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Biomedical subjects

C W Denko

Publications and source records attributed to C W Denko.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Age related changes in total DNA and RNA and incorporation of uridine and thymidine in rat brain.

1. Total brain DNA and total brain RNA and the incorporation of thymidine[14C] and uridine[3H] were measured in young and aged rats. 2. From 20 days to the time of sexual maturation, both DNA and RNA levels increase. Total RNA exceeds total DNA at all ages. Comparatively, the ratio of total DNA/RNA is higher in young than in aged animals. 3. The incorporation of thymidine[14C]/g of DNA and of uridine[3H]/g of RNA decreases with age. This decrease is rapid in young animals. After 350 days of age, the incorporation becomes very low. The significance of data is discussed.

Aging↗
PubMed1983

Age-related changes in total DNA and RNA and incorporation of uridine and thymidine in rat liver, kidney and spleen.

Total content of DNA and RNA in liver, kidney and spleen were measured in young and aged rats. At the same time the incorporation of [14C]thymidine, a DNA precursor, and [3H]uridine, an RNA precursor, were also determined. Changes in total organ DNA and RNA correlated with sexual maturation as did incorporation of precursors. Young animals have more DNA per organ relative to RNA, with kidney and spleen DNA showing a decrease between maturity and senescence. However, liver RNA increases with age, a change probably due to decreased catabolism of RNA since [3H]urine uptake decreases. Liver polyploid differentiation, and [14C]thymidine and [3H]uridine uptake, are correlated. In kidney, incorporation of [3H]uridine is inversely related to [14C]thymidine incorporation.

Aging↗
PubMed1981

Temporal changes of [3H]uridine and [14C]thymidine incorporation and total organ DNA and RNA in rat thymus.

Aging at organ, cell and molecular levels is characterized by a variety of deleterious changes. Theoretically, all of these changes must be linked to the primary informational molecule DNA and its ancillary control proteins. The present experiments were done to determine how the rate of nucleotide uptake and/or total quantity of RNA and DNA vary with age. Thymus showed age-related changes in radionucleotide uptake and total quantity of RNA and DNA. The ratio of DNA to RNA is higher in organs of younger animals. Total organ thymus DNA decreased between maturity and senescence. Sexual maturation correlates with DNA and RNA in total organ content or in synthesis.

Aging↗
PubMed1981

Inflammation in relation to dietary intake of zinc and copper.

The role of the trace metal copper (Cu) and the role of the trace metal zinc (Zn) in inflammation were studied in rats fed diets containing varying amounts of these metals. Rats fed a diet low in Cu for two months developed more carrageenin induced inflammation than did control rats eating normal food. In rats eating the low Cu diet supplemented by added Cu, inflammation was reduced to normal levels. Rats fed a diet low in Zn for three months developed more footpad swelling after challenge with carrageenin and with monosodium urate crystals than did control rats eating a normal diet.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

35s incorporation in rats in relation to deprivation of copper and zinc in the diet.

Experiments were designed to explore connective tissue metabolism in rats eating a diet low in copper (Cu) and a diet low in zinc (Zn). Incorporation of 35S given as inorganic sulphate served as the metabolic marker. Sulphur uptake was elevated about 100% over normal in tissues of rats eating a low Cu diet: lung, kidney, spleen, aorta, small intestine, cartilage, and bone. Rats eating a diet low in Zn had levels of radioactive sulphate two to fourfold higher than normals in lung, stomach, liver, adrenal, kidney, brain, spleen aorta, thymus, skin, muscle, intestine, testes, cartilage, and bone.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Phlogistic properties of the serum proteins, albumin and transferrin.

In the experimental model for inflammation, footpad edema induced by injections of monosodium urate crystals, effects of two acute-phase reactants, the carrier proteins albumin and transferrin, were studied. Addition of small amounts of these serum components to the test system resulted in greater swelling. A dose-related response was demonstrated. Doubling the amount of transferrin produced increased inflammation. Comments are presented on the possible protective role of pertubations in the serum proteins classified as acute-phase reactants in the organism's response to tissue injury or inflammation.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Modification of cholesterol crystal-induced inflammation.

Cholesterol crystals induced inflammation in normal rats upon being injected into the footpad. Cholesterol caused less swelling than did an equal amount (3 mg) of monosodium urate crystals. In rats made deficient in essential fatty acids on the basis of clinical criteria (thereby presumably being deficient in prostaglandins) cholesterol crystals did not produce normal levels of swelling. Injections of prostaglandin E1, prostacyclin and thromboxane (B2) did not result in perturbations in cholesterol-induced swelling. Colchicine and indomethacin, given systemically, were very effective in reducing cholesterol crystal-induced foot swelling. Prostaglandin E2 also demonstrated an anti-inflammatory effect.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Protective role of ceruloplasmin in inflammation.

