Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

C V Sanders

Publications and source records attributed to C V Sanders.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Intravenous metronidazole therapy for Bacteroides fragilis meningitis.

A 69-year-old man developed meningitis due to Bacteroides fragilis and Streptococcus MG-intermedius, which progressed during chloramphenicol and nafcillin therapy to the extent that he seemed near death, with frank pus covering the spinal cord at surgery. Treatment with intravenous metronidazole and penicillin G was curative. After multiple trauma, a 20-year-old man developed meningitis due to Escherichia coli and B fragilis. He failed to respond to chloramphenicol alone, but responded to combined treatment with chloramphenicol and metronidazole. The right frontal sinus and epidural space abscesses were drained and a right frontal lobe abscess was excised. Metronidazole may be a uniquely effective agent for treatment of meningitis due to susceptible strains of Bacteroides fragilis.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Spondylitis caused by Brucella abortus.

A case of severe chronic spondylitis of the lumbar spine caused by Brucella abortus is presented. Infection was probably associated with ingestion of raw cow's milk. A technetium bone scan provided evidence of activity as early as two years before the radiographic abnormalities were evident. Although rarely seen in brucellosis, a large left psoas abscess formed. After extensive resection and debridement of all necrotic tissue, along with prolonged use of oral doxycycline, the patient recovered completely. The clinical, laboratory, therapeutic, and pathogenic aspects of Brucella spondylitis are discussed.

Abscess↗
PubMed1979

Cefamandole therapy in anaerobic infections.

Thirty-one adult patients with infections due to anaerobic bacteria were treated with cefamandole. Bacteroides fragilis group (17) and Bacteroides melaninogenicus (13) were the most frequent anaerobes isolated. Duration of therapy varied from 2 to 49 days. Results were judged satisfactory in 26 cases, and unsatisfactory in 1 case. Four cases could not be evaluated. Adverse reactions occurred in 16 patients and included positive direct Coombs' test without hemolysis, transient liver function abnormalities, phlebitis, reversible neutropenia, fever, eosinophilia, and toxic epidermal necrolysis. The more significant reactions were associated with prolonged therapy. None was lethal. These data suggest that cefamandole is effective in treatment of most anaerobic infections.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Metronidazole in the treatment of anaerobic infections.

Using metronidazole in oral dosages of 1.5 to 2 g daily, we treated 13 adults who had anaerobic pleuropulmonary infections, including 11 with lung abscess, one with necrotizing pneumonia, and one with thoracic empyema. Five patients (four with lung abscess and one with necrotizing pneumonia) were cured. The lung abscesses of 5 patients did not respond. For 3 patients (one with epigastric distress who refused metronidazole, one with undrained empyema, and one who died while receiving metronidazole), therapy could not be evaluated. Side effects included leukopenia (2 patients), leukopenia and neutropenia (one), neutropenia (one), dark urine (two), bitter taste (two), and epigastric distress (one). In light of our findings, metronidazole is not uniformly effective in the treatment of anaerobic pleuropulmonary infections.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Microbiologic and antibiotic aspects of infections in the oral and maxillofacial region.

An overview of infection as it applies to the oral and maxillofacial region has been provided. The following conclusions are drawn: odontogenic infections are caused by microbes found in the host's oral flora; cultures of purulent material generally will yield three to six anaerobes and one aerobe, (the aerobe is usually a Streptococcus species); Gram stains of purulent material can aid in therapeutic strategies; anaerobic as well as aerobic cultures are necessary to isolate all pathogens; pathogens found in infections of bite wounds reflect the oral flora of the aggressor; early postoperative wound infections are caused by the host's own flora, whereas later infections may be caused by hospital-acquired bacteria; and hepatitis B and herpes simplex virus are occupational hazards. Recommendations have been made for antimicrobial prophylaxis and for treatment. We recognize that some of these selections may be controversial. For instance, the value of prophylactic antibiotics in orthognathic surgery is not well defined; recommendations were made only in certain instances. However, in severe penetrating maxillofacial injuries with devitalized tissue, recommendations for antibiotics were for broad and prolonged coverage. In this instance, use of antibiotics is considered therapeutic and not prophylactic. In each instance, we tried to validate the selection. Our rationale has been to choose the antibiotics most active against the likely pathogens; additionally, consideration was given to drug toxicity and adverse reactions. We regard penicillin as the preferred agent for prophylaxis and treatment of most odontogenic infections. Alternative drugs include cephalosporins, doxycycline, and clindamycin. Erythoromycin and tetracycline are considered less effective than the former agents. Finally, we believe that successful treatment of infection depends as much on changing the microenvironment of the infected tissue by debridement and drainage as on appropriate antimicrobial therapy.

Actinomycosis↗
PubMed1978

In vitro sensitivity of Mycobacterium marinum to minocycline and doxycycline.

Using a Steers replicator technique the in vitro sensitivities of 32 clinical isolates of Mycobacterium marinum to doxycycline and minocycline were tested. Of 32 strains, sensitivity to doxycycline ranged from 3 strains (9%) with a drug concentration of 2 microgram/ml to 11 strains (34%) at a concentration of 6 microgram/ml. Sensitivity to minocycline ranged from 2 strains (6%) at the 2microgram/ml concentration to 23 strains (72%) at the 8 microgram/ml concentration. Our data suggest that a significant percentage of M. marinum strains are sensitive to therapeutically achievable levels of doxycycline and minocycline. These drugs may prove clinically useful in treating infections caused by sensitive strains of M. marinum.

Doxycycline↗
PubMed1977

Methicillin hemorrhagic cystitis.

Interstitial nephritis is a recognized complication of methicillin therapy. Hemorrhagic cystitis due to methicillin has not been emphasized. Evidence of hemorrhagic cystitis developed in six patients receiving methicillin therapy and was confirmed by cystoscopy in three of them.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Acute meningococcemia without meningitis in association with influenza-like illness.

An outbreak of meningococcal disease in a family of six resulted in four simultaneous cases of meningococcemia without meningitis. Although no definite explanation for this unusual collection of meningococcemia cases could be identified, a preceding influenza-like illness in the family may have increased their susceptibility to meningococcemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Brain abscess caused by Cladosporium trichoides (Bantianum): a case with paranasal sinus involvement.

Dematiacious fungi (ie, fungi with dark hyphae) are a rare and usually fatal cause of central nervous system infection. Cladosporium trichoides has been implicated most frequently. Documentation of extra-CNS involvement has been rare. Our patient had a brain abscess and paranasal sinus infection due to C trichoides. The organism was sensitive to less than or equal 2mug/ml of flucytosine. Although our patient did not receive flucytosine, it is possible that this drug, because of its excellent penetration into the cerebrospinal fluid, may be a useful therapeutic agent in cerebral cladosporiosis.

Brain Abscess↗