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Biomedical subjects

C Warren

Publications and source records attributed to C Warren.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Tranquilizers or anti-depressants for chronic schizophrenics: a long term study.

The relative efficacy of 4 tranquilizers was investigated in 66 chronic schizophrenics who had been hospitalized for 10.01 years (mean). The role of adding an anti-depressant was also studied. Following a 4 week placebo period, high dosage tranquilizers were given for 16 weeks and amitriptyline was added for the following 16 weeks. Statistical analyses of the various change measures revealed that patients worsened significantly on placebo, all 4 tranquilizers were significantly better than placebo for symptom reduction and maximum improvement was attained within 16 weeks of tranquilizer administration. No significant differences in efficacy were observed among the 4 tranquilizers and addition of amitriptyline did not confer any additional therapeutic advantage.

Adult↗
PubMed1974

Assessment of fetal lung maturity by estimation of amniotic fluid palmitic acid.

The measurement of palmitic acid in amniotic fluid has been shown to be a rapid means of assessing the lecithin concentration. The level of palmitic acid increases quickly when the fetal lung matures at about 35 weeks' gestation, and the level in amniotic fluid obtained 24 hours or less before delivery clearly distinguishes which infants are likely to develop respiratory distress syndrome and which are mature.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1974

Serum gentamicin assay: a comparison and assessment of different methods.

We have compared, in a clinical laboratory, three methods for estimating the concentration of gentamicin in serum. The adenylase method is most accurate, but requires considerable skilled technical time and expensive apparatus. The urease method requires an accurate pH meter but is otherwise inexpensive, but in our hands, although it produces results most rapidly, it also requires considerable technician time and is least accurate. The agar diffusion method requires no expensive apparatus, least technician time, and produces results of acceptable accuracy. It does, however, take longer than the other two methods to produce results.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1970

In-vitro comparison of erythromycin, lincomycin, and clindamycin.

The in-vitro antibacterial activities of erythromycin, lincomycin, and clindamycin, a new derivative of lincomycin, were compared. Clindamycin was always more active than lincomycin, and was either as active as erythromycin or more so against betahaemolytic streptococci, Streptococcus viridans, Str. pneumoniae, and erythromycin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus. It was also fully active against most erythromycin-resistant strains of Staph. aureus. On the other hand, it was somewhat less active than erythromycin against Haemophilus influenzae and considerably less active than erythromycin against Str. faecalis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae.Clinical trials seem to be justified in infections with sensitive organisms for which erythromycin might have been indicated.

Bacteria↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of hypothermia on short latency somatosensory evoked potentials in humans.

Short latency somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs) elicited by median nerve stimulation were monitored in 14 adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass and induced hypothermia. SSEPs were recorded at 1-2 degrees C steps as the body temperature was lowered from 37 degrees C to 20 degrees C to determine temperature-dependent changes. Hypothermia produced increased latencies of the peaks of N10, P14 and N19 components, the prolongation was more severe for the later components so that N10-P14 and P14-N19 interpeak latencies were also prolonged. The temperature-latency relationship had a linear correlation. The magnitude of latency prolongation (msec) with 1 degree C decline in temperature was 0.61, 1.15, 1.56 for N10, P14 and N19 components, respectively, and 0.39 and 0.68 for interpeak latencies N10-P14 and P14-N19, respectively. The rise time and duration of the 3 SSEP components increased progressively with cooling. Cortically generated component, N19, was consistently recordable at a temperature above 26 degrees C, usually disappearing between 20 degrees C and 25 degrees C. On the other hand, more peripherally generated components, N10 and P14, were more resistant to the effect of hypothermia; P14 was always elicitable at 21 degrees C or above, whereas N10 persisted even below 20 degrees C. The amplitude of SSEP components had a poor correlation with temperature; there was a slight tendency for N10 and P14 to increase and for N19 to decrease with declining temperature. Because incidental hypothermia is common in comatose and anesthetized patients, temperature-related changes must be taken into consideration during SSEP monitoring under these circumstances.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Temperature-dependent hysteresis in somatosensory and auditory evoked potentials.

Fourteen adult patients undergoing open heart surgery under induced hypothermia had median nerve, short-latency somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs) recorded during cooling (from 36 degrees C to 19 degrees C) and subsequent rewarming. Similar data on another group of patients who had brain-stem auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs) were also analyzed. Hypothermia produced increased latencies of the major SSEP and BAEP components and the latencies returned to normal with subsequent warming. The temperature-latency relationship during the cooling phase was significantly different from that during the warming phase. For SSEP components the temperature-latency relationship was linear during cooling and curvilinear during warming, whereas for BAEP it was curvilinear both during cooling and warming. Furthermore, the regression curves were different during the two phases of temperature manipulation, particularly for temperatures below 30 degrees C both for SSEP and BAEP components. At the onset of warming there was an initial exaggerated warming response on the evoked potential (EP) latencies and amplitude of the EP components. The temperature-latency regression curves were uniformly less steep during the warming phase compared to those during cooling. These findings suggest the existence of hysteresis in the relationship between temperature and EP latencies. The latencies at a given temperature below 30 degrees C depend on whether that temperature is reached during cooling or during warming.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Tracking perinatal infection: is it safe to launder your scrubs at home?

PURPOSE: This descriptive pilot study was conducted during 1991 and 1992 to determine the effect of wearing home-laundered scrub clothing in labor and delivery on the perinatal infection rate. METHOD: Unit meetings were conducted to instruct the 68 participating employees to launder their scrub clothing in an automatic washing machine, and to dry them in an automatic dryer on a hot setting. Statistics, including total births and cesarean births, were gathered, including all cesarean births during the years of 1991 and 1992 at the two study sites. Infection rates were monitored by the infection control department and reported frequently to the infection control committee and the medical and nursing staff. Employees were surveyed to assess their satisfaction after purchasing and wearing their own scrub clothing. The method for determining the perinatal infection rate in this study was based on the National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System, which combines exogenous and endogenous factors when assessing the rate of wound infections(6). The method for monitoring the newborn infection rate in this study was outbreak surveillance. CONCLUSIONS: Home-laundered scrub clothing can be worn safely in labor and delivery units, including the operating rooms contained in those units. This practice can reduce costs without increasing surgical wound infection rates.

Clothing↗