Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

C Y Chang

Publications and source records attributed to C Y Chang.

288 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Radiologic and pathologic correlation of adenomyomatosis of the gallbladder.

BACKGROUND: To demonstrate the radiologic-pathologic correlation of adenomyomatosis of gallbladder (GBA) and emphasize the role of high-resolution real-time ultrasound (RTUS) in the diagnosis of GBA. METHODS: Ten (four male and six female, mean age = 49 years) patients with proven GBA (three diffuse, three segmental, and four fundal) diagnosed by histopathology or confirmed by oral cholecystography (OCG) were reviewed. Radiologic studies included OCG (n = 8), RTUS (n = 8), and computed tomography (CT; n = 4). Six patients subsequently underwent cholecystectomy. RESULTS: Histopathologic correlation between pathologic specimens and OCG, RTUS, and CT was possible in six patients. The diagnostic criteria with ultrasound included numerous tiny intramural cysts containing echogenic foci with reverberation artifacts and associated segmental or diffuse gallbladder wall thickening. OCG with fatty meal demonstrated intramural diverticula. Localized fundal GBA was better visualized on RTUS and CT scan than on OCG. CONCLUSION: Accurate diagnosis of GBA may be made by either OCG or high-resolution RTUS preoperatively. CT scan may used as an alternative method to help make the diagnosis in equivocal cases.

Adenomyoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Syndrome of intermetamorphosis: a new perspective.

Capgras syndrome is an often reported misidentification syndrome. In contrast, the syndrome of intermetamorphosis has been rarely reported. We describe three new cases of the syndrome of intermetamorphosis and propose a new nomenclature that may further systematic study of misidentification syndromes.

Alcoholism↗
PubMedDate not supplied

CT and myelogram findings of os odontoideum.

We reviewed the findings of CT and myelogram of cases of os odontoideum. The diagnosis was confirmed by conventional tomogram in all these cases. Four cases were further confirmed by trans-oral decompression. Cartilage was found between the os odontoideum and the odontoid process during operation in these 4 cases. Four of them had no history of trauma and 2 of them had an associated anomaly; one was Down's syndrome, and the other was barrel chest and congenital dislocation of hips. CT findings of os odontoideum in these cases were a constriction and/or a gap of bony structure between the os odontoideum and the odontoid process. Myelograms showed spinal stenosis as a result of atlanto-axial dislocation, or anterior extradural compression from overgrown cartilage and posteriorly dislocated tip of shortened odontoid process.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fat-suppressed three-dimensional fast spoiled gradient-recalled echo imaging: a modified FS 3D SPGR technique for assessment of patellofemoral joint chondromalacia.

Fast fat-suppressed (FS) three-dimensional (3D) spoiled gradient-recalled echo (SPGR) imaging of 64 articular cartilage regions in 16 patellofemoral joints was evaluated to assess its feasibility in diagnosing patellofemoral chondromalacia. It demonstrated good correlation with arthroscopic reports and took about half of the examination time that FS 3D SPGR did. This modified, faster technique has the potential to diagnose patellofemoral chondromalacia with shorter examination time than FS 3D SPGR did.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Transurethral resection of the prostate-related changes in the prostate gland: correlation of MRI and histopathology.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this work was to demonstrate signal changes of the prostatic urethra after transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) on MR images and histopathologic correlation. METHOD: Sixty-three patients with prostate cancer confirmed by either TURP (Group A, 19 patients) or transrectal biopsy (Group B, 44 patients) were evaluated by endorectal MRI before radical prostatectomies. The MR images of postcurettaged prostatic urethras were correlated with the histopathologic features. RESULTS: On the T2-weighted images, a thin zone of hypointense signal surrounding the curettaged prostatic urethra was identified in 52.6% (10/19) of Group A patients, imaged soon after (mean 21.1 days) TURP, but was indiscernible in Group B patients and the other Group A patients, imaged later after TURP (mean 49.2 days). This hypointense signal zone histopathologically correlates with a zone of inflammatory tissue reaction surrounding the widened urethra. CONCLUSION: Inflammatory tissue reaction surrounding curettaged prostatic urethra after TURP accounts for the presence of a low signal zone on T2-weighted images.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

MR perfusion studies of brain for patients with unilateral carotid stenosis or occlusion: evaluation of maps of "time to peak" and "percentage of baseline at peak".

