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Biomedical subjects

C Yorke

Publications and source records attributed to C Yorke.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

Anna Freud's contributions to our knowledge of child development. An overview.

Anna Freud's contribution to our understanding of child development, normal and abnormal, is so substantial, extensive, diverse, and rich in its implications that its summary is beyond the scope of a single presentation. Accordingly this paper concentrates on some contributions that have especially influenced the author, on later, comparatively neglected writings, and on works that looked at what had gone before as well as what lay ahead. But, it is argued, Anna Freud's contributions cannot be assessed simply in terms of her writings. The creation of the Hampstead Child Therapy Course and Clinic, along with its leadership and the stimulation it gave to others both there and world wide, is regarded as her greatest achievement.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Diagnosis in clinical practice. Its relationship to psychoanalytic theory.

The rapidly growing diversity of psychoanalytic clinical practice calls for a reexamination of its relationship to psychoanalytic theory. This is as strikingly evident in the field of diagnosis as it is elsewhere. Many analysts bring together their clinical observations in a clinical theory that may appear to fit their clinical findings well. But a clinical theory is not to be identified with a theory of the way the mind works (metapsychology), and an attempt is made, in what follows, to clarify the relationship between the two. It is argued that an uncritical attachment to clinical theories unsupported by metapsychological understanding has been furthered by two main longstanding developments: "object relations" theory and the extension of the clinical concept of transference. A misapplication of Freud's structural model may, in part, have contributed to these developments. This argument, and matters related to it, is pursued in some detail in respect to problems of psychoanalytic diagnosis, with special reference to some of Anna Freud's contributions to the field that seem to be somewhat neglected. Finally, in pointing to metapsychology as a check to clinical speculation, some of the illustrations are drawn from psychoanalytic treatment material, on the grounds that psychoanalytic work with the patient can be viewed in terms of continuing diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Freud's psychology. Can it survive?

The increasing diversity of, and disparities between, psychoanalytic theories raises the question of whether, and to what extent, these various formulations remain firmly rooted in Freud's basic psychoanalytic concepts. Many analysts believe that these theories exemplify "unity in diversity." This view is contested in this paper. It is argued that Freud's basic concepts are his metapsychological concepts which, although capable of modification in the light of fresh clinical and theoretical findings are, in their fundamentals, indispensable. It is contended that it is precisely these fundamentals that are dislodged or put at risk by a great deal of current psychoanalytic thinking, and that it is in this (negative) respect that many diverse approaches are in concert. The argument is pursued with special reference to infant observational research, contemporary affect theory, and the neuroscience of Luria.

Freudian Theory↗
PubMed1994

Freud or Klein: conflict or compromise.

There have been some striking changes in Kleinian technique since the Freud-Klein controversies of fifty years ago. Some of these changes suggest unacknowledged shifts in underlying theory. Some may imply a measure of reversion to Freudian practices, but it is far from clear that such changes apply to the analysis of children. Others--most importantly in the understanding and handling of transference--have widened the existing gulf between the two psychological systems. While Klein herself unswervingly took a global view of transference, regarding it as 'the total situation', the majority of Kleinians have extended this broad clinical concept to include its manifestations in countertransference phenomena. Although, for the most part, Freudians agree that transference phenomena pervade the clinical situation, they take the view that a portmanteau concept obscures the rich variety and diversity of transference, and in doing so fails to take full account of the many forms and intricacies of psychic conflict. This view is illustrated by material from child analysis. It is argued that, where basic differences of clinical practice and the theoretical understanding on which it is based are beyond resolution, it is in the interests of both groups to acknowledge the fact.

Child↗
PubMed1990

The development and functioning of the sense of shame.

An extensive literature on shame has not yet sufficiently addressed the nature and functioning of this affect from the psychoanalytic, developmental point of view. This paper tries to lay the ground for such a task.

Child↗
PubMed1980

Microsurgical Vascular Decompression for Trigeminal Neuralgia and Hemifacial Spasm.

Vascular cross-compression of cranial nerves has been proposed as the cause of cranial neuropathies, including trigeminal neuralgia and hemifacial spasm. Over the last decade we have used microsurgical vascular decompression to treat these two disorders. Results in 50 patients treated for trigeminal neuralgia have been excellent in 42, good in 5 and poor in 2; and 1 patient was cured after a second operation. Results in 22 patients treated for hemifacial spasm have been excellent in 18, good in 2 and fair in 1. One patient died. There were no late recurrences of symptoms. The pathophysiological mechanisms of trigeminal neuralgia and hemifacial spasm remain unknown.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Computed tomography in leptomeningeal spread of tumor.

Computed tomography proved insensitive to leptomeningeal spread of hematologic malignancies including leukemia, lymphoma, and malignant histiocytosis. In only 3% of patients did it directly demonstrate leptomeningeal tumor. In comparison, the detection rate of leptomeningeal tumor secondary to carcinoma was 44% and for melanoma, 100%. Intracranial subarachnoid seeding from primary brain gliomas was detected in each instance. The simultaneous presence of parenchymal metastases with leptomeningeal carcinomatosis occurred in 18% of patients with nonhematologic malignancies. Computed tomography evidence of communicating hydrocephalus, previously thought to be a major factor in clinical symptomatology, occurred in only 11% of patients.

Adult↗