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Biomedical subjects

C de Vos

Publications and source records attributed to C de Vos.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

Effect of oral and inhaled cetirizine in allergen induced bronchoconstriction.

Cetirizine is a potent, selective H1 histamine receptor antagonist. The effect of oral and inhaled cetirizine was assessed on the early bronchoconstrictor response to inhaled allergen in 10 mild atopic asthmatic patients in a double-blind, randomized, placebo controlled trial. All were sensitive to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and this was used as the provoking allergen. The geometric mean PD20 FEV1 values obtained at allergen challenge were measured as cumulative breath units (c.b.u.) and following oral cetirizine, inhaled cetirizine and placebo were 124.5, 75.7 and 76.7 c.b.u. respectively. These did not differ significantly. We conclude that neither oral nor inhaled cetirizine significantly attenuates the early response to inhaled allergen in atopic asthmatic subjects. However, the method of repeated allergen challenge is likely to be relatively insensitive.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1991

Cetirizine: more than an antihistamine?

Cetirizine, a metabolite of hydroxyzine, is an antihistamine with as distinguishing features: 1) exquisite anti-H1 specificity: cetirizine appears unique in being devoid of action on receptors other than the H1 receptor; 2) potency: at unit dose it is the most potent antihistamine in the skin and the lung; 3) absence of metabolism. These three characteristics suggest that cetirizine be considered the choice H1 antagonist for experiments on the immediate allergic reaction. Cetirizine additionally in vitro inhibits the migration of eosinophils, and in vivo, in the skin, the infiltration by eosinophils that is characteristic for the late phase allergic reaction. Other antihistamines are less active or inactive with respect to this property. According to several lines of evidence, the effect of cetirizine on eosinophils is unlikely to be due to H1 antagonism, but is more likely a novel property of the compound.

Allergens↗
PubMed1989

Substance P activation of bronchoalveolar macrophages from asthmatic patients and normal subjects.

The role of substance P in the pathogenesis of asthma is unclear. Animal studies suggest that it may be important, whereas human studies do not confirm this. Alveolar macrophages can be recovered easily by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and stimulated in vitro. To assess the role of substance P in humans, we tested its ability to stimulate alveolar macrophages from six normal subjects and seven asthmatic patients. BAL cells were separated by adherence and alveolar macrophages constituted 95% of the adherent cell population. Four concentrations of substance P were used (10(-7), 10(-6), 10(-5), 10(-4) M). To assess the non-specific activation of alveolar macrophages we used three concentrations of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) (5, 10, 20 micrograms/ml). The stimulation of alveolar macrophages was assessed by the release of thromboxane B2 by radioimmunoassay. This study indicates that alveolar macrophages are stimulated by LPS but are poorly activated or not at all by substance P.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Inhibiting effect of cetirizine on histamine-induced and 48/80-induced wheals and flares, experimental dermographism, and cold-induced urticaria.

A single oral dose of cetirizine, 10 mg, a new H1 antagonist with minimal sedative effects and devoid of anticholinergic activities, was administered to eight healthy subjects. It markedly inhibited the wheal and flare induced 4 hours later by intracutaneously injected histamine and compound 48/80. Dermographism was produced by different pressures (100 to 500 gm/15 mm2) in 10 patients with factitial urticaria. Four hours after 10 mg of cetirizine, the whealing was absent in eight patients and markedly reduced in the other two subjects. In 12 patients with cold urticaria, wheals were induced by 30 seconds to 12 minutes application of an ice cube. Four hours after 10 mg of cetirizine, the urticarial reaction had disappeared in five patients and was decreased in the other patients. No itching was experienced in any of the patients after cetirizine, but the tested areas had an erythema lasting for 20 to 60 minutes.

Adult↗