Biomedical subjects

Chii-Jye Wang

Publications and source records attributed to Chii-Jye Wang.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Colon perforation: a rare complication during percutaneous nephrolithotomy.

Only a few cases of colon perforation during percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) have been reported. We present here a case of colon perforation during PCNL that was managed conservatively by stenting the urinary tract, using the percutaneous catheter as the colostomy tube, and giving broad-spectrum antibiotics. This report also reviews the anatomic and technical access to the kidney and reminds the urologist about this rare but serious complication of PCNL.

Aged↗

PubMed2006

Are lower urinary tract symptoms associated with erectile dysfunction in aging males of Taiwan?

INTRODUCTION: This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and erectile dysfunction (ED) in aging males of Taiwan. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A free health screening for aging males (>or=45 years old) was conducted in Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital in August 2004. LUTS and ED were assessed by validated symptom scales: the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and the International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF-5). The subjects also completed a health and demographics questionnaire and underwent detailed physical examination, serum prostate-specific antigen level determination, and transrectal ultrasonography. RESULTS: The final study population consisted of 141 patients with a mean age of 59.8 years. The severity of LUTS and ED increased with age. After controlling for comorbidities, age (p<0.001) and IPSS score (p<0.001) were significantly associated with the IIEF-5 score. Furthermore, men with moderate to high IPSS scores were more likely to have ED as compared with those with mild symptoms after age adjustment (age-adjusted odds ratio 3.27, p=0.002). CONCLUSIONS: ED and LUTS are highly prevalent in our study population, and this prevalence increases with age. ED is significantly associated with the severity of LUTS after controlling for age and comorbidities. These results highlight the clinical importance of evaluating LUTS in patients with ED and the need to consider sexual issues in the management of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Age Factors↗

PubMed2005

Impact of lower pole anatomy on stone clearance after shock wave lithotripsy.

This study retrospectively analyzed patients treated with shock wave ithotripsy (SWL) for lower calyceal stones, to determine the influence of the lower pole anatomy and stone size in predicting the clearance of fragments. Between June 2000 and March 2002, we reviewed excretory urography (IVU) of 59 patients with isolated lower pole stones treated with SWL. A total of 44 men and 15 women, with an age ranging between 23 and 78 years (mean, 55 years), were included in the study. The patients were divided into two groups, either a stone-free group or residual-stone group. After SWL, overall stone rate was 57.6%, and clearance for stones less than 10 mm in diameter was 64.5%, whereas clearance was 50% for stones between 10 and 20 mm in diameter. Intrarenal anatomy on IVU, such as infundibular width and infundibulopelvi-ureteric angle showed no significant difference between the stone-free and residual-stone groups. Our analysis showed that three significant variables were relevant to stone clearance: infundibular length, stone size and stone burden. We conclude that SWL is the best treatment for lower pole kidney stones 10 mm or less in diameter, showing lower complication and acceptable stone-free rates.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Evaluation of intrarenal blood flow by Doppler ultrasonography immediately after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy on hydronephrotic kidney.

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) is an effective and relatively noninvasive mode of treatment for urinary calculi. The aim of this study was to test whether therapeutic ESWL induces changes in renal parenchymatous blood flow and to evaluate shock wave side effects on the renal parenchyma. A total of 45 patients who underwent ESWL for ureteropelvic stone between January 2002 and July 2003 were included in this prospective study. Color Doppler sonography before and 30 minutes after ESWL showed no significant morphologic change. Resistive index (RI) was used to estimate renovascular resistance. The RI significantly increased in obstructed hydronephrotic kidneys. However, no significant change was observed in both treated and untreated kidneys before and after treatment. Hydronephrotic kidneys do not have a higher risk of post-ESWL renovascular resistance interference. The measurement of changes in RI with Doppler ultrasonography may provide useful information for clinical diagnosis of renal tubulointerstitial and vascular damage.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Unusual gas pattern in emphysematous cystitis: a case report.

