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Biomedical subjects

C Watanabe

Publications and source records attributed to C Watanabe.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Stenotic lesions and length of the left main coronary artery in the aged.

To evaluate lesions of the left main coronary artery (LM) in the aged, a pathologic study was performed on a total of 972 consecutive autopsy cases over 60 years of age. The study population consisted of 503 men and 469 women with an average age at death of 79.0 years. In this study the degree of narrowing and length of the LM were evaluated in all cases (T), and the 141 cases with normal hearts (N) were compared with the 202 cases with myocardial infarction (MI). The following results were obtained: (1) the average coronary stenotic index (CSI) was 9.1/15 in T, 5.8/15 in N and 11.2/15 in MI (N less than MI, p less than 0.001), (2) the grade of narrowing in the LM (LMG), when 100% obstruction of the LM is counted as 5, was 1.8 +/- 0.9 in T, 1.3 +/- 0.6 in N and 2.3 +/- 1.1 in MI (N less than MI, p less than 0.001). Cases showing more than 75% narrowing of the LM were found in 58 (6%), of which 35 cases belonged to MI, but development of MI directly due to lesions in the LM was found in only 9 patients (4.5% among MI), (3) the average length of the LM (LML) was 9.4 +/- 4.4 mm in T, 9.0 +/- 4.2 mm in N and 9.3 +/- 3.8 mm in MI (N vs MI; n.s.). Cases presenting left coronary artery dominance (n = 82) or a balanced type (n = 159) showed shorter LML than those with right coronary artery dominance (n = 729) (8.5 +/- 4.0 mm, 8.8 +/- 4.6 mm and 9.7 +/- 4.4 mm, respectively, p less than 0.05), (4) in T there was a correlation between the LMG and CSI, but not between the LML and CSI. In conclusion, lesions of the LM in the aged were generally mild and the LMG showed a positive correlation with CSI and the narrowing of each coronary branch, while no relationship was noted between the LML and CSI.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

The complement fixing ability of anti-basement membrane zone IgG subclass of herpes gestationis and bullous pemphigoid.

The antibody activities and complement fixing ability of the IgG subclass antibodies of herpes gestationis (HG) and bullous pemphigoid (BP) antibodies were investigated. IgG was prepared by DEAE Affi-Gel Blue column. IgG3 and IgG 1.2.4 fractions were isolated through Protein-A Sepharose CL-4B column. In HG, neither IgG nor C3 deposits were detected at the basement membrane zone (BMZ) in the skins incubated with IgG3 fractions, although C3 deposits were detected without IgG deposits in the skins incubated with IgG 1.2.4 fractions. In BP, IgG and C3 deposits were detected in the skins incubated with IgG3 fractions, while neither IgG nor C3 deposits were detected in the skins incubated with IgG3 fractions. These findings suggest that IgG3 might not be able to fix complement at BMZ in BP and HG, although there are some reports that complement activating ability of IgG3 is the strongest among IgG subclasses.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Septic shock].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Humans↗
PubMed1988

Dentin resorption mediated by odontoclasts in physiological root resorption of human deciduous teeth.

Extracted human deciduous teeth undergoing physiological root resorption were fixed with a mixture of formaldehyde and glutaraldehyde and processed for scanning (SEM) and analytical transmission electron microscopy, as well as acid trimetaphosphatase cytochemistry. The granulated tissues, which are rich in multinucleated odontoclasts and capillary vessels, formed various resorption lacunae on the resorbing dentin surfaces. SEM observations of dentin surfaces treated with sodium hypochlorite revealed two types of resorption lacunae: deep, round lacunae in which the peritubular matrix of dentinal tubules was strongly dissolved; and shallow, irregular lacunae with intact peritubular matrix. In trypsin-treated materials, the resorption surfaces were characterized by the presence of numerous collagen fibers in both the peritubular and intertubular matrices, suggesting demineralization of the surface dentin. Odontoclasts were characterized by the presence of abundant mitochondria, perinuclear stacks of Golgi membranes, various lysosomes, numerous endocytotic vacuoles, and a well-developed ruffled border against the resorption lacunae. Most endocytotic vacuoles were distributed in the cytoplasm between the ruffled border and the nuclei. In undemineralized ultrathin sections, the surface dentin of resorption lacunae consisted of collagen fibers and apatite crystals and had a lower packing density than those in unresorbed, deeper dentin. Many apatite crystals were demonstrated to be present in the extracellular channels of the ruffled border and in adjacent endocytotic vacuoles derived from it. Lysosomes located in the perinuclear cytoplasm of odontoclasts contained amorphous dense material and/or a small amount of crystals. An energy-dispersive x-ray microanalysis of apatite crystals in undemineralized sections indicated that the energy spectrum peaks of Ca and P detected from crystals in resorbing dentin were much lower than those in unresorbed dentin. Similarly, lower spectrum peaks of Ca and P were obtained from crystals found in the ruffled border and endocytotic vacuoles of odontoclasts. A slight trace Ca peak also was detected in the amorphous dense material in lysosomes of odontoclasts. The enzyme cytochemistry of lysosomal acid trimetaphosphatase indicated that odontoclasts had intense enzymatic activity in the Golgi membranes, endoplasmic reticulum cisternae, lysosomes, and endocytotic vacuoles. Dense reaction precipitates of enzymatic activity also were found along the dentin surfaces of resorption lacunae occupied by odontoclast ruffled borders.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Acid Anhydride Hydrolases↗
PubMed1988