Experimental inflammation in copper (Cu)-deficient rats is greater than that induced in controls eating normal diet. Cu-supplementation of the Cu-deficient diet results in a reduced swelling, down to normal levels. Injection of the naturally occurring acute phase reactant, ceruloplasmin (Cp) a Cu-bearing serum protein, also results in reduction of experimental inflammation. Since a rise in serum Cp occurs in normal pregnancy this protective anti-inflammatory action of Cp is proposed as an explanation for the widely-observed phenomenon of spontaneous control of rheumatoid arthritis in pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Sympathetic or reflex footpad swelling due to crystal-induced inflammation in the opposite foot.

Sympathetic or reflex footpad swelling occurred in rats when several crystals known to be pathogenic in human joints or soft tissues were injected into the opposite footpad. Monosodium urate (MSU), calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CaPPD), hydroxyapatite, calcium oxalate (CaOx), and xanthine (X) suspension induced varying degrees of such reflex of sympathetic swelling. In the second cycle of crystal-induced swelling, the foot that had been the initial or primary site of inflammation reacted with greater reflex swelling, when compared to the first cycle. Similarly, reflex increases in temperature occurred when CaPPD was injected. These reflex increases in swelling and temperature may relate to signs and symptoms of patients with reflex neurovascular dystrophy or shoulder--hand syndrome.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Restorative chemotherapy in degenerative hip disease.

Twenty patients with degenerative joint disease (DJD) of the hip were treated for prolonged periods with an extract of cartilage and bone marrow. Although clinical improvement, lessened joint pain and increased function, occurred in a majority of the patients, the most significant changes were in four who had concomitant x-ray improvement. These patients had roentgenographic evidence of recovery of joint space and regeneration of the femoral head. Discussion is presented of possible mechanisms by which this tissue extract induces changes in chondrocyte metabolism. A theory is proposed to explain DJD as a multifactorial disorder in which liver impairment in processing growth hormone is the key malfunction. Treatment of DJD of the hip by injections of the tissue extract of cartilage and bone marrow is a rational and effective therapy without significant toxicity.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Temporal changes in histone acetylation.

The incorporation of tritiated acetate was studied in developing and aging rats. Thymus, liver and serum were collected 30 minutes after injection of acetate. The trichloroacetic acid precipitable histone fraction was then extracted from liver and thymus and its radioactivity determined. Serum and cytoplasmic fractions were also counted. Serum activity declined with age. Thymus histone and cytoplasmic fractions showed a cyclic pattern. Acetylation of liver histones showed a straight line decline to a relatively constant level. The decline in acetylation of liver histones is postulated to be due to repression of acetylation processes and is thought to parallel the change of hepatocytes from a diploid to a polyploid state.

Acetates↗
PubMed1978

A new mechanical method for measuring rat paw edema.

A new method is presented for measuring swelling or rat paw edema in inflammation induced by carrageenin injection. This technique is compared to other widely used ones. A spring-loaded dial indicator produces results that are accurate, precise and reproducible. It is recommended for investigators seeking the advantages of a noninvasive, low cost, rapid method quantifying the swelling of inflammation.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Chernogubov's syndrome: a translation of the first modern case report of the Ehlers-Danlos syndrome.

The heritable disorder of connective tissue, now termed Ehlers--Danlos syndrome, was described by Chernogubov, a Russian dermatologist, in 1892. His graphic description of the first modern case with multisystemic features is presented in English translation. Chernogubov attributed the development of this disorder to a generalized defect in the embryological formation of connective tissue fibers. Chernogubov's observations were recognized by his colleagues as providing new insights in explaining an interesting and puzzling case. In the literature of the Soviet Union this syndrome is known as Chernogubov's syndrome. This work is justifiably recognized as a seminal publication in rheumatology.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Prostaglandin A2 and 35S uptake in connective tissue.

Rats deficient in essential fatty acids (EFA) incorporated lesser amounts of radioactive sulfate into lung, kidney, spleen, heart, costal cartilage, long bone and skull bone than did normal control animals. Administration of prostaglandin A2 stimulated 35S uptake by lung, kidney and aorta while 35S levels in costal cartilage, tibial cap and long bone were strikingly reduced. Comments are presented suggesting that this metabolic mechanism may explain, in part, cartilage and bone resorption in areas of inflammation, such as arthritis, both rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Modification of adjuvant inflammation in rats deficient in essential fatty acids.

Rats deficient in essential fatty acids (EFA) did not develop as much foot swelling on receiving injections of complete Freund's adjuvant as did normal controls. Both the acute inflammation and the chronic inflammation were affected. This reduction in the chronic phase of adjuvant inflammation was restored to normal levels by feeding a small supplement of corn oil as a dietary source of EFA. Since the EFA are biologic precursors of prostaglandins (PG), the lack of EFA is thought to influence adjuvant-induced inflammation by reducing available PG mediators of inflammation.

Acute Disease↗