We present a case of emphysematous cystitis in a 43-year-old female. The gas pattern was unusual because there was only gas accumulation in the urinary bladder without bladder wall thickening or intramural gas formation. The differential diagnosis included postoperative states, enterovesical fistula, and iatrogenic instrumentation. The prognosis of emphysematous cystitis is good after early diagnosis and prompt treatment with appropriate antibiotics, blood glucose control, and adequate urinary drainage. The patient was discharged on hospital day 5 with one additional week of oral antibiotic therapy. She was quite well at the time of writing and her diabetes was controlled with an oral hypoglycemic agent.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Penile veins play a pivotal role in erection: the haemodynamic evidence.

Although penile venous surgery has almost been abandoned and the venous factor eliminated as a contributing factor to erectile dysfunction, new concepts of erection-related veins has recently been described and reported in literature. We sought to conduct a haemodynamic study on human cadavers in order to elucidate to what extent penile veins act in erection, and to explore the possible role of erection-related veins as an important contributor to impotence. From November 2002 to December 2003, seven fresh human cadavers of men who had no sexual activity for at least 6 months prior to death, and in whom the penis was intact were used for this study. Infusion cavernosometry was carried out with an induction flow of 150 mL/min before and after the erection-related veins were removed. A rigid erection was attained in all subjects, lasting significantly longer (p = 0.043) after removal of erection-related veins. Similarly, there were significant differences in the maintenance flow (p = 0.043), T(max) (p = 0.043), V(max) (p = 0.043), and pressure loss (p = 0.043). In cadaveric penises, a rigid erection could be maintained in spite of the fact that the low flow rate of 21 mL/min is much lower than the average arterial perfusion rate observed in cases of arterial insufficiency. We therefore concluded that penile veins may play a significant role in attaining sufficient erection, and further research is required to study this possible clinical implication.

Aged↗

PubMed2005

The synergism of penile venous surgery and oral sildenafil in treating patients with erectile dysfunction.

A possible synergistic effect between penile venous surgery and oral sildenafil was inadvertently found in treating patients with erectile dysfunction in our clinic. We therefore sought to elucidate the possible synergic effect between venous surgery and sildenafil through studying patients who were non-responders preoperatively. From July 1998 to July 2003, 128 patients were diagnosed with veno-occlusive dysfunction. Subsequently, 65 of them underwent penile venous surgery and were assigned to the surgical treatment group. The remaining 63 men were assigned to the control group, and were subject to a simple re-exposure of oral sildenafil. All patients were evaluated with the international index of erectile function (IIEF-5) scoring. Sildenafil (12.5-100 mg) was prescribed postoperatively to all surgical patients as venous surgery alone was unsatisfactory and similarly, 100 mg preparation was prescribed for patients in the control group. The IIEF-5 scoring in the control group changed from a preoperative mean IIEF-5 score of 9.4 +/- 3.9 to 10.7 +/- 3.5 postoperatively. In surgical patients, however, the mean preoperative IIEF-5 score of 9.2 +/- 5.0, which increased to 15.1 +/- 5.0 (p < 0.001) postoperatively, further increased to 20.1 +/- 5.4 (p < 0.0001) after the addition of sildenafil. Although there was no significant difference between the two groups characteristics, there was a statistically significant difference between treatment results (p < 0.001). Overall, 61 men (93.8%) reported a positive response to sildenafil after venous stripping surgery. In contrast, only eight patients (12.7%) felt a beneficial response in the control group (p < 0.001). Forty-one of 65 patients had scores of > or =22, and 19 of these had a score of 25. No response was found in three (4.6%), and a decrease of 7 was seen in one (1.5%). In summary, patients in whom sildenafil was not effective preoperatively can become excellent responders after careful penile venous surgery. It appears that together, oral sildenafil and penile venous surgery may provide an encouraging solution to impotent patients with veno-occlusive dysfunction who are non-responders to sildenafil.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed2005

Outpatient varicocelectomy performed under local anesthesia.