Maps of "time to peak" (TTP) and "percentage of baseline at peak" (PBP) were compared with maps of conventional brain perfusion parameters, namely, mean transit time (MTT) and relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV). We performed MR perfusion studies in 11 patients. All of them had occlusion or high-grade stenosis of the unilateral carotid artery. Three areas of old infarct, 4 areas of new infarct, and 10 areas of brain without infarct were evaluated specifically. In all these cases, the TTP maps appeared similar to the MTT maps. They showed increases, normal values, or decreases at the same time in all areas evaluated. Most areas of abnormally decreased CBV had increased signal in PBP maps. In conclusion, the TTP map provided the same qualitative information as MTT. PBP seemed correlated inversely to CBV and was less sensitive in demonstrating abnormality.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Distribution of the carbohydrate antigens, DU-PAN-2 and CA19-9, in tumors of the lung.

AIMS AND BACKGROUND: The carbohydrate chains of malignant cells appear to be related to oncofetal differentiation. The serum levels of CA19-9 have been reported to be evaluated in some patients with lung carcinomas, however, the distribution of carbohydrate antigens were not precisely described. We have investigated in this study the distribution of DU-PAN-2 and CA19-9 antigens in lung tumors. METHODS: Ninety five specimens of lung tumors were selected from surgical specimens. The expression of DU-PAN-2 and CA19-9 were studied by immunohystochemical techniques. The relationship between the expression of these antigens and the classification or the differentiation degree of the tumors were examined. RESULTS: DU-PAN-2 or CA19-9 antigens were detected in 41 (54%) and 45 (59%) cases of the 76 malignant epithelial tumors investigated. These antigens were detected in all types of malignant epithelial tumors, including squamous cell carcinomas, where they were mainly localized to the entire cell surface of malignant cells. In adenocarcinomas, large cell carcinomas and small cell carcinomas, however, these antigens were commonly detected both on the cell membrane and in the cytoplasm. There was positive correlation between the degree of differentiation and DU-PAN-2, but not CA19-9 expression. Among the non-epithelial tumors investigated, those antigens were detected in pulmonary blastomas but not in mesotheliomas. CONCLUSIONS: Immunohistochemical studies for DU-PAN-2 and CA19-9 are useful for defining characteristics of the lung tumors. DU-PAN-2 could be a marker for differentiating between malignant epithelial tumors and mesotheliomas.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma presenting as sinistral portal hypertension: an unusual presentation of pancreatic cancer.

A rare syndrome, sinistral (left-sided) portal hypertension resulting from splenic vein thrombosis secondary to pancreatic adenocarcinoma of the tail is presented here. Pancreatic cancer is notorious for presenting with vague and nonspecific symptoms, including but not exclusively weight loss, abdominal pain, and anorexia with or without jaundice. However, physicians should be aware that in the presence of splenic vein thrombosis, this finding alone puts pancreatic cancer high on the differential diagnosis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The relationship of clinical severity and roentgenologic findings in beta thalassemia].

There were altogether 68 patients suffered from beta-thalassemia in the Veterans General Hospital from 1979 to 1986. However only 18 patients had abnormal roentgenologic findings. They were 7 males and 11 females. Their ages ranged from 8 months to 47 years with an average of 13 years. Clinically beta-thalassemia was divided into 3 types: 1) thalassemia major, 2) thalassemia intermediate, 3) thalassemia minor. The osteoporosis, hepatosplenomegaly, and extramedullary hematopoiesis with pseudo-tumor formation. We concluded that the roentgenologic manifestation of the patient was more in patients with major or intermediate type.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Underestimation of monoclonal proteins by agarose serum protein electrophoresis.

