In experiments designed to detect new mutations affecting hemoglobin, we irradiated the male or female parent in reciprocal crosses of two mouse strains that differ in alleles at the hemoglobin (Hba, Hbb) loci as well as at five other specific loci. Offspring were analyzed for hemoglobin properties (electrophoretic pattern, solubility, crystal pattern), serum albumin differences, erythrocyte lysis, reticulocyte count, and external appearance. Five hemoglobin variants were found among the mutants. In three, the genetic contribution from the irradiated father was not expressed with regard to the alpha-chain; one carried a tandem deuplication (the first known case in the mouse) involving Hbb; and one probably resulted from double nondisjunction of chromosome 7. The finding that major chromosome aberrations can mimic hemoglobin mutations indicates the need, in similar experiments, to follow F1 screening with thorough cytogenetic analysis. The variants in which there is nonexpression of the alpha chain may be the result of small deficiencies or of faults in transcription or translation. Mutation rates based on these three variants are not out of line with earlier specific-locus results, although confidence limits are still wide.

Anemia↗

PubMed1974

Postmenopausal osteoporosis.

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Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of stents following septoplasty.

This prospective study was designed to evaluate the immediate postoperative course and long-term efficacy of septal stents. In 20 patients who underwent primary septorhinoplasty, Doyle II silicone stents were inserted bilaterally parallel to the septum. The stents were removed after an average of 3.3 days. A hollow tube was designed into this particular stent in an attempt to minimize patients discomfort from nasal airway obstruction. Subjective ratings of airway improvement were very similar for patients whose septums were supported with nasal stents and for those patients from our 1989 study whose noses were treated with nasal packing. However, the number of patients who complained about discomfort was substantially higher in the stent group, 60% (12 of 20), compared with the nasal packing group, 22% (5 of 23 patients) (p < 0.05). The percentage of partial residual or recurrent septal deviation was also slightly higher in the stent group, 25% (5 of 20), than in the packing group, 13% (3 of 23 patients), but this was not statistically significant (p > 0.50). The alar base incision was partially dehisced during removal of the stent in one patient, in spite of a routine reduction in the width of the splint.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Doctors and commitment.

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Attitude of Health Personnel↗

PubMedDate not supplied

White-faced monkey (Cebus capucinus) ecology and management in neotropical agricultural landscapes during the dry season.

Habitat use by a C. capucinus troop was studied in an agricultural landscape during late dry season (March-April 1994) in northwest Costa Rica. Riparian forests, palm canals and living fence rows accounted for 82% of observations, significantly more than the other six habitats present. The study troop consumed 24 species of plants and five animals. Feeding concentrated on the introduced African oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) (33.6%) and mango (Mangifera indica) (27.2%), found mostly in palm canals and mango orchards respectively. The troop rested between 0930-1330 hr and fed and moved between 0530-0930 hr and 1330-1730 hr. Living fence rows were used as travel routes or corridors and less intensively for other activities.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Recent advances in rehabilitation medicine.

Rehabilitation is aimed at minimising the disadvantage experienced by an individual as a result of functional impairment or disability following disease. It also addresses the impact of the social and environmental consequences of disease. Rehabilitation medicine is a new specialty although the concept of rehabilitation is not. Previously this work was undertaken within the fields of rheumatology, physical medicine, neurology, and orthopaedic, general medical and limb fitting services. In some patients, primarily those with neurological and musculoskeletal disease, the interaction of impairments with social and environmental dimensions can be complex. Effective management requires coordination between the patient, carers, and the medical, therapy, nursing, psychology and social services. The management of patients with complex disabilities is undergoing change with the introduction of new treatments, awareness of needs of patients and carers, and new models of care. This conference, entitled 'Medical priorities in the rehabilitation of adults with complex disabilities' given at the Royal College of Physicians on 2 February 1995, reviewed these changes. It dealt with medical priorities in rehabilitation for patients with specific diseases, and recent advances in areas pertinent to rehabilitation medicine.

Adult↗