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Biomedical subjects

C Y Hong

Publications and source records attributed to C Y Hong.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Influence of lipid solubility on the sperm immobilizing effect of beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs.

1 Sperm immobilizing effects of five beta-adrenoceptor blockers were measured on six human semen samples with a trans-membrane migration method. 2 The concentrations which decreased sperm motility to 50% of control (ED50) were 0.8, 4.2, 6.2, 11.0 and 33.0 mM for propranolol, oxprenolol, metoprolol, acebutolol and sotalol respectively. 3 There was a linear correlation between the log values of ED50 and the log partition coefficients of these beta-adrenoceptor blockers. 4 Because the lipid solubility determines the sperm immobilizing potencies of beta-adrenoceptor blockers, we support the theory that beta-adrenoceptor blockers inhibit sperm motility by stabilizing the cellular membrane. 5 The clinical implication of this finding is that more lipid soluble drugs are likely to have more interference on sperm function, at least when they are used locally.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1982

Comparison of the inhibitory action of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and petroleum spirit extract of herbal cannabis on human sperm motility.

1 Using the trans-membrane migration method to measure drug effects on human sperm motility, it is found that delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol is the major constituent of cannabis which inhibits sperm motility and unlike the cataleptic effect, other constituents in the petroleum spirit extract do not potentiate this effect significantly. 2 It is suggested that the mechanisms for sperm immobilization and cataleptic effects are different.

Cannabis↗
PubMed1979

Echocardiographic screening to assess the severity of congenital aortic valve stenosis in children.

Recent reports suggest that peak left ventricular systolic pressure can be estimated from the echocardiogram. This study compares the accuracy of echocardiographic measurements with clinical estimates of severity of aortic stenosis derived from information of the Joint Natural History Study. Twenty-seven children with isolated aortic valve stensosis were evaluated clinically and with echocardiography and cardiac catheterization. From the echocardiograms, the ratio of systolic left ventricular wall thickness to internal dimension (Ws/Ds) showed a better correlation (r = 0.82) with peak left ventricular systolic pressure than did the diastolic ratio. However, there was significant variation so that a precise estimate of peak left ventricular systolic pressure could not be made from the echocardiogram. Eight of the 27 patients had a normal Ws/Ds ratio (0.55 or less), and their cardiac catheterization data revealed mild aortic stenosis not requiring operation. In contrast, clinical criteria based on the Natural History Study identified only three of the patients with mild aortic stenosis. Prospective studies are needed to confirm the usefulness of echocardiography in noninvasive evaluation of children with aortic valve stenosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[A trial on nutritionally forced mating of conventional glutamate-producing bacteria].

By nutritionally forced mating, we tried to find the sex factor in glutamate producing bacteria with some auxtrophic mutants of Corynebacterium glutamicum, Micrococcus glutamicus and Brevibacterium divaricatum. We failed to find true mates in this trial, even when the cells cured by acridine orange were used to mate with non-cured ones. There were some positive growth when two densed cell suspensions were dropped on the minimum medium, but after subcultured on the minimum medium no growth was found. It seem likely that the bacteria used here, at least, require an enforced cell adhesion, unless true mating is not feasible. The evidence that Corynebacterium renale has pili might be an interesting reference, but we could not find pili in the bacteria used here.

Acridine Orange↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Discovery of gemifloxacin (Factive, LB20304a): a quinolone of a new generation.

Novel quinolone antibacterials, which bear an alkyloxime substituent in the 4-position and an aminomethyl substituent in the 3-position of the pyrrolidine ring, have been designed and synthesized. These fluoroquinolones were found to possess extremely potent antimicrobial activity against gram-positive organisms including resistant strains such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Among these compounds our development candidate, Gemifloxacin (Factive, LB20304a), showed the best in vivo efficacy and pharmacokinetic profile in animals, as well as good safety pharmacological properties. Gemifloxacin was found to be especially effective against respiratory tract infections that account for over 70% of all infections. With once-a-day dosage, potency against respiratory tract infections such as chronic bronchitis and pneumonia was ensured without any significant side effect. In December 1999, Gemifloxacin filed a NDA for marketing approval to the US Food and Drug Administration.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A population-based prevalence survey of skin diseases in adolescents and adults in rural Sumatra, Indonesia, 1999.

