Biomedical subjects

Chunsheng Wang

Publications and source records attributed to Chunsheng Wang.

11 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2026

Cardiometabolic Multimorbidity Increases the Risk of Hip Fracture: A Longitudinal Cohort Study Based on CHARLS.

BACKGROUND: Cardiometabolic Multimorbidity (CMM) is defined as the co-occurrence of two or more conditions among heart disease, diabetes mellitus, stroke, and hypertension. Previous studies have shown associations between cardiometabolic diseases and fragility fractures; however, the relationship between CMM and hip fractures remains unclear in the Chinese population. This study therefore aims to investigate this association in a Chinese cohort to inform fracture prevention strategies. METHODS: This prospective cohort study used data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) collected from 2011 to 2020. Participants from the 2011 baseline survey cohort were initially included. Subsequently, individuals were sequentially excluded if they were under 45 years of age, had incomplete baseline CMM information, had a history of hip fracture, lost to follow-up, or had missing data on confounders. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, Cox proportional hazards regression, subgroup analyses, and sensitivity analyses were performed to evaluate the association between CMM and the risk of hip fracture. RESULTS: A total of 6314 participants aged 45 years and older were included, of whom 544 had CMM. Over a 9-year follow-up period, 287 incident hip fractures (4.55%) were identified. Among these, 36 participants had been diagnosed with CMM at baseline, whereas 251 had not. The incidence of hip fracture was significantly higher in participants with CMM than in those without CMM (13% vs. 8%, p = 0.015). After full adjustment for confounders, multivariable Cox regression showed that CMM was associated with a 70% increased risk of hip fracture (HR = 1.70, 95% CI: 1.318-2.47; p = 0.005). Subgroup analyses indicated that age and history of falls were significant effect modifiers. The association between CMM and hip fracture was more pronounced in participants under 60 years old (P for interaction = 0.048) and those with a history of falls (P for interaction = 0.014). CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that CMM increases the risk of hip fracture, particularly among relatively younger individuals and those with a history of falls.

Humans↗

PubMed2026

Comparative transcriptomic and physiological analyses uncover key regulatory pathways associated with drought tolerance in wheat.

Drought severely limits wheat yield, yet its molecular basis remains incompletely understood. We compared a drought-tolerant line (A25) and a drought-sensitive line (A8) under water deficit across three developmental stages using physiological assays and transcriptomics. A25 exhibited stronger osmotic adjustment and antioxidant defense, with higher proline accumulation and enhanced activities of ascorbate peroxidase, catalase, and other ROS-scavenging enzymes. RNA-seq revealed distinct drought-responsive expression patterns, with differentially expressed genes enriched in MAPK signaling and ABA-dependent pathways. ABA-responsive genes were more abundant and strongly induced in A25, suggesting enhanced ABA signal transduction as a key mechanism. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis identified a drought-associated purple module positively correlated with physiological resistance, from which six hub genes (MAPKKK17, Avr9/Cf-9, RPPL1, RGA1, UBC28, AGPs5) were highlighted as potential regulators. Collectively, coordinated activation of ABA signaling and MAPK cascades, mediated by these hub genes, underlies the robust drought tolerance of A25, providing promising molecular targets for wheat breeding and improvement.

Triticum↗

PubMed2006

Potential advantage of higher-order modes of birdcage coil for parallel imaging.

The potential advantages of the higher-order resonant modes of a low-pass birdcage coil for parallel imaging are investigated using FDTD simulations in a spherical phantom. Better parallel imaging performance can be achieved in axial planes than in sagittal planes. If more modes are employed, the average g-factor (gmean) and maximum g-factor (gmax) will be improved for a specific acceleration factor (R). G-factor performance at 3 T (gmean=1.79, gmax=3.55) and 7 T (gmean=1.60, gmax=2.45) can be achieved even with an acceleration factor as high as four when all six order modes of 12-rung low-pass birdcage coil are incorporated for imaging on a mid-axial plane. For a specific number of channels, the optimum combination of corresponding modes can be obtained for different acceleration factors. Based on the g-factor and SNR performance, the total degenerate multi-mode birdcage coil with six order resonant modes has better homogeneous coverage and SENSE performance than the 8-element phased array coil, although requiring fewer channels. In addition, the dielectric effects at high field can improve the parallel imaging performance.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2006

Discrepancy-based adaptive regularization for GRAPPA reconstruction.