AIM: To report a series of varicocelectomy performed under pure local anesthesia. METHODS: From July 1988 to June 2003, a total of 575 patients, aged between 15 and 73 years, underwent high ligation of the internal spermatic vein for treatment of a varicocele testis under a regional block in which a precise injection of 0.8 % lidocaine solution was delivered to involved tissues after exact anatomical references were made. A 100-mm visual analog scale (VAS) was used to assess whether the pain level was acceptable. RESULTS: The surgeries were bilateral in 52 cases, and unilateral in 523 cases. All were successfully performed on an outpatient basis except in the case of two patients, who were hospitalized because their surgeries required general anesthesia. Overall, 98.6 % (567/575) of men could go back to work by the end of the first post-operative week and only 8 (1.4 %) men reported feeling physical discomfort on the eighth day. The VAS scores varied from 11 mm to 41 mm with an average of (18.5+/-11.3) mm that was regarded as tolerable. CONCLUSION: This study has shown varicocelectomy under local anesthesia to be possible, simple, effective, reliable and reproducible, and a safe method with minimal complications. It offers the advantages of more privacy, lower morbidity, with no notable adverse effects resulting from anesthesia, and a more rapid return to regular physical activity with minor complications.

Acetaminophen↗

PubMed2004

Foreign body stone in the urinary bladder: a case report.

Bladder calculi rarely form spontaneously and are usually a manifestation of an underlying pathologic condition of the lower urinary tract, including voiding dysfunction, urinary infection, obstruction, or foreign body retention. However, a ruptured Foley balloon-induced bladder stone is an unusual complication of an indwelling Foley catheter. We report a case of spinal cord injury with paraplegia and bladder stone induced by a fragment of a ruptured Foley balloon. The bladder stone and the Foley balloon fragment were successfully removed by cystoscopy. The stone was composed of calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate. We report this unusual case to raise awareness that it is important to check the integrity of the Foley catheter after removal of the tube.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

Relationships between American Urological Association symptom index, prostate volume, and disease-specific quality of life question in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia.

The American Urological Association (AUA) symptom index is both valid and reliable in identifying the need to treat patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and in monitoring their response to therapy. We evaluated the relationships between AUA symptom index, disease-specific quality of life question, and prostate volume in patients with BPH. A total of 100 patients who came to Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Taiwan, for help due to lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and who were diagnosed with BPH between October 2002 and June 2003 were included in the study. All patients were evaluated using transrectal ultrasonography, AUA symptom index, and disease-specific quality of life question. The disease-specific quality of life question showed good correlation with AUA symptom score (r = 0.815, p < 0.01), but weak correlation with prostate volume (r = 0.225, p < 0.05) and age (r = 0.274, p < 0.05). Prostate volume had weak correlation with AUA symptom score (r = 0.251, p < 0.05) and age (r = 0.472, p < 0.01), but good correlation with prostate specific antigen (r = 0.638, p < 0.01). In addition to AUA symptom index, we suggest using the disease-specific quality of life question to evaluate the influence on quality of life and response to treatment in clinical practice. Moreover, we should assess the impact of BPH symptoms rather than the increase in prostate volume during the management of BPH.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

Laparoscopic bladder diverticulectomy for large bladder diveticulum: a case report.

Bladder diverticula are herniations of the bladder mucosa through the bladder wall musculature. Acquired bladder diverticula are the result of outlet obstruction, mostly benign prostate enlargement, infections, or urethral stricture. Traditionally, bladder diverticulum was excised by the open method. However, the laparoscopic technique has been widely used to treat many urologic diseases, including bladder diverticulum. Laparoscopic diverticulectomy can be performed transperitoneally or extraperitoneally. We report our initial experience with laparoscopic transperitoneal diverticulectomy for a large bladder diverticulum caused by bladder outlet obstruction. The patient had satisfactory micturition and was discharged on the eighth postoperative day.

Aged↗

PubMed2004

Efficacy and safety of on-demand oral tadalafil in the treatment of men with erectile dysfunction in Taiwan: a randomized, double-blind, parallel, placebo-controlled clinical study.

