Biomedical subjects

Chetan Jinadatha

Publications and source records attributed to Chetan Jinadatha.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2026

Use of Whole Genome Sequencing to Investigate the Risk for Transmission of Clostridioides difficile From Prior Room Occupants: A Single-Center Study.

BACKGROUND: Admission to a room previously occupied by a patient with Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) has been identified as a risk factor for CDI. However, previous studies have not included molecular typing to definitively link healthcare-associated CDI (HA-CDI) cases to prior room occupants. METHODS: In a hospital and affiliated long-term care facility, we conducted a 1-year cohort study to determine if exposure to a room previously occupied by a CDI patient and/or with environmental contamination after cleaning and disinfection in the past 3 months was associated with an increased risk of HA-CDI. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess risk factors for HA-CDI. Whole genome sequencing was used to determine the relatedness of HA-CDI isolates and isolates from prior CDI cases or environmental surfaces. RESULTS: Of 5,746 admitted patients, 55 were diagnosed with HA-CDI. Exposure to a room previously occupied by a CDI patient and/or with a positive post-discharge culture was not associated with an increased risk of HA-CDI (adjusted odds ratio 1.15, 95% confidence interval 0.65-1.98; P=0.62). None of the 21 HA-CDI patients with prior room-level exposures were infected with isolates genomically related to isolates from prior room occupants with CDI or from room surfaces. Five HA-CDI cases were linked to prior CDI patients or environmental isolates on the same ward or without ward-level exposure. CONCLUSION: Despite frequent exposure to rooms previously occupied by CDI patients or contaminated with C. difficile, no HA-CDI cases were linked to prior room exposures in a facility using sporicidal disinfectants in CDI rooms.

Clostridioides difficile↗

PubMed2026

Genome sequence of Raoultella ornithinolytica from urine isolates.

Raoultella ornithinolytica was isolated from a patient's urine. This strain was misidentified as Klebsiella oxytoca by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF), but whole-genome sequencing identified it as Raoultella ornithinolytica and detected Raoultella-specific hdc gene. This isolate showed beta-lactams, fluoroquinolones, and tetracycline resistance. Here, we report the genome and antimicrobial susceptibility of this strain.

MALDI-TOF↗

PubMed2026

Plasmid-mediated dissemination of blaKPC-3 and multidrug resistance genes among different species of Klebsiella.

Carbapenem resistance is a serious threat to public health because carbapenems are used as last-resort antibiotics. Carbapenem resistance gene KPC (Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase) inactivates a broad range of β-lactam substrates. In this manuscript, we examined intra-host transmission of blaKPC-3 via interspecies gene transfer. Two carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates and one Klebsiella michiganensis isolate were identified from two patients. Genetic relations of these isolates were investigated with whole-genome sequencing (WGS). Hybrid assembly of bacterial genomes showed the three isolates carried plasmids that harbor common antimicrobial resistance (AMR) gene clusters that confer multidrug-class resistance, including carbapenems. Our results suggest that AMR gene clusters are disseminated across the species as fragments rather than as complete, intact plasmids.IMPORTANCEAn antimicrobial resistance gene cluster encompassing multiple drug classes on plasmids could lead a drug-susceptible pathogen to gain multidrug resistance. Interspecies gene transfer enables K. michiganensis to become multidrug-resistant through the acquisition of clustered, plasmid-encoded resistance genes spanning multiple antibiotic classes.

Plasmids↗

PubMed2025

The efficacy of a filtered handheld far-ultraviolet disinfection device for decontamination of high-touch surfaces in healthcare settings: a genomic bacterial analysis.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Enhanced environmental disinfection is linked to reduced hospital-acquired infection rates. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of an emerging disinfection technology, a filtered far-UV-C handheld (FFUHH) device, for reducing bacterial loads on high-touch surfaces in shared clinical workrooms, and to isolate, identify and characterize clinically significant environmental pathogens. METHODS: We compared samples from high-touch items (dictation device, mouse, armchair, desk, and keyboard) before and after FFUHH treatment. Samples were collected weekly: contact plates for colony counts and swabs before and after intervention on standardized adjacent areas for each surface, respectively. The swabs were enriched and cultured on selective media to isolate pathogens. Environmental samples, as well as clinical samples collected from patients during the study period, were validated using MALDI-TOF and whole genome sequencing. RESULTS: Among the 440 collected plates (220 before and 220 after treatment), the highest mean colony count pre-treatment was detected from armchairs, and the lowest from keyboards. The mean reduction of colony-forming units ranged 53% and 83% and was statistically significant (P < 0.05) across all surfaces except for the keyboard. We characterized multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis ST5 and ST16 strains, a carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, and a Klebsiella pneumoniae genetically related to a clinical isolate with a rare sequence type not previously detected in our institution. CONCLUSION: The FFUHH effectively reduced the microbial burden on high-touch surfaces. It can offer an advantage for surface disinfection and an alternative to routinely used biocides.

Humans↗