PURPOSE: To develop a novel regularization method for GRAPPA by which the regularization parameters can be optimally and adaptively chosen. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the fit procedures in GRAPPA, the discrepancy principle, which chooses the regularization parameter based on a priori information about the noise level in the autocalibrating signals (ACS), is used with the truncated singular value decomposition (TSVD) regularization and the Tikhonov regularization, and its performance is compared with the singular value (SV) threshold method and the L-curve method, respectively by axial and sagittal head imaging experiments. RESULTS: In both axial and sagittal reconstructions, normal GRAPPA reconstruction results exhibit a relatively high level of noise. With discrepancy-based choices of parameters, regularization can improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) with only a very modest increase in aliasing artifacts. The L-curve method in all of the reconstructions leads to overregularization, which causes severe residual aliasing artifacts. The 10% SV threshold method yields good overall image quality in the axial case, but in the sagittal case it also leads to an obvious increase in aliasing artifacts. CONCLUSION: Neither a fixed SV threshold nor the L-curve are robust means of choosing the appropriate parameters in GRAPPA reconstruction. However, with the discrepancy-based parameter-choice strategy, adaptively regularized GRAPPA can be used to automatically choose nearly optimal parameters for reconstruction and achieve an excellent compromise between SNR and artifacts.

Algorithms↗

PubMed2006

B1 field, SAR, and SNR comparisons for birdcage, TEM, and microstrip coils at 7T.

PURPOSE: To compare the performance of birdcage, transverse electromagnetic (TEM) and microstrip volume coils at 7T under the same geometric conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Birdcage, TEM, and microstrip coils are modeled with the same dimensions. The finite difference time domain (FDTD) method is adopted to calculate the electromagnetic fields of the coils. Further, B(1) field, specific absorption rate (SAR) and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) are calculated for these coils. RESULTS: In the unloaded case, within the central axial plane, the variation of B(1) field magnitude over 18-cm distance is about 15% for the birdcage coil, 23% for the TEM coil, and 38% for the microstrip coil. In the loaded case, the percentages of the samples on the central axial plane, which have B(1) field magnitude within +/-20% of the average B(1) field magnitude, are about 57% for the birdcage, 72% for the TEM, and 59% for the microstrip coil. Average SAR levels are 11.4% and 42.9% higher in the birdcage than those in the TEM and microstrip coils, respectively. The average relative SNR on the central axial plane for the shielded birdcage, TEM, and microstrip coils are 1, 1.07, and 1.48, respectively. CONCLUSION: The birdcage coil has the best unloaded B(1) field homogeneity, and the TEM coil has the best loaded B(1) field homogeneity and the lowest radiation loss; while the microstrip coil is better in SAR and SNR at 7T than the birdcage and TEM coils.

