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Carl-Albrecht Haensch

Publications and source records attributed to Carl-Albrecht Haensch.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Valproic acid induced encephalopathy--19 new cases in Germany from 1994 to 2003--a side effect associated to VPA-therapy not only in young children.

Valproic acid (VPA) is a broad-spectrum antiepileptic drug and is usually well-tolerated. Rare serious complications may occur in some patients, including haemorrhagic pancreatitis, bone marrow suppression, VPA-induced hepatotoxicity and VPA-induced encephalopathy. The typical signs of VPA-induced encephalopathy are impaired consciousness, sometimes marked EEG background slowing, increased seizure frequency, with or without hyperammonemia. There is still no proof of causative effect of VPA in patients with encephalopathy, but only of an association with an assumed causal relation. We report 19 patients with VPA-associated encephalopathy in Germany from the years 1994 to 2003, none of whom had been published previously.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Beat-to-beat blood pressure analysis after premature ventricular contraction indicates sensitive baroreceptor dysfunction in Parkinson's disease.

Extrasystoles occur in normal subjects but are significant more frequently (16.25% vs. 55%; chi(2) = 19.3; P < 0.001) seen in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. The extrasystolic decreases in stroke volume and systolic pressure activate sympathetic vasomotor innervation and lead to a blood pressure increase for a few heartbeats. The purpose of this study was to prove whether the short time analysis of this blood pressure regulation allows the assessment of sympathetic neurocirculatory function. Records of noninvasive blood pressure monitoring were reviewed from 40 PD patients and 80 controls. A battery of cardiovascular autonomic tests, including Valsalva maneuver, tilt-table testing, echocardiography, and cardiac scintigraphy with [(123)I]meta-iodobenzylguanidine were performed. Fifty-five percent of the PD patients had at least one premature ventricular contraction (PVC) in 10 minutes lying supine at rest. After every PVC (13 PVCs) recorded from normal subjects, we found an increase in systolic blood pressure above base line with a maximum at the seventh heart beat. In all of the 22 PD patients, the systolic blood pressure was significantly decreased less than baseline in every PVC from the second to the ninth postextrasystolic beat (P < 0.001). In both groups, the extrasystolic fall in blood pressure was on average approximately 22%. The postextrasystolic potentiation did not differ (5.3% vs. 4.4%, not significant). If a PVC occurs, the analysis of short-time blood pressure regulation is a sensitive tool for baroreceptor reflex function. The advantage of this method results from the independence of patients cooperation and the high sensitivity to prove a sympathetic neurocirculatory failure within 10 heart beats.

3-Iodobenzylguanidine↗
PubMed2006

Autonomic dysfunction in multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most frequent chronic neurological disease affecting young persons in developed countries. MS is, however, considered as a secondary cause, of central origin, for autonomic dysfunction. The most common autonomic symptoms in MS are disorders of micturation, impotence, sudomotor and gastrointestinal disturbances, orthostatic intolerance as well as sleep disorders. The majority of the patients suffer at some period of the disease from lower urinary tract symptoms and sexual dysfunction. Awareness and treatment of these conditions is vital to improving health and quality of life in patients with MS. The increased understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms in autonomic dysfunction in MS, along with technological and pharmaceutical developments has advanced our ability to treat the multiple aspects complicating autonomic failure in MS.

Autonomic Dysreflexia↗
PubMed2006

Multiple sclerosis and the autonomic nervous system.

Symptoms related to alterations of the autonomic nervous system are frequent in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Bladder or bowel dysfunction or impairment of sexual performance is highly distressing for most MS patients,whereas the clinical relevance of other autonomic symptoms is less clear. Cardiovascular autonomic alterations might relate to clinical signs such as orthostatic intolerance; a relationship with fatigue is uncertain. However, the frequency of abnormal findings in tests for the cardiovascular autonomic system varies due to the lack of standardized test performance or differentially used cut-off values. The incidence of additional symptoms such as pupillomotor or sweating alterations and especially their relationship to overall autonomic nervous system abnormalities is not well known. Although their impact on daily life is low, they can at least serve as diagnostic tools. Beside these clinical aspects, alterations of the autonomic nervous system have also been reported to alter immunological cascades in experimental conditions. However, corresponding results have not been confirmed in clinical trials yet.

Autonomic Nervous System↗
PubMed2006

Valproic acid-induced hepatopathy: nine new fatalities in Germany from 1994 to 2003.

PURPOSE: Valproic acid (VPA) is an antiepileptic drug (AED) commonly used for generalized and focal epilepsies. We provide an update on hepatotoxic side effects in Germany between 1994 and 2003. METHODS: We mailed a questionnaire to all members of the German Section of the International League Against Epilepsy, asking for VPA-induced side effects, especially severe side effects such as hepatopathy. RESULTS: As a result of our questionnaire, we found 31 cases of reversible hepatotoxicity and nine cases of lethal hepatopathies in Germany from 1994 to 2003. CONCLUSIONS: The outcome of patients with severe hepatotoxicity is better than that in the past. The risk of a VPA-induced hepatopathy is not limited to patients younger than 2 years, receiving polytherapy, or patients with congenital or acquired metabolic diseases.

Adolescent↗