggest regulation of pancreatic duct pressures by short as well as long nerve reflexes.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Pancreatic intraductal pressure: II. Effects of autonomic denervation.

The effects of autonomic denervation, local anaesthesia, and electrical stimulation on pancreatic intraductal pressure were studied in a group of dogs. Pressure studies were performed via a catheter placed in the distal pancreatic duct and by a transsphincteric route. Periampullary application of lidocain produced a decrease in the distal pancreatic duct pressure. Bilateral vagal section resulted in a significant pressure decrease while celiac ganglion plexus denervation produced additional pressure decreases. Electrical stimulation of the ampullary region resulted in a significant pressure increase. With transsphincteric pressure studies, bilateral vagotomy did not produce a significant pressure change, while celiac plexus denervation and pancreatic duct perfusion with lidocainin resulted in a moderate decrease in pressure. Electrical stimulation of the completely denervated perampullary region resulted in a significant pressure increase. These results suggest that the autonomic nervous system may affect the pancreatic ductal pressure, via its action on the sphincter mechanism of the main papilla, as well as on the ductal system. Local duodenopancreatic reflexes may play an additional role in controlling pancreatic duct pressure.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Polycytidylate hydrolysing ribonuclease variants of human pancreas.

Human pancreatic ribonuclease (RNase) comprises three variants with isoelectric points at pH 4.8, pH 9.3 and pH 9.7. These variants are not artifacts of the purification procedure, since they can be demonstrated in crude pancreatic extracts obtained with mild procedures (4). Although these RNase variants differ in their isoelectric points, they are similar in all the other properties so far studied. With polycytidylic acid as a substrate, their activities are optimal in 0.05M sodium phosphate buffer at pH 6.5. Of the several buffers tested, sodium phosphate buffer yielded maximal enzyme activity, but the concentration of phosphate is highly critical. Borate concentrations of 0.05M and 0.1 M respectively brought about 25% and 50% reductions in enzyme activity. Presence of phosphate in the reaction mixture obviates to a great extent the borate inhibition. These RNase variants are highly specific for the secondary phosphate esters of cytidine 3'-phosphate. They have no measurable activity on polyadenylic and polyguanylic acids and their activity on polyuridylic acid is less than 2% of that on polycytidylic acid. These RNase variants could serve as distinctive biochemical markers for the pancreas.

Borates↗
PubMed1982

Effects of parathyroidectomy and hemigastrectomy on exocrine pancreatic secretion on dogs.

The effects of parathyroidectomy on secretory functions of the pancreas were studied in a group of dogs with previous hemigastrectomy. Free flow of pancreatic juice was obtained by direct cannulation of the main pancreatic duct. A gastric fistula prevented the entry of gastric acid into the duodenum. Parathyroidectomy caused a significant decrease in the secretin-induced volume and bicarbonate secretion. Pentagastrin administration produced a slight increase in volume and bicarbonate secretion which remained below preparathyroidectomy levels. These results were not dependent on calcium blood levels and did not change after calcium administration to the hypocalcemic-parathyroidectomy dog. It is suggested that parathyroid hormone effect on pancreatic secretion is not mediated via gastrin but due at least in part to direct action on the parenchyma.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Sclerosing cholangitis of the bifurcation of the common hepatic duct.

Primary sclerosing cholangitis localized in a segment of the extrahepatic biliary tree is extremely rare. This article describes the case of a 23-year old male who had obstructive jaundice and was found to have primary sclerosing cholangitis of the bifurcation of the common hepatic duct. The lesion was successfully resected.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Alcohol and the pancreas. I. Clinical associations and histopathology of minimal pancreatic inflammation.

Fat accumulation within pancreatic acinar cells was observed by examination in patients consuming more than 30 gm./day of ethanol. Ultrastructural changes within the cell are described in these alcoholics without clinical pancreatitis, changes which are similar to those seen in the hepatocytes of alcoholics. The mechanisms which induce these ultrastructural changes and accumulation of fat in the pancreatic acinar cell are not apparent at present. A toxic metabolic mechanism is an attractive hypothesis for these effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Alcohol and the pancreas. II. Pancreatic morphology of advanced alcoholic pancreatitis.

The histopathology of advanced chronic alcoholic pancreatitis is dominated by cellular degeneration, atrophy and fibrosis. Sequential changes in the histopathology of alcoholic pancreatic disease has been defined and traced from initial injury to end-stage disease. These sequential histopathologies have been correlated with clinical syndrome and secretory patterns. The data are more consistent with a toxic-metabolic pathogenesis of alcoholic pancreatitis than the previous Big Duct and Small Duct hypotheses.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Surgical management of insulinoma.

Three patients with insulinoma have been presented. Accurate diagnosis, localization and multiplicity are possible employing angiography, sonography, CAT and insulin concentration determinations of specimens obtained by percutaneous, transhepatic simultaneous sampling of the portal, splenic and superior mesenteric veins. Meticulous exploration of the gland will permit enucleation rather than major resection to be a feasible solution and the operation of choice.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗
PubMed1979

Effect of gastrin on the exocrine pancreas. A review.

Studies in animals demonstrate a gastric hormonal phase of pancreatic exocrine secretion. Endogenous or exogenous gastrin causes a marked elevation in the pancreatic enzymes and a lesser increase in the pancreatic volume and bicarbonate. It is possible that these "gastrin" effects may be the basis of a "cephalic" phase of pancreatic secretion. These observations have been only partially confirmed in human subjects with and without the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. The physiologic importance of these ecbolic actions as well as a possible trophic effect remains to be elucidated.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

The sphincter of Oddi, sphincterotomy and biliopancreatic disease.

The physiology and pathophysiology of the sphincter of Oddi are poorly understood. The relationships of functional disorders of the sphincter to biliary and pancreatic disease and of organic lesions of the papilla to pancreatic inflammatory disease are subjudice to say the least. The efficacy of sphincter section in the treatment of chronic pancreatitis is unproved. Section of the sphincter may be necessary to treat biliary tract pathology but its use should not be routine or indiscriminative since, there is morbidity as well as mortality. Finally, the price of sphincterotomy is: 1. hemorrhage; 2. duodenal perforation; 3. pancreatic duct damage--a. acute pancreatitis; b. chronic pancreatitis; 4. sphincter incompetence--a. common duct regurgitation--cholangitis; b. pancreatic duct regurgitation--pancreatitis; 5. sphincter stenosis--obstructive jaundice; 6. stasis cholecystitis; 7. diarrhea; 8. morbidity 10%; 9. mortality 1.9%.

Ampulla of Vater↗