Electromagnetic Fields↗

PubMed2006

[Effect of morphological changes in proximal femur on prosthesis selection of total hip arthroplasty in patients with ankylosing spondylitis].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of the morphological changes in the proximal femur on the prosthesis selection in the total hip arthroplasty in the patients with ankylosing spondylitis. METHODS: The experimental group was composed of 13 patients (16 hips) with ankylosing spondylitis, which was treated with the total hip arthroplasty, and the control group was composed of 16 patients (19 hips) with non-ankylosing spondylitis, which was also treated with the total hip arthroplasty. In the two groups, the measurements of Singh index, canal flare index, morphological index of the cortex and cortical index were performed in the two groups. RESULTS: The results of the statistical analysis on Singh index, canal flare index, morphological index of the cortex and cortical index in the experimental group were 3.81 +/- 0.54, 2.63 +/- 0.41, 2.02 +/- 0.38 and 1.69 +/- 0.69, respectively, but 4.63 +/- 0.62, 3.03 +/- 0.27, 2.76 +/- 0.28 and 2.12 +/- 0.24, respectively in the control group. There was a significant difference in Singh index, canal flare index, and morphological index of the cortex between the two groups (P < 0.05), while there was no statistical difference in cortical index between the two groups (P > 0.05). The patients with ankylosing spondylitis had more serious osteoporosis in their proximal femur. CONCLUSION: Cemented femoral prosthesis should be used in the total hip replacement in patients with ankylosing spondylitis, and the revision total hip arthroplasty should be performed on patients with more serious osteoporosis.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Tailored utilization of acquired k-space points for GRAPPA reconstruction.

The generalized auto-calibrating partially parallel acquisition (GRAPPA) is an auto-calibrating parallel imaging technique which incorporates multiple blocks of data to derive the missing signals. In the original GRAPPA reconstruction algorithm only the data points in phase encoding direction are incorporated to reconstruct missing points in k-space. It has been recognized that this scheme can be extended so that data points in readout direction are also utilized and the points are selected based on a k-space locality criterion. In this study, an automatic subset selection strategy is proposed which can provide a tailored selection of source points for reconstruction. This novel approach extracts a subset of signal points corresponding to the most linearly independent base vectors in the coefficient matrix of fit, effectively preventing incorporating redundant signals which only bring noise into reconstruction with little contribution to the exactness of fit. Also, subset selection in this way has a regularization effect since the vectors corresponding to the smallest singular values are eliminated and consequently the condition of the reconstruction is improved. Phantom and in vivo MRI experiments demonstrate that this subset selection strategy can effectively improve SNR and reduce residual artifacts for GRAPPA reconstruction.

Algorithms↗

PubMed2005

Human apoE4-targeted replacement mice display synaptic deficits in the absence of neuropathology.

The human APOE*4 allele is associated with an early age of onset and increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Long before the onset of AD, cognitive deficits can be identified in APOE*4 carriers. We examined neurons in the lateral amygdala of young apolipoprotein (apo) E3 and apoE4 targeted replacement (TR) mice for changes in synaptic integrity. ApoE4 mice displayed significantly reduced excitatory synaptic transmission and dendritic arborization. Despite these changes there were no signs of gliosis, amyloid deposition or neurofibrillary tangles in these mice. To our knowledge, this is the first study to suggest that cognitive deficits in APOE*4 carriers are due to inherent defects in synaptic function that appear prior to any age-dependent markers of neuropathology.

Affective Symptoms↗

PubMed2005

[Effect of olfactory ensheathing cells transplantation on protecting spinal cord and neurons after peripheral nerve injury].

