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Biomedical subjects

C W Daeschner

Publications and source records attributed to C W Daeschner.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Zinc deficiency and blood lymphocyte function with sickle cell disease.

A relationship between zinc deficiency and lymphocyte function in children with sickle cell disease (SCD) has been suggested. Number and function of B and T lymphocytes were assessed in 3 matched groups of children: normal subjects with Hb A and normal zinc; patients with SCD; and normal zinc (SCD-N); and patients with SCD and decreased zinc (SCD-D). Percentages of B and T cells, response to cutaneous antigens and increases in tetanus antibody titres were similar among all groups. Absolute numbers of WBC, lymphocytes and B and T cells were markedly increased in SCD-N (p less than 0.001) and to a lesser degree in SCD-D (p less than 0.01). Controls and SCD-N had a normal response to all mitogens, which was not inhibited by SCD-D sera. SCD-D had a depressed response to PHA (p less than 0.001), which was not corrected by zinc addition in vitro. These findings indicate that B cell function and T cell-dependent delayed hypersensitivity are normal in children with SCD and are independent of body zinc status. They also suggest some abnormality of T helper cells in the presence of zinc deficiency, and in the absence of a demonstrable serum inhibitor.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Beaumont: a new variant with severe enzyme deficiency and chronic nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia.

Studies were carried out on erythrocytes and fibroblasts from a 3-year-old white male with severe glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency and chronic non-spherocytic hemolytic anemia. Red blood cell G6PD activity was less than 0.02% of normal values. Since the child's fibroblasts had 2-4% of normal enzymic activity, they were utilized as a source of enzyme for kinetic studies. The G6PD demonstrated marked heat lability, a normal Km value for glucose-6-phosphate (56 mumol/l), a nearly normal pH-activity curve, and increased utilization of 2-deoxyglucose-6-phosphate (76% of the rate with glucose-6-phosphate). These studies clearly indicate that this is a new molecular variant (G6PD Beaumont).

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Education for primary care of children. A report to Abraham and Mary Jacobi.

Abraham and Mary Jacobi, two general physicians from widely differing backgrounds, shared a lifelong commitment to the health and welfare of children. Together, they planted the seeds of the modern specialty of pediatrics. Education for the care of children was a major focus of the Jacobis' lives. In their day, emphasis in pediatric practice was on infant feeding and on ameliorating the appalling level of mortality from infectious diseases. In subsequent decades, advances in knowledge about diseases and in basic medical science enabled physicians to deal confidently with these problems, so that emphasis shifted to diagnosis and treatment of less common conditions and, most recently, to recognition of the pediatrician's role in treatment of psychosocial disorders. Throughout the evolution of the medical education process, the role of the pediatrician as child advocate, so efficiently modeled by the Jacobis, has continued to be a major theme.

Cost Control↗
PubMed1983

Neutrophils and zinc in infection-prone children with sickle cell disease.

Neutrophils can be distinguished as EA negative (EA-N) or EA positive (EA+N), according to rosette formation with sheep erythrocytes. EA- neutrophils show a bactericidal activity 50% to 70% lower than EA+ neutrophils. Thirty children with sickle cell disease were studied during steady state and crises/infections, together with matched control children. EA+ and EA- neutrophils, zinc levels in the body, and frequency of previous bacterial infection were evaluated. Sixty percent of the patients (18/30) had zinc deficiency (zinc less than 8.5 micrograms/10(10) RBC): of this group, more than three fourths (14/18) had a high frequency of infections (greater than or equal to 3/yr) and most of those (11/14) also had an increased percentage of EA- neutrophils (80% to 85% v 35% to 45% in control subjects). Only 4/18 of patients with zinc deficiency had a low frequency of infections, and only one of these four had a higher percentage of EA- neutrophils. In patients with normal zinc levels (12/30 or 40%), only three had frequent infections, but only one of these had an increased percentage of EA- neutrophils. The number of EA+ neutrophils increased after stimulation with epinephrine or during crises/infections. In six patients with more pronounced zinc deficiency and more severe crisis/infection, a delay in the increase of EA+ neutrophils occurred and was corrected by treatment. These findings suggest that a higher percentage of neutrophils with less bactericidal activity in many children with sickle cell disease and zinc deficiency may be a factor in the higher incidence of infections noted in these patients, and zinc might play a role in the formation, release, and activity of neutrophils.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

A method for defining competency in Pediatrics.

In 1972 the American Board of Pediatrics (ABP) initiated studies leading to a report which identifies the important components of competency needed in the practice of pediatrics. The development of the report involved a group process engaging ABP board members and examiners. The outcome has been (a) the delineation of a process for establishing definitions of competency in a medical discipline; (b) the development of a framework for specifying the abilities needed to perform the tasks required of pediatricians; (c) an elaboration of samples of pediatric subjects to which these abilities and tasks are relevant; and (d) the development of a basis for choice of methods to use for purposes of certification.

Certification↗