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Biomedical subjects

D A Baker

Publications and source records attributed to D A Baker.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Triangular-shaped radiolucent area between roots of the mandibular right canine and first premolar.

The squamous odontogenic tumor is a rare odontogenic neoplasm occurring primarily in the anterior maxilla and posterior mandible. The clinical presentation is that of tooth mobility with a semicircular or triangular, well-defined radiolucent area. Histologic features include dense fibrous connective stroma with scattered islands of bland epithelium exhibiting no ameloblastomatous features. Conservative surgical treatment in most cases is sufficient; however, lesions in the maxilla may require more extensive surgical procedures to ensure resolution.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Use of male and female professional patient teams in teaching physical examination of the genitalia.

The use of the gynecologic teaching associate, or professional patient, for teaching pelvic examination to medical students is well established in the United States. The genitorectal examination of the man, however, has received scant attention. Most U.S. medical schools continue to use either male medical students or real patients for this part of the physical diagnosis course. We offer a course that uses male and female professional patient teams. All the students rated the course highly. Male students appreciated the teaching of the examination on women more than did their female colleagues. Female students rated the male patients higher than the female patients in all the categories. The female students found the male patients to be more helpful in discussing their anxieties than did the male students. Examination of the female pelvis and the genitorectal examination of the male may be threatening to both student and patient. The use of male and female professional patient teams built confidence in the examination technique and alleviated student anxiety. The use of a professional patient was particularly appreciated by students of the opposite sex. In this era of gender equality in medical school and in society at large, equal attention to the genital examinations of both men and women is clearly mandated.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1984

Myeloid-associated antigen 3-alpha-fucosyl-N-acetyllactosamine (FAL): location on various granulocyte membrane glycoproteins and masking upon monocytic differentiation.

Seven different granulocyte-reactive murine monoclonal antibodies (mAb) were studied. The antigens recognized by these mAb were immunoprecipitated from lysates of 125I-labeled granulocytes of healthy donors. The isolated antigens were analyzed by electrophoresis on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel and autoradiography. All 7 antibodies precipitated the same 6 membrane polypeptides from membrane-iodinated granulocyte lysates: 105 and 150-kDa as most pronounced, together with 260-, 230-, 67- and 52-kDa polypeptides. One of the antibodies studied, B4.3, is directed against 3-alpha-fucosyl-N-acetyllactosamine as shown by absorption with the synthesized carbohydrate molecule. Competition experiments with 125I-labeled B4.3 demonstrated complete inhibition of binding by B4.3 and 3 of the other antibodies (VM D5, UJ308, MI/N1) and partial inhibition by the 3 other antibodies (FMC 10, FMC 12, FMC 13), indicating binding to the same antigenic structure. None of the 7 mAb reacted with monocytes in the immunofluorescence technique, but after neuraminidase treatment of these cells, positive reactions were obtained with all mAb. Immunoprecipitation with lysates of both native and neuraminidase-treated monocytes showed no polypeptide bands. Monocytic differentiation of the cell line HL60 by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and of cell line U 937 by dimethylsulfoxide and TPA was accompanied by a decrease in reactivity with these antibodies, which could be recovered by neuraminidase treatment. This indicates that 3-alpha-fucosyl-N-acetyllactosamine is masked for the detection of the antibody upon monocytic differentiation by sialylation.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1984

The effect of low dose oral contraceptives on the initial immune response to infection.

The use of oral contraceptives have been shown to produce alterations in the normal physiology of many organ systems. However, little is known as to the effect of oral contraceptives on the immune response. The current study was undertaken to determine if women on low dose oral contraceptives show alterations in their initial immune response. An in vitro assay stimulating human peripheral lymphocytes was used. No differences were found in the proliferative immune response of B- or T-cells in women taking low dose oral contraceptives as compared to controls. This study suggests that the initial immune response of lymphocytes in patients on low dose oral contraceptives remains intact.

Antibody Formation↗
PubMed1983

Immunochemical studies on the combining sites of Forssman hapten reactive hemagglutinins from Dolichos biflorus, Helix pomatia, and Wistaria floribunda.

The lectin of Dolichos biflorus, a hemagglutinin previously considered to be blood group A specific, is now found to react much more strongly with the terminal disaccharide unit [alpha DGalNAc(1 leads to 3) beta DGalNAc] of the Forssman antigenic determinant. In contrast, the relative reactions of the lectins of Helix pomatia (which also agglutinates A erythrocytes) and Wistaria floribunda (which agglutinates A, B, and O erythrocytes) with the Forssman pentasaccharide were substantially weaker than that of Dolichos biflorus. The combining site of the lectin of Helix pomatia has a broader affinity for terminal 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-alpha-D-galactopyranose (alpha DGalNAc) residues than does that of Dolichos biflorus. The reactions of the lectin with terminal alpha DGalNAc units are strongly dependent on the nature of the aglycon and remain ill defined. The lectin may also react with appropriately presented terminal 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose units. The broad affinity of the lectin of Wistaria floribunda which reacts both with a range of blood group specific glycoproteins (A, B, H, Lea, and Leb) and with non blood group glycoproteins [Sugii, S., & Kabat, E.A. (1980) Biochemistry 19, 1192-1199] appears best assigned to a combining site that favors pauci- or multivalent cooperative effects of clustered terminal beta-D-galactopyranose units. An attempt is made to rationalize certain of the inhibition data in terms of topographical features at the surfaces of the carbohydrate structures which are considered compatible for binding within essentially hydrophobic combining sites.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1983

Characterization of monoclonal antibodies specific for the Lewis a human blood group determinant.