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) transplantation on protecting spinal cord and neurons after peripheral nerve injury. METHODS: Fifty-five SD rats were randomly divided into blank group (n = 5), experimental group (n = 25) and control group (n = 25). The right sciatic nerves of all the rats were transected. The proximal end was embedded in muscle and treated with OECs (experimental group) and DMEM (control group). No treatment was given to the blank group. The rats were sacrificed 1, 2, 3, 7, and 14 days after the transplantation, the related neurons were observed with histological and TUNEL methods. RESULTS: After sciatic nerves were transected, death of neurons occurred in spinal cord and ganglion. One, 2, 3 days after treatment, the neuron survival rate in experimental group was 98.4% +/- 6.5%, 97.6% +/- 6.5%, 95.2% +/- 6.7% respectively. The neuron survival rate in control group was 97.8% +/- 6.7%, 97.4% +/- 6.4%, 94.3% +/- 6.8% 1, 2, and 3 days after treatment respectively. There was no significant difference between experimental group and control group. Seven and 14 days after treatment, the neuron survival rate in experimental group was 92.4% +/- 8.9%, 87.7% +/- 9.4% respectively. The neuron survival rate in control group was 87.4% +/- 8.6%, 83.4% +/- 8.5% 7 and 14 days after treatment respectively. There was significant difference between experimental group and control group. On 1st and 2nd day, no apoptosis was seen in spinal cord anterior horn of the rats in both experimental group and control group. On 3rd, 7th, and 14th day, the apoptosis index of spinal cord anterior horn motoneuron in experimental rats were lower (1.2+/-0.8, 1.4 +/- 0. 6, 4.1 +/- 1. 3) than that in the control group (2.1 +/- 1.1, 3.1 +/- 1.1, 6.1 +/- 1.8) (P < 0.05). One, 2, and 3 days after the operation, no ganglion neurons apoptosis was observed in all rats. On 7th day the apoptosis index of ganglion neurons in experimental group(2.10 +/- 0.32) were lower than that in control group (4.40+/-0.56) (P<0.05). On 14th day there was no significant difference in the apoptosis index of ganglion neurons between experimental group (4.30+/-1.80) and control group (6.70 +/- 2.50) (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Apoptosis of neurons occur after peripheral nerve injury in spinal cord and ganglion. OECs transplantation is effective in preventing apoptosis.

Animals↗

PubMed2002

Properties of the pathways from the lateral amygdal nucleus to basolateral nucleus and amygdalostriatal transition area.

Studies have revealed that the amygdala formation is involved in emotional learning, attention, and autonomic functions. Although intra-amygdala connections have been described anatomically, the functional characteristics of these connections are not well understood. We used a rat brain slice preparation with a voltage-sensitive imaging system to compare the electrophysiological characteristics of intra-amygdala pathways. Electrical stimuli delivered to the lateral nucleus (La) caused the optical signal to propagate to basolateral nucleus (BL) and amygdalostriatal transition area (AStr), but not the central nucleus (Ce), consistent with previous anatomical studies, including the recently characterized projections from La to AStr. The velocity of propagation of the evoked potential along the La-AStr pathway was significantly faster than that along the La-BL pathway. In addition, the efficiency of the signal transmission (determined by the rate of decay) along the La-AStr pathway was higher than that along the La-BL pathway. Also, AStr possessed a distinct property of temporal summation of La signals. On the other hand, the La-BL pathway possessed a significantly higher sensitivity to bicuculline/picrotoxin and a stronger paired-pulse inhibition than the La-AStr pathway. Furthermore, the La-BL pathway expressed a higher D-2-amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid (a NMDA blocker) sensitivity than the La-AStr pathway. These results suggest that the La-AStr pathway, which conducts signals with high velocity and less attenuation, may be involved in rapid reflexive responses during fear-induced behavior, whereas the La-BL pathway facilitates signal integration and learning.

2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate↗

PubMed2002

[Clinical application and experimental studies of the pulsed inhaled nitric oxide flow controlling instrument].

A flow controlling system for pulsed inhaled nitric oxide has been developed and tested, and here its features and initial animal experiments and clinical applications are described. The physical characteristic test indicates that the practical released dose of NO gas is very close to the theoretical flow of NO gas at variant pressures. Animal experiments demonstrate that inhaled NO gas concentration is lower than the concentration of theoretical inhalation, but the variance is not remarkable (p>0.05). When sixteen cases with CHD and PH were chosen to inhale NO gas (15 ppm, 15 min) PAP and PVR of all cases were reduced after inhalation of NO gas from 617 +/-51.3 dyn x s x cm(-5), 54.4+/-13.1 mmHg to 417+/-36.9 dym x s x cm(-5), 33.8+/-12.3 mmHg (PVR, p<0.01; PAP, p<0.01) respectively. When gas inhalation was stopped, these values returned to their base lines after a short period of time. All these show that the pulsed inhaled NO flow controlling instrument in accordance with the requirements of the designing, can be widely used in clinical diagnoses and treatments and will be a new tool offered for the treatments of the patients with PH.

Administration, Inhalation↗