Biomedical subjects

Celinda M Reese

Publications and source records attributed to Celinda M Reese.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2004

Practical memory concerns in adulthood.

In this article, we focus on practical memory concerns in adulthood. Young, middle-aged, and community-dwelling older adults responded to seven open-ended questions covering the topics of memory self-efficacy, memory management, memory remediation, and fears about memory aging in adulthood. The results revealed several similarities among the age groups. All groups reported the same types of information as easy to recall, and responses across age groups were also largely alike in terms of mnemonics usage, forgetting that is bothersome, and forgetting that is not bothersome. Differences between the age groups were most evident in responses related to types of information that are difficult to recall, areas of memory where improvement is desired, and fears of memory aging. Implications for understanding adult memory concerns and memory beliefs across the adult lifespan are discussed.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Do adults with mental retardation show pictorial superiority effects in recall and recognition?

We examined memory for pictures and words in adults with mental retardation and a control group of adults of normal intelligence. During acquisition, sets of simple line drawings and matching words were presented for study using an intentional learning procedure. The principle dependent measures were free recall and recognition. Measures of working memory span were also administered. Pictorial superiority effects occurred in free recall and recognition for both intelligence-level groups. Correlational analyses indicated that working memory span was primarily related to recall performance, irrespective of stimulus format. These data strongly suggest that persons with mental retardation can utilize nonverbal memory codes to support long-term retention as effectively as do adults of normal intelligence.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Pictorial illustrations enhance memory for sentences in younger and older adults.

In these studies, the authors examined the effects of verbal and pictorial illustrations on younger and older adults' recall of the content of short sentences. During acquisition, base and elaborated sentences were presented under one of three encoding conditions: (a) sentences only; (b) sentences with matching pictures; (c) incomplete sentences with matching pictures. At test, participants recalled the main action of the sentences. Base sentences were recalled more often than elaborated sentences when strict scoring criteria were used. However, older adults showed a recall advantage for elaborated sentences compared to base sentences when lenient scoring criteria were applied. Positive effects of pictorial illustrations occurred for both age groups. Implications for the design of instructional formats to improve older adults' retention of textual material are discussed.

Adult↗