INTRODUCTION: Tadalafil is a phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor for the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED). Past clinical trials have assessed its efficacy and safety in western populations. Tadalafil has not been investigated in a large clinical trial with a South-east Asian population. AIM: To assess the efficacy and safety of on-demand tadalafil for the treatment of ED in a 12-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in Taiwan. METHODS: Men with mild to severe ED of various etiologies were randomized to receive placebo, tadalafil 10 mg, or tadalafil 20 mg, taken as needed (maximum once daily). Efficacy assessments included the International Index of Erectile Function, the Sexual Encounter Profile (SEP) diary, and a Global Assessment Question (GAQ). RESULTS: Tadalafil significantly improved erectile function compared with placebo (P < 0.005, all measures). At endpoint, the patients receiving tadalafil reported a greater mean per-patient percentage of successful intercourse attempts (SEP question 3: 70.0%, 10 mg; 78.0%, 20 mg) than placebo-treated patients (42.8%) and a greater proportion of improved erections (GAQ: 92.3% and 84.6% vs. 54.5%). Most treatment-emergent adverse events were mild or moderate. The most common adverse events were back pain, dyspepsia, and myalgia. CONCLUSIONS: Tadalafil was an effective, well-tolerated therapy for men in Taiwan with ED of broad-spectrum severity and etiology.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed2003

Current indications for transurethral resection of the prostate and associated complications.

Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is the most common surgical procedure for relieving symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Here, we report our experience of current indications for TURP and their associated outcomes at Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital (KMUH). A total of 111 patients who underwent TURP at KMUH between May 2000 and December 2001 were included in this retrospective review. For each patient, the surgical indication was categorized into acute urinary retention, chronic complications (including renal impairment, recurrent urinary infection, bladder stone/diverticulum, post-void residue, and recurrent hematuria), and symptomatic prostatism. Thirty-five patients (31%) had acute urinary retention, 28 (27%) had chronic complications, and 48 (42%) had symptomatic prostatism. Most patients chose TURP only when medical treatment had failed to relieve symptoms, no matter what category they belonged to. Patients with acute urinary retention and chronic complications had larger prostates (p = 0.002) and more tissue resected (p = 0.05) than those with symptomatic prostatism. Patients with acute urinary retention seemed to be at greater risk of postoperative complications such as recurrent urinary retention and urinary tract infection. We suggest that urodynamic study may be necessary to rule out concomitant bladder dysfunction before surgery and that adequate prophylactic antibiotic treatment be used to decrease the risk of urinary tract infection during or after TURP, especially when pyuria is noted preoperatively in patients with acute urinary retention.

Aged↗

PubMed2003

Management of low-flow priapism using the Winter procedure: a case report.

Priapism is a prolonged penile erection that is unrelated to sexual stimulation. Low-flow priapism has been associated with sickle cell disease and other hemoglobinopathies, neoplastic syndrome, anticoagulant therapy, psychotropic medication, and idiopathic causes. We report the successful treatment of idiopathic low-flow priapism using the Winter procedure. Initial treatment consisted of aspiration and intracavernous irrigation with iced saline and a vasoconstrictive agent, but in vain. We then performed the Winter procedure, in which fistulas between the corpora cavernosa and the glans penis were created. This resulted in the simultaneous detumescence of the penis, without complication. The erectile function of the penis was normal 1 year after the procedure. This case shows that idiopathic low-flow priapism can be successfully treated using the Winter procedure when conservative treatment fails.

Humans↗

PubMed2002

Herpes zoster induced neuropathic bladder--a case report.

Herpes zoster infection involving the sacral dermatomes has been associated with bladder dysfunction and, although rarely, with acute urinary retention. Less than 150 cases have been reported in the literature. After reviewing our institute's chart records covering a period of time dating from 1991 to 2001, we found that three of our patients had developed acute urinary retention following herpes zoster skin lesions of the S2-4 dermatomes. Herein we report our findings. These three patients had previously been found to have normal voiding status. However, at the time of complaint urodynamic studies revealed detrusor areflexia or detrusor hyporeflexia with decreased sensation of bladder filling. After micturation recovery, repeat urodynamic studies revealed detrusor pressure and bladder sensation recovery. After one to six weeks of treatment, all three patients could void spontaneously without catheterization. We found that, when treated with antiviral medication, supportive analgesics, and temporary urinary drainage, which included urethral catheterization and suprapubic cystostomy, acute urinary retention associated with herpes zoster has a generally favorable prognosis. In other words, we found that in spite of its rarity, herpes zoster induced neuropathic bladder dysfunction is reversible when treated appropriately.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Bilateral traumatic testicular dislocation--a case report.