The effect of serum dilution on monoclonal protein quantitation by serum protein electrophoresis (SPE) on the agarose gel Paragon system was investigated in 388 serum samples from 106 patients with Ig G monoclonal gammopathy. It was found that the pre-electrophoretic 1:5 serum dilution recommended by the manufacturer was adequate for some but not all sera, especially those with the highest M-protein concentrations. As a result of the inadequate dilution, 232 (60 percent) of the 388 samples had M-protein concentrations that were significantly underestimated and the corresponding albumin concentrations overestimated. By Paragon SPE, the mean albumin concentration in these 232 sera was 41.8 (SD 6.7) g/L. After further dilution of these sera, the mean albumin concentration was 36.7 (SD 6.8) g/L and was, in each case, always less than that in the corresponding 1:5 diluted serum. By the bromcresol green (BCG) dye-binding method, the albumin concentration was 34.9 (SD 4.3) g/L. Similarly, the M-protein concentration for 1:5 diluted sera was 51.9 (SD 12.9) g/L vs. 59.1 (SD 16.1) g/L for the further diluted sera, with the M-protein concentration in each further diluted sample always exceeding that in the corresponding 1:5 diluted serum. Underestimation of the M-protein concentration limits its clinical utilization in evaluating the patient's response to therapy and for early detection of disease progression. A recommendation was made of a 1:10 dilution of sera that contain total protein from 91 g/L to 114 g/L and a 1:20 dilution of sera in which the protein content is in the range of 115 g/L to 152 g/L to insure accurate estimation of protein fractions by Paragon SPE.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pathogenic analysis of Aeromonas hydrophila septicemia.

Aeromonas hydrophila has emerged as a potential pathogen in the immunocompromised host. Various aeromonal infections, including septicemia, have also been reported in apparently healthy individuals. For years, researchers have disagreed over the epidemiologic roles of aeromonads in gastroenteritis. Isolation rates of aeromonads by stool culture among patients with gastroenteritis are not consistently high. Carriers of this bacterium also exist. The septicemic course is, however, often fulminant and fatal, and may lack an obvious focus. Pathogenic mechanisms are complex and largely unresolved. The objective of this study is to report the necropsy findings from a uremic patient who presented with typical aeromonal septicemia of obscure origin asking if such investigation could give insight into some of the questions mentioned previously. Western blot immunostaining for aerolysin (beta-hemolysin of aeromonads) was used to evaluate whether or not such a virulence factor is involved in the process of septic dissemination. The autopsy showed that the skin and liver contained microabscesses. The upper gastrointestinal mucosae and spleen contain patchy putrefactive lesions with adjacent focal hemorrhage. Perimortem blood cultures grew Aeromonas hydrophila. A conventional Western blot analysis of the culture supernatant failed to show aerolysin. A control Aeromonas sobia American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) strain produces readily detectable aerolysin. It is concluded that this isolate may be aerolysin-deficient or one secreting low levels of aerolysin; these would require more sensitive methods of detection. The primary focus of infection might be the upper gastrointestinal tract. Other virulence factors including the bacterial proteases and/or phospholipases might be responsible for the pathogenesis of septic dissemination.

Aeromonas hydrophila↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Applicability of direct in situ reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction on bone marrow smears.

In situ reverse transcription (RT)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a promising laboratory tool for biomedical investigation at the molecular level in tissues. Direct in-cell amplification of the breakpoint cluster region (BCR)-Abelson (ABL) fusion transcript of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) has recently been accomplished in Italy using bone marrow mononuclear cell suspensions. The goals of this study are to determine if in situ RT-PCR amplification is possible on bone marrow spirate smears and to demonstrate any unique factors in this procedure. A commercially available method was used because of the existence of published protocols for adaptation. Bone marrow (BM) aspirate smears (n = 17) from patients with CML in blast crisis (positive case material) or other hematological malignancies (negative case material) were evaluated. Satisfactory amplification of the BCR-ABL fusion transcript occurred, and distinct blue cytoplasmic granules that varied in intensity were found in most CML blasts. The negative case materials lacked the specifically amplified granular signals. Overall signal strength and backgrounds were readily affected by the quality of the specimen as well as by changes in assay parameters. In conclusion, the direct in situ RT-PCR technique is applicable for bone marrow aspirate smear evaluation. However, it remains an investigative tool until optimization for sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy can be achieved.

Blast Crisis↗