Four hybridoma cell lines were derived from the spleen cells of mice immunized with the neutral glycolipids of human meconium. The antibodies secreted by these lines were specific for the Lewis a antigen of the human Lewis blood group system as determined by solid phase immunoassay using synthetic carbohydrate antigens and by plate binding assay and thin layer chromatography-autoradiography using natural glycolipid antigens. Coating protein A-bearing Staphylococcus aureus with one of the antibodies yielded a stable reagent that produced rapid agglutination of Lewis a positive human erythrocytes. The fine structural specificity of these antibodies was assessed by competition radioimmunoassay using synthetic structural analogs of Lewis a conjugated to bovine serum albumin. One antibody was specific for the Lewis a trisaccharide (Gal beta 1 leads to 3(Fuc alpha 1 leads to 4) beta GlcNAc), while a second recognized the entire Lea (1 leads to 3) beta Gal tetrasaccharide. The third and fourth were directed at topography largely provided by only the alpha Fuc and beta GlcNAc units. These monoclonal antibodies not only represent potentially useful reagents for detecting the Lewis a antigen but also provide a system for studying precise relationships between anticarbohydrate antibody structure and binding specificity.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Herpesvirus.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Longevity of Salmonella typhimurium in Tilapia aurea and water from pools fertilized with swine waste.

Salmonella typhimurium declined rapidly when inoculated into Tilapia aurea culture pools fertilized with fresh swine waste. Within the water column, a 95% decline of viable cells occurred during the first 6 h. Isolation of viable salmonellae was possible at 16 days post-inoculation, but not at 32 days. Similarly, salmonellae could be detected in the viscera and epithelium of T. aurea at 16 days, although not at 32 days. Salmonellae were not isolated from the fish flesh, nor was there evidence of septicemic infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Immune response of Tilapia aurea exposed to Salmonella typhimurium.

Tilapia aurea showed a specific immune response to Salmonella typhimurium. S. typhimurium was introduced into the gut of T. aurea by force-feeding. S. typhimurium was isolated from the fish viscera after 15 days, but at 30 days viable cells were not detected. T. aurea had an antibody titer to S. typhimurium after 30 days which was fivefold greater than the natural background antibody titer. An elevated antibody titer was not indicative of active bacterial infection.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1983

Hepatitis B: a controllable disease.

Major advances have been made in understanding the epidemiology and biology of the hepatitis B virus. Two particular developments--hepatitis B immune globulin and a new hepatitis B virus vaccine--are of special interest to obstetricians, gynecologists, and others who provide health care to women. The appropriate use of hepatitis B immune globulin and hepatitis vaccine can prevent hepatitis B virus infections.

Female↗
PubMed1982

The effect of prostaglandins on the multiplication and cell-to-cell spread of herpes simplex virus type 2 in vitro.

Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) after infecting an individual has the ability to remain latent in nervous tissues. The factors that control herpesvirus infection, latency, and reactivation are poorly understood. Fever, menstruation, emotional stress, exposure to sunlight, and surgical resection have been associated with activation of latent herpes. The situations which activate latent herpes are associated with a local or systemic rise in prostaglandins. The data presented show that prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) and E2 (PGE2) enhanced cell-to-cell spread of HSV-2 in an in vitro model. Ibuprofen, a prostaglandin inhibitor, suppressed HSV-2 multiplication as well as cell-to-cell spread. Prostaglandins may play an important role in herpesvirus infections and latency.

Dinoprost↗
PubMed1982

Isolation and characterization of a Lewis b-active lectin from Griffonia simplicifolia seeds.

A fourth lectin (GS IV), a serologically Lewis b (Leb)-active binding lectin, was isolated from Griffonia simplicifolia seeds by affinity chromatography on an Leb (alpha-L-fucose-(1 leads to 2)-beta-D-Gal-(1 leads to 3)-[alpha-L-fucose-(1 leads to 4)]-beta-D-GlcNAc)-active fragment coupled to Synsorb, followed by elution with 0.1 N acetic acid. The purified lectin was shown to be homogeneous by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and analytical gel column chromatography on Sephadex G-200. A glycoprotein containing mannose, N-acetylglucosamine, fucose, and xylose (4:2:1:1), the lectin is a dimer composed of subunits of Mr = 29,000 and 27,000 with an aggregate Mr = 56,000. The GS IV lectin precipitate equally with blood group Leb fragment-bovine serum albumin (BSA) and H-active fragment (alpha-L-fucose-(1 leads to 2)-beta-D-Gal-(1 leads to 4)-[alpha-L-fucose-(1 leads to 3)]-beta-D-GlcNAc)-BSA conjugates but only poorly with a Lewis a fragment-BSA conjugate. Inhibition of precipitation with various mono- and oligosaccharides indicated that the lectin is specific for type 1 or 2 chains containing two alpha-L-fucosyl groups on C-2 of the D-galactosyl residue and C-3 or C-4 of the D-GlcNAc unit. One alpha-L-fucosyl residue on C-3 or C-4 of the D-GlcNAc residue of type 1 or 2 chains inhibited the reaction, although these oligosaccharides were less active than the oligosaccharides containing 2 alpha-L-fucosyl units. L-Fucose, methyl alpha- or beta-fucoside, and p-nitrophenyl alpha- or beta-L-fucoside did not inhibit the lectin. GSIV did not display mitogenic activity against mouse spleen cells or human peripheral lymphocytes.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1982

Removal of specific antibody in vivo by whole blood immunoadsorption: preliminary results in dogs.

Effective immunoadsorption for removal of anti-red cell antibodies from plasma using affinity columns has been demonstrated. However, the requirement of a continuous-flow centrifuge to separate plasma increases the cost and complexity of the procedure. We have adapted red cell antigen immunoadsorption columns for use with whole blood. Effective and specific removal of anti-red cell antibodies was achieved in actively immunized dogs.

ABO Blood-Group System↗