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Biomedical subjects

C W Linder

Publications and source records attributed to C W Linder.

29 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

The influence of a family history of CHD risk factors on serum lipoprotein levels in black children and adolescents.

This study evaluated the influence of a family history of coronary heart disease (CHD) and CHD risk factors on the total serum cholesterol/high density lipoprotein (TChol/HDL) and the low density lipoprotein/HDL (LDL/HDL) ratios of 84 black children (ages 7-11 years) and adolescents (ages 12-15 years). Fasting lipid determinations were measured on all subjects. A questionnaire was administered to each subject's parent to determine the frequency of myocardial infarction, heart disease, hypertension, stroke, atherosclerosis, diabetes, and obesity in first- and second-degree blood relatives. Based on three-way analysis of variance tests, significant stroke and age, diabetes and age, and obesity and age interactions in TChol/HDL and LDL/HDL were found. There was also an obesity and age and sex interaction effect on T.Chol/HDL. The results indicated that a family history of stroke, diabetes, or obesity can have an unfavorable effect on the TChol/HDL and LDL/HDL ratios in black adolescents.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

An evaluation of five indexes of relative body weight for use with children.

Five weight-to-height indexes frequently used in independence from height and age, with a sample of children. Four of the indexes failed to control for variations in the proportions of lean body mass and adipose tissue in children of different ages or heights. One index, the weight-for-length index, was found to be a reliable measure of relative body weight for use either in a clinical setting or in research. In order to test the validity of these findings, the same procedures were repeated with a second sample of children. In addition, the triceps skinfold thickness measurement was tested for reliability. Although the results for the first and second samples differed somewhat, the final conclusion of the study was that the weight-for-length index was the most reliable measure of relative body weight for children and youth.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1980

The prevalence of obesity and thinness in children from a lower socioeconomic population receiving comprehensive health care.

The relative body weights of 1830 children from low-income families ranging in age from 2 months to 18 years were calculated using the weight-for-length index (WLI). The effects of age, sex and race on WLI were tested with a 3-way analysis of variance test. A significant age and race interaction was found for the whole sample, as well as significant age and sex interaction for blacks only. Additional analysis revealed that most of the variance in WLI could be explained by weight variations in black females. When the children were classified as obese, overweight, and thin basedon their WLI scores, black males were found to have the lowest prevalence of obesity followed by slightly higher values for the other groups. When overweight and obese children were combined into one group, black females had the highest prevalence of overweight-obese children followed by white males, black males, and white females. In contrast, white females had the highest prevalence of thinness, followed by white males, black females, and black males. Additional analysis suggested that there are important social and/or environmental factors within this particular socioeconomic group that are interacting with biological processes to influence the prevalence of obesity and thinness within each age group.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1978

Treatment of impetigo and ecthyma.

A comparison of the treatment of superficial skin infections using intramuscular benzathine penicillin G alone or combined with hexachlorophene scrubbing was conducted in 127 children. Of 72 children treated with benzathine penicillin alone, 94.4 percent had a good result. Of the 55 children receiving hexachlorophene scrubbing in addition to penicillin, 85.5 percent had a good result. The healing rate was higher (93 percent) in those children whose skin cultures grew Group A beta hemolytic streptococci. When staphylococcus aureus was the only pathogen isolated, the healing rate was 86 percent. Regardless of the pathogens isolated, the healing rate was not increased with scrubbing. Since scrubbing with hexachlorophene offered no improvement in the healing rate and since it adds to the expense and discomfort of treatment, it should be eliminated as part of the treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Acetaminophen poisoning.

A case of suspected acetaminophen poisoning is reported in a child who ingested 19 gm of acetaminophen over a seven-day period. She exhibited evidence of severe renal and hepatic damage which resolved with supportive therapy. Serum levels of acetaminophen were not in the toxic range; hence, proof of the etiology was not possible. It is probable that a delay in suspecting acetaminophen toxicity allowed time for the serum acetaminophen level to return to normal. Acetaminophen is a safe drug when used properly, but overdosage can cause severe toxicity. With increased use in this country, increasing episodes of overdosages should be anticipated. Blood levels should be obtained early in acutely ill patients when acetaminophen toxicity is suspected.

Acetaminophen↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Preparticipation health screening of young athletes. Results of 1268 examinations.

The major purpose of the preparticipation physical examination of athletes is to screen for conditions that could predispose the athlete to injury or death. However, this examinations offered to many of the athletes in this country fail to adequately accomplish this. This study analyzed the preparticipation health exams of prospective sports participants from all public schools in Richmond County, Georgia for two consecutive years. We sought to identify the components of a preparticipation exam which most accurately identified athletes who were at risk of sustaining injury. The most frequently reported problems on the health history were previous injuries, previous hospitalizations, and joint problems. These were consistent over the two years. The problems recorded most frequently on the physical exam involved the lower extremities, mouth, teeth, heart, eyes, and genitalia. However the prevalence of abnormalities found during the first year of the study was significantly lower than that identified in the second study. Analysis of the findings resulted in a more standardized approach to the examination and in an improved examination form.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparative evaluation of cefadroxil and cephalexin in children and adolescents with pyodermas. Cefadroxil Once Daily Pyoderma Study Group.

This randomized, multicenter study compared the safety and efficacy of cefadroxil with that of cephalexin for the treatment of pyodermas in children and adolescents (1-18 years of age). Cefadroxil was given as a single oral daily dose of 30 mg/kg, and cephalexin 30 mg/kg/day was given in two divided doses. The maximum daily dose for both drugs was 1 gm, and treatment was administered for 10 days. Clinical and bacteriologic evaluations were made on days 4 or 5 during therapy and 2 to 4 days after therapy was completed. Of the 462 patients enrolled in the study, 156 patients in the cefadroxil group and 133 patients in the cephalexin group were evaluable. Staphylococcus aureus (56% of isolates) and Streptococcus pyogenes (39% of isolates) were isolated most frequently. The bacteriologic response was statistically greater in the patients treated with cefadroxil than in those treated with cephalexin (96% versus 89%; P = 0.042). A satisfactory clinical response was reported in 147 (94%) cefadroxil-treated patients and 122 (92%) cephalexin-treated patients (P = 0.476). The overall effective response to treatment was significantly higher with cefadroxil than with cephalexin (94% versus 86%; P = 0.024). Compliance with 9 or 10 days of therapy was similar in both treatment groups, although there was a difference between the two treatment groups with respect to completion of medication regimen: 95% of patients taking cefadroxil once daily--versus 65% of patients taking cephalexin twice daily--took 100% of their medication (P < 0.0001). Adverse events were infrequent and mild. The results of this study demonstrate that once-daily cefadroxil offers greater bacteriologic eradication and a better overall effective response than twice-daily cephalexin for the treatment of pyodermas caused by gram-positive pathogens in children and adolescents.

Adolescent↗