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Biomedical subjects

C W Williams

Publications and source records attributed to C W Williams.

30 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

A comparative study of conventional versus high-frequency jet ventilation with relation to the incidence of postoperative morbidity in thoracic surgery.

Sixty-five patients undergoing a thoracic procedure were randomly allocated to one of two groups. The first group received a conventional method of ventilation (double-lumen endobronchial tube and collapse of one lung) and the second, high-frequency jet ventilation (HFJV). The incidence of postoperative chest infections (clinical and bacteriological), the chest drain volumes, and the length of postoperative stay in the hospital were recorded. Results showed the jet ventilator group had a significantly reduced mean hospital stay (p less than 0.01), which could be attributed to a lower incidence of postoperative chest infections (p less than 0.001) and significantly improved arterial blood O2 tensions at 4 hours (p less than 0.05), 24 hours, and 7 days postoperatively (p less than 0.001).

Blood Gas Analysis↗
PubMed1985

Guide to hospital incident reports.

Proper incident reporting in a health care institution holds the promise of isolating problem areas, procedures and personnel within an institution, thus making corrective action easier. At the same time, the incident report can serve as a weapon in defense of law suits brought against the institution.

Documentation↗
PubMed1974

Effect of coenzyme Q on serum levels of creatine phosphokinase in preclinical muscular dystrophy.

Coenzyme Q(10) (CoQ(10)) exists in human tissue, and is indispensable to mitochondrial enzymes of respiration. CoQ was administered to children with preclinical muscular dystrophy, CoQ enzymology was emphasized, and serum creatine phosphokinase, CPK, (ATP:creatine N-phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.3.2) was repeatedly monitored.A 40-week treatment of an infant, 1-2 years of age, reduced serum CPK (P < 0.001; total CPK assays, 76). A 40-week treatment of a boy, 3-5 years of age, reduced serum CPK (P < 0.01); treatment through 80 weeks reduced CPK (P < 0.001; total CPK assays, 118). This response of preclinical dystrophy to CoQ implies a deficiency of CoQ in skeletal muscle that was actually found previously by assay of the activity of the succinate dehydrogenase:coenzyme Q(10) reductase of the rectus abdominis. The relationships among a CoQ deficiency in muscle, serum CPK, and use of CPK in muscle are uncertain; however, restoration of CoQ enzyme activity in muscle by oral administration of CoQ could lead to increased use of CPK in muscle to form phosphocreatine from creatine and ATP, with a corresponding decrease in serum levels of CPK. The great excess of CPK in serum comes from deteriorating muscle in which CPK is below normal.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Neurotoxicity of chronic low-level exposure to organic solvents: caveats for applied neuropsychologists.

Research findings on the neuropsychological consequences of chronic low-level exposure to organic solvents are equivocal. Because methodological weaknesses cast doubt on some empirical publications that report causal links between occupational exposure and irreversible neuropsychological deficits, findings can mislead rather than inform neuropsychological assessment. Empirical articles often do not provide enough information to support the conclusions offered or to evaluate the reasoning by which the conclusions were reached. This article discusses some prototypical weaknesses in empirical articles and illustrates these weaknesses with selected examples. The contribution that neuropsychologists can make to improve the quality of research is discussed.

Journal Article↗