Metallothionein induction by sodium selenite at two different ambient temperatures in mice.

The induction of metallothionein (MT) synthesis by sodium selenite was investigated in mice with regard to the hypothermic response known to be caused by sodium selenite. Mice received a subcutaneous injection of sodium selenite at two doses (20 and 45 mumol/kg) under two ambient temperature (22 and 33 degrees C) conditions. Hepatic MT concentration was significantly increased by an injection of sodium selenite compared to the control, whereas no significant effect of ambient temperature was observed. The distribution of radiolabeled selenium was examined in vivo and in vitro. When sodium selenite was injected into mice, radiolabeled selenium was mostly eluted in a fraction larger in molecular weight than MT and was not found in a fraction corresponding to MT. When sodium selenite was added to the hepatic supernatant of the mice that had been injected with zinc sulfate, zinc in zinc-thionein was not displaced by radiolabeled selenium.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Modification of lethal, hypothermic and hyperphagic effects of sodium selenite by reduced glutathione in mice.

The effects of co-administration of reduced glutathione (GSH) on the lethality of sodium selenite (SS) and on SS-induced hypothermia and hyperphagia were examined in adult male ICR mice. Tissue GSH levels after s.c. injection were also determined. In the plasma, GSH concentration was significantly elevated up to 2 h after injection of 2 mmol/kg of GSH. Little change was observed in liver, and erythrocyte levels, the lethality of SS was enhanced by a similar dose of GSH. This enhancement, however, was observed only when SS was injected during the period when plasma GSH was elevated. These results suggest that the interaction between GSH and SS in plasma was the major contributor to the enhancement of SS toxicity. Hypothermia induced by SS was also enhanced by a 60-fold dose of GSH but not by a 6-fold dose of GSH. With respect to hyperphagia, GSH suppressed the effect of SS, probably because of depressing effect of co-administration of SS an GSH.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Rapid screening method for inhibitors of protein kinase C.

Specific inhibitors of protein kinase C (PKC) were screened for with a unique detection system, named bleb forming assay. When K562, a human chronic myeloid leukemia cell, was treated with phorbol 12,13-dibutylate (PDBu) or teleocidin which are activators of PKC, many blebs appeared on the cell surface of K562 within 10 minutes. This appearance of blebs is inhibited by staurosporine and H7 which are known to be PKC inhibitors. Teleocidin and PDBu did not induce bleb formation of HL60, a human acute promyelocytic leukemia cell, and the mouse Friend leukemia cell, even though their morphology was changed 24 hours after treatment with teleocidin or PDBu. Many inducers of terminal differentiation of K562 have the same effect on HL60 and Friend cells. However, the bleb inducing activity of PKC activators seems to be specific for K562. The bleb forming assay satisfied the criteria (simplicity and specificity) required for preliminary screening of activators or inhibitors of PKC. Teleocidins A and B, and tautomycin (a new antibiotic isolated in our laboratory) were identified as activators of PKC, and also staurosporine and isoflavones (daidzein and genistein) as inhibitors.

1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine↗
PubMed1988

Induction of morphological change of human myeloid leukemia and activation of protein kinase C by a novel antibiotic, tautomycin.

