Biomedical subjects

D A Bennett

Publications and source records attributed to D A Bennett.

130 records · Page 8Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Socioeconomic characteristics of the community in childhood and cognition in old age.

We examined the relation of early life socioeconomic circumstances to cognition in older residents of a biracial urban community. Participants had brief cognitive testing three times at approximately 3-year intervals. At baseline, information about early life household and county socioeconomic level was collected. In mixed-effects models adjusted for age, sex, race, and education, both early life household and county socioeconomic levels were positively associated with baseline level of cognition but unrelated to cognitive decline. The results suggest that socioeconomic conditions in early life are associated with level of cognitive function in old age but not with rate of cognitive decline.

Black or African American↗

PubMedDate not supplied

White matter changes: neurobehavioral manifestations of Binswanger's disease and clinical correlates in Alzheimer's disease.

Although white matter lesions (WMLs) are among the most common structural neuroimaging changes found on computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of older persons with dementia, their presence should not be misconstrued as proof that vascular disease is causing or contributing to the dementia. We report the results of several studies examining the neurobehavioral manifestations of persons meeting explicit operational criteria for Binswanger's disease (BD) and the clinical correlates of white matter changes in persons with autopsy-proven Alzheimer's disease (AD). The findings suggest that relative to persons with AD of comparable dementia severity, persons with BD have less profound impairments in episodic memory, more depressive symptomatology and a more variable rate of cognitive decline; among persons with AD, some WMLs are associated with incontinence and gait disturbance, but they do not appear to contribute to dementia severity.

Alzheimer Disease↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Diabetes mellitus, dementia, and cognitive function in older persons.

Dementia and cognitive decline are among the most common and most feared conditions of old age making the identification of modifiable risk factors for dementia an urgent public health priority. Recently, an increasing body of data suggests that type 2 diabetes mellitus, a common condition in older persons, is associated with the development of dementia and cognitive decline. A systematic review of the medical literature of the past 15 years identified 40 original-report articles in the English language pertaining to the relation of diabetes to dementia and cognitive function in older persons. Most, but not all, of these studies suggest a detrimental effect of diabetes on cognitive function. Current research efforts are aimed at understanding the underlying neurobiologic mechanisms whereby diabetes causes dementia and cognitive impairment in order to develop rational interventions to prevent this recently documented adverse consequence.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Multiresidue method for analysis of pesticides in liquid whole milk.

A multiresidue method to analyze liquid whole milk for 59 compounds was developed. The method involves a single extraction and cleanup strategy for many classes of compounds--organophosphorus compounds (OPs), organochlorine compounds (OCs), N-methylcarbamates (MCs), etc. Initial extraction is performed with ethanol-ethyl acetate as solvent and sodium sulfate as drying agent. A portion of the extract is concentrated to an oily consistency, and target analytes are partitioned into acetonitrile. Further cleanup is achieved by sequential solid-phase extractions--octadecyl (C18)-bonded silica cartridges followed by aminopropyl (NH2)-bonded silica cartridges. The solvent is exchanged to acetone for analysis by gas chromatography (GC) with electrolytic conductivity, flame photometric (FPD) or mass spectrometric (MS) detection and to methanol for analysis by liquid chromatography with postcolumn derivatization. Typical limits of detection (LODs; peak-to-peak signal-to-noise ratio > or = 3) were 0.3 ppb for OPs, 0.9 ppb for OCs and MCs, and 9 ppb for mass-selective detection. From the level of quantitation (LOQ = 3.33 x LOD) to 10 x LOQ, linear instrument response was observed for all detectors except the FPD which required a second-order calibration curve. Average recoveries for spikes at the LOQ ranged from 69 to 127% with standard deviations of about 10%. Similar accuracy and precision were observed for fortifications at 5 x LOQ and 10 x LOQ. The method was used to analyze 20 milk samples from various liquid milk processing plants. Incurred residues were confirmed by high-resolution GC/MS and GC/MS/MS.

Antioxidants↗