Traumatic testicular dislocation is a rare complication of blunt scrotal trauma. It is usually related to straddle injuries from motorcycle accidents and is commonly accompanied by scrotal hematoma and pelvic fracture. Bilateral dislocation of the testes is relatively rare. We report a rare case of bilateral testicular dislocation after a motorcycle accident. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) and color Doppler ultrasonography are helpful in locating the dislocated testicle and detecting its blood flow. Closed reduction of a superficial testicular dislocation may be attempted first. After appropriate physical examination and image study, emergent surgical reduction should be considered because of the high incidence of failure of closed reduction. We recommend that emergency physicians should be aware of potential testicular injury among trauma cases. Early reduction and early urological consultation are also recommended because of histological changes seen in dislocated testis.

Accidents, Traffic↗

PubMed2002

The management strategy of renal angiomyolipoma.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the management strategy of renal angiomyolipoma. From 1990 to 2002, a total of 62 patients with renal angiomyolipoma were treated at our medical center. Angiomyolipomas were found in 44 female patients (71.0%) and 18 male patients. Of these patients the age ranged from 18 to 87 y/o (mean: 46.9 y/o). Four of 8 patients with bilateral angiomyolipomas were associated with tuberous sclerosis (TS). Nine (14.5%) of 62 patients had got spontaneous rupture. However, 54.8 per cent of patients were asymptomatic. The mean tumor size was 4.83 cm. Tumors larger than 4 cm had a greater incidence of symptoms (60.7%) and a higher nephrectomy rate (43%). Clinical management was based on tumor size and clinical presentation. Treatment consisted of conservative observation in 30 patients (group 1, 48.4%), selective embolization therapy in 2 patients with hemorrhage (group 2, 3.2%), partial nephrectomy and other surgical procedures in 14 patients (group 3, 22.6%), and total nephrectomy in 16 patients (group 4, 25.8%). Nine of 62 patients were associated with spontaneous angiomyolipoma rupture under conservative treatment in 3, TAE in 1, partial nephrectomy in 1, total nephrectomy in 3 and laparotomy to check bleeding in 1. Neither mortality no major complication was noted. Generally the outcomes were smooth and acceptable. Beyond the total nephrectomy for patients with highly suspected malignancy, we suggest conservative treatment with observation strategy for small asymptomatic tumors, selective arterial embolization as the first choice for hemorrhage or rupture and partial nephrectomy for renal sparing strategy.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

Adrenal tumors: 10-year experience at Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital and literature review.

We report our 10-year experience of managing adrenal tumors at Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital (KMUH) between January 1992 and January 2002. In total, 53 patients with adrenal tumors were analyzed, including 19 men (mean age +/- standard deviation, SD, 41.8 +/- 12.9 yr; range, 24-66 yr) and 34 women (mean age +/- SD, 42.3 +/- 12.4 yr; range, 19-74 yr), with an overall mean age +/- SD of 42.6 +/- 12.5 years. All 53 adrenal tumors were confirmed by surgery and pathology. In our series, 41 (77.4%) tumors were functional, of which 39 (95%) were benign; 12 (22.6%) tumors were nonfunctional, of which two (16.7%) were malignant. Overall, women were more common than men in our series, especially in Cushing's syndrome and primary aldosteronism (female:male ratio, 4 and 1.9, respectively). Of the 41 functional adrenal tumors, 20 were primary aldosteronism, 10 were Cushing's syndrome, 10 were pheochromocytoma, and one was an androgen-producing tumor. Of the 12 nonfunctional adrenal tumors, all of which presented as adrenal incidentalomas, four were cortical adenoma, three were myelolipoma, two were ganglioneuroma, one was an adrenal cyst, one was an adrenocortical carcinoma, and one was a metastatic carcinoma. Overall, 48 patients underwent adrenalectomy, three underwent partial adrenalectomy for small and well-circumscribed tumors, and two were explored. The diagnosis and management of adrenal tumors is discussed and the literature reviewed.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