A novel antibiotic tautomycin induced many blebs on the surface of K562 human chronic myeloid leukemia cells, similar to the morphological changes induced by phorbol esters. However, tautomycin did not induce nitroblue tetrazolium reducing activity, when HL60 human promyelocytic leukemia cells were caused to differentiate by quinomycin into mature granulocytes. It did not induce spread of HL60 cells, one of the phenotypes of mature macrophages. In addition, it did not compete with phorbol dibutyrate to bind to the cell surface of K562 cells. However, tautomycin significantly activated protein kinase C (PKC) extracted from K562 cells. These results indicate that tautomycin is a new activator of PKC, distinct from phorbol esters.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1987

Computer analysis of automated Edman degradation and amino acid analysis data.

Computer programs are described that allow facile analysis of data from a protein sequencer and amino acid analyzer. The sequencer program provides automated sequence interpretation while requiring minimal user interaction. The program serves as a powerful aid in deciphering mixture sequences and allows routine monitoring of sequencer performance. The computer program for amino acid analysis data provides the following calculations: mole percent, protein concentration and residues per mole with comparison between theoretical and calculated values. A plot of molecular weight versus deviation from integer values is calculated providing a measure of peptide or protein purity.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1987

Transient hyperphagia after sodium selenite injection in mice.

Injection (s.c.) of Na2SeO3 (SS, 20-30 mumol/kg) into male mice initiated eating, which began about 20 min after injection and continued for about 3 h. This initiation effect was observed for mice of different ages and at different times of the day. Other findings of this study were: (1) early morning injection (30 mumol/kg) caused increased food intake, as examined by gastric content 3 h after injection, compared to daytime injection; and (2) SS-induced transient hyperphagia was observed at ambient temperatures of 10 and 22 degrees C, but not at 37 degrees C. This paper discusses these results in relation to SS-induced hypothermia.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Tricuspid regurgitation induced by transvenous right ventricular pacing: echocardiographic and pathological observations].

To assess tricuspid regurgitation (TR) in patients with permanent transvenous right ventricular (RV) pacing, we performed phonocardiographic, contrast and pulsed Doppler echocardiographic studies in 18 patients with transvenous leads for RV pacing. In addition, a pathological study was performed on 26 autopsy cases with transvenous leads for RV pacing. None of the patients had right-sided heart failure. The previous phonocardiograms revealed regurgitant murmurs of TR in one clinical case and five autopsy cases. In the clinical study, definite TR was diagnosed both by contrast and pulsed Doppler echocardiography in five cases (28%). Probable TR was diagnosed only by one technique in three cases (17%), and the absence of TR was confirmed by both techniques in 10 cases (55%) (non-TR group). The average right atrial dimension was 59 +/- 5.3 mm in the definite TR group and 39 +/- 2.4 mm in the non-TR group (p less than 0.01). The average inferior vena cava dimension was 19 +/- 1.7 mm in the definite TR group and 15 +/- 0.8 mm in the non-TR group (p less than 0.05). Right atrial and inferior vena cava dimensions showed a significantly positive correlation (r = 0.58, p less than 0.05). In the pathological study, the presence of TR, which was explained by the position of the pacemaker lead in relation to the valve structure, was confirmed in 11 cases (42%). Valve motion interference was classified as type I (two cases), in which the lead was suppressed and the leaflet immobilized, type II (4 cases), in which chordae tendineae were involved by a pacemaker lead, and type III (five cases), in which both mechanisms contributed to valvular regurgitation. In conclusion, TR may follow transvenous RV pacing in approximately half of the cases with RV pacing. Contrast and pulsed Doppler echocardiography are sensitive noninvasive techniques for detecting this valvular abnormality and they should be used in the follow-up of such pacemaker recipients.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

[Mitral regurgitation due to ruptured chordae tendineae in the aged: a clinicopathologic study].