Skin disorders are one of the most common presenting health problems and pose a considerable public health problem in developing and developed countries. A population-based survey (n = 917) was conducted in October and November 1999 to determine the prevalence of skin diseases in 3 rural villages in Indonesia (Riau province, Sumatra). The overall individual response rate was 96%. Household interviews were conducted to obtain information on skin conditions, basic socio-demographic factors and lifestyle habits. Trained doctors performed a thorough clinical skin examination of each subject in the household. The overall prevalence of skin disease in the 3 villages was 28.2% (95% confidence intervals 24.6-31.8). The prevalence of fungal infections (12.0%) was twice as high as dermatitis (5.1%). As skin conditions are common in rural Indonesia, it is advisable to improve the training of nurses and doctors in the prevention and treatment of skin disorders.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Urinary protein excretion in Type 2 diabetes with complications.

This study examined the association between urinary markers of early diabetic nephropathy and non-renal diabetic complications in 946 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The association with hypertension was also studied. Data on macrovascular complications (ischaemic heart disease, stroke, peripheral vascular disease) and microvascular complications (retinopathy, peripheral neuropathy) were obtained from case records and clinical examination. Urine samples collected were analysed for albumin, beta(2)-microglobulin, retinol-binding protein (RBP), and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG). Results showed that urinary albumin, RBP and beta(2)-microglobulin levels were higher in patients with macro- and/or microvascular complications, compared to those without. NAG levels were higher only in patients with both types of complications. A higher proportion of patients with complications had abnormally raised urinary protein and enzyme levels, compared to those without. Patients with associated hypertension had higher urinary levels of albumin and beta(2)-microglobulin, regardless of whether complications were present or not. RBP excretion was, however, markedly higher only in patients with microvascular complications, whereas hypertension did not influence NAG excretion. Urine albumin and RBP excretion were predictive of microvascular, as well as both macrovascular and microvascular complications, whereas NAG excretion was predictive of macro- and microvascular complications. These findings could mean that increased urinary protein and enzyme excretion were associated with more severe disease in these patients.

Acetylglucosamine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Markers of diabetic nephropathy.

It is well established that the detection of microalbuminuria in a patient with diabetes mellitus indicates the presence of glomerular involvement in early renal damage. Recent studies have demonstrated that there is also a tubular component to renal complications of diabetes, as shown by the detection of renal tubular proteins and enzymes in the urine. In fact, tubular involvement may precede glomerular involvement, as several of these tubular proteins and enzymes are detectable even before the appearance of microalbuminuria. This review looks at the studies reported so far on serum and urinary markers of diabetic nephropathy, both glomerular and tubular, and their roles in the early detection of renal damage. The advantages and disadvantages of some of these markers are also discussed. The markers reviewed include (1) glomerular--transferrin, fibronectin, and other components of glomerular extracellular matrix, and (2) tubular--low molecular weight proteins (beta 2 microglobulin, retinol binding protein, alpha 1 microglobulin, urine protein 1), other proteins such as Tamm-Horsfall protein, beta 2 glycoprotein-1, urinary enzymes (N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase, cholinesterase, gamma glutamyltranspeptidase, alanine aminopeptidase), and tubular brush-border antigen.

Albuminuria↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Two plasminogen activators, streptokinase and urokinase, stimulate human sperm motility.

The stimulatory effects of two plasminogen activators, namely streptokinase and urokinase, were measured with a trans-membrane migration method. Both drugs induced maximal motility increase at a concentration of 200 international unit/ml; the amplitude of maximal motility increase ranged from 17% to 19% of control. Although their stimulatory effects were much less than those of calcium regulating agents, the clinical application of these two drugs for improving the successful rate of artificial insemination deserves further investigation because the action site is seminal plasma rather than sperm.

Dose-Response Relationship, Drug↗