We observed 13 cases of mitral regurgitation (MR) due to ruptured chordae tendineae (RCT) among 4,000 consecutive autopsies of patients over 60 years of age (0.33%). There were four men and nine women whose average age was 79.8 yrs. Five cases had a single RCT (Group I) and eight had multiple RCT (from two to eight chordae) (Group II). The sites of RCT were in the posterior mitral leaflet (PML) in nine, the anterior leaflet in one, and both in three. All in Group I showed RCT in the PML; the posterior scallop in two and the middle scallop in three. The average heart weight was 340 g in Group I and 431 g in Group II. Sclerosis of the coronary arteries, the circumference of the mitral valve ring, and thickness of the leaflets did not differ significantly. Estimated volume of the left atrium was significantly greater in Group II than in Group I (185 ml vs 57 ml, p less than 0.05). Jet lesions were observed in 10 of the 13 cases. The etiologies of RCT were previous endocarditis in two, mitral valve prolapse in three, and spontaneous rupture in eight. Congestive heart failure was observed in three (60%) in Group I and eight (100%) in Group II (p less than 0.01). Cardiothoracic ratio more than 60% was observed in three (60%) of Group I and six (75%) of Group II. Atrial fibrillation was demonstrated in one in Group I (20%) and six (75%) in Group II (p less than 0.05), and cardiac death in one (20%) in Group I and six (75%) in Group II (p less than 0.05). Phonocardiograms showed pansystolic murmur in all cases, third heart sound in nine (69%), and fourth heart sound in four (57%). Echocardiographically, RCT was diagnosed in six of nine cases (67%). In conclusion, patients with RCT involving more than two chordae tendineae can show more severe clinical course than cases with a single RCT.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

[Therapeutic goals for fluid management in profound shock].

The therapeutic goals for fluid replacement in 9 patients were studied. Five cases in sepsis, 2 in necrotizing pancreatitis and 2 in fat embolism were treated as dehydration or hypovolemia. Fluid replacement was performed with the view of obtaining the amelioration of circulation and urine output, even if CVP or PCWP had been elevated on admission. The values of CVP and PCWP, renal function and pulmonary function were assessed retrospectively. Out of 9 patients, one died of refractory shock, brain edema due to fat embolism and remaining one after recovery of shock. Out of 6 survivors, 2 showed oliguric renal failure, and 2 nonoliguric renal failure. The volume of administered fluid ranged from 5445 ml/10 hrs to 15820 ml/14 hrs and speeds of fluid administration were 545 ml/hr to 1248 ml/hr. CVP value on admission ranged from 4.0 to 22.0 cmH2O (3.0 to 16.3 mmHg), mean value 14.0 +/- 6.5 cmH2O. Through the course, the highest CVP and PCWP ranged from 12.5 to 26.5 (mean 19.8) mmHg and 14 to 36 (mean 20.9) mmHg, respectively. Out of 9 patients, 8 were suffering from respiratory distress, however, 7 recovered by PEEP except for one refractory shock. High values of CVP or PCWP could be recognized even if in hypovolemic shock and/or septic shock. Maintenance of higher values (18-20 mmHg) in CVP and/or PCWP during fluid resuscitation might be recommended because adequate fluid resuscitation could sustain the renal function, and result in good outcome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Mercury-selenium interaction in workers exposed to elemental mercury vapor.

Mercury (Hg) and selenium (Se) levels were determined for erythrocytes, plasma and urine of 25 male and 29 female workers exposed to elemental mercury (Hgo) vapor. Interrelationship between the Hg levels and the Se levels was examined by the correlational analysis and the stepwise regression analysis. Indicators of Se status (erythrocyte Se levels, plasma Se levels and urinary Se levels) were closely intercorrelated; similarly, indicators of exposure to Hgo vapor (erythrocyte inorganic Hg levels, plasma Hg levels and urinary Hg levels) were significantly intercorrelated. Since plasma Hg level was one of the significant independent variables in determining the erythrocyte Se and plasma Se levels, Hgo vapor exposure was thought likely to influence the Se metabolism in workers. None of the Se status indicators were significant as determinants of the indicators of Hgo vapor exposure.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Sodium selenite-induced hypothermia in mice: indirect evidence for a neural effect.

The effect of sodium selenite (SS) on the body temperature of adult male ICR mice was examined. SS (10-60 mumol/kg) administered subcutaneously resulted in a transient and dose-dependent hypothermia at ambient temperatures (Ta) of 20 and 30 degrees C. Reduced oxygen consumption accompanied the changes in body temperature. In addition, SS-treated mice exhibited transient cold-seeking behavior in the thermogradient. This SS-induced hypothermia was very similar to those induced by ethanol, tetrahydrocannabinol, triethyltin, sulfolane, and chlordimeform in that these all were transient, dependent on Ta, and not counteracted by behavioral thermoregulation. From these results, involvement of neural afferent or integral pathways is suggested. Further, acute mortality of SS-injected mice was enhanced with the elevation of Ta, as in the case of the chemicals mentioned above. Considering the diverse chemical and pharmacological properties of these chemicals, these results may suggest a possible interrelation between the hypothermic response and the modification of toxicity.

Animals↗