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Biomedical subjects

C Toussaint

Publications and source records attributed to C Toussaint.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Identification of HLA-DR antigenic disparities favorable and unfavorable in renal transplantation].

In order to detect possible influences of donor (D)/recipient (R) HLA-DR antigen disparities on graft survival, 310 renal cadaver transplantations performed from January 1980 to July 1988 were analyzed. For each DR1 to DR7 specificity, 4 combinations were considered according to the presence (pos) or the absence (neg) of the antigen in the D and in the R. Logistic regression was used to study graft survival during two postoperative periods: A (month 1 to 3) and B (month 4 to 24). The following combinations exerted a beneficial effect on survival: DR5 and DR7 Dpos/Rneg for period A, DR4 Dpos/Rneg and DR5 Dneg/Rpos for period B, whereas DRw6 and DR7 Dneg/Rpos for period A, DR1 and DR2 Dpos/Rneg, DR2 and DRw6 Dneg/Rpos for period B exerted a detrimental effect. Graft survival at two years was similar (83%) in HLA-DR identical pairs and in recipients with beneficial and no detrimental HLA-DR disparities, contrasting with poorer outcome in patients with either mixed beneficial and detrimental HLA-DR disparities (67%: p less than 0.05) or detrimental (and no beneficial) HLA-DR disparities (55%: p less than 0.001). The use of relevant D/R HLA-DR disparities for predicting graft outcome could lead to results similar to those currently reported with the best HLA-matched kidneys, from a much smaller pool of recipients.

Graft Survival↗
PubMed1989

[Testicular germinal tumors. Current therapeutic principles].

The cure rate for germinal tumors of the testes are now very high, greater than 80%, all stages and histological types taken as a whole. This calls for a revision of therapeutic indications, in light of these results and modern staging methods. In localized stages, or tumors associated with a good prognosis, therapeutic de-escalation is in progress, in order to limit the side effects. In invasive forms or forms associated with a poor prognosis, the use of more aggressive methods, such as high dose chemotherapy, should further improve prognosis.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1988

Late mortality and morbidity five to eighteen years after kidney transplantation.

The experience with 102 kidney transplants (86 from cadaver donors) functioning more than 5 years in 99 patients followed in one center is reviewed. With the 100% survival point set at 5 years, patient and graft survivals were 92% and 73% at 10 years, and 70% and 56% at 15 years, respectively. Of those 102 recipients, 58 are presently alive with a functioning graft and 18 died with a functioning graft; 26 patients rejected their graft after a mean interval of 8.3 years posttransplant, 11 of them died within 4-45 months following readmission to dialysis. For the whole group, 29 patients died after a mean period of 10 years following transplantation. Main causes of death were vascular catastrophes (48%), malignancies (21%), sepsis (17%), and liver failure (14%). Because vascular accidents, hepatic failure, and sepsis predominated in male patients, the overall late mortality was higher in male (37%) than in female (25%) patients. The high incidence of late complications--including chronic and acute graft rejections--in long-term kidney recipients constitutes a strong argument for maintaining constant supervision of those patients by a medical team with extensive experience with transplantation.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Non-obstructive kidney transplant dysfunction: magnetic resonance evaluation.

The value of magnetic resonance imaging in the differential diagnosis of non-obstructive dysfunction of renal allografts was studied in a series of 58 examinations at 0.5 T. Four parameters were evaluated: the corticomedullary differentiation; the relative thickness of the cortex; the evolution, with echo number, of the relative signal intensities of kidney parenchyma and adjacent fatty tissue on images generated by a long time to repeat multiecho sequence; and the proximal vascularization. The loss of corticomedullary differentiation is the major finding in acute rejection, but it is not specific as it is also observed in chronic rejection and in the much rarer acute glomerulonephritis. Thickening of the cortex is helpful for the detection of rejected transplants with visible corticomedullary delineation (26% of the cases). Uncomplicated acute tubular necrosis appears as a normal transplant.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Effect of water containing calcium and magnesium sulfates on the elimination of cholesterol in the rat].

In the rat, the activity of the thermal water of Capvern and of its ionic components on the modification of the flow rate and composition of hepatic bile has been investigated. Two groups of rats were selected: the first group received per os an overload of the thermal water during six weeks. At that time on empty stomach a great increase of biliary phospholipids was observed. An intraduodenal injection of the thermal water produced a significant and rapid increase of biliary flow rate and biliary cholesterol. the animals of the second group received through intraduodenal injections the thermal water or an anionic solution composed of calcium, of magnesium sulphate or of both salts at their concentration in the thermal water, respectively. We observed an increase in biliary flow rate and biliary calcium concentration in the rats receiving the solution of calcium sulphate only and an increase of choleresis in the rats receiving the thermal water only. These data suggest that the thermal water has a specific action on the metabolism of cholesterol in increasing its biliary elimination particularly through the calcium ion content of the water.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Hyperactivity of donor B cells after neonatal induction of lymphoid chimerism in mice.

Balb/c mice made chimaeric by neonatal injection of semi-allogeneic (A/J x Balb/c)F1 hybrid spleen cells develop anti-DNA and rheumatoid factor-like antibodies in the context of hypergammaglobulinaemia with marked elevation of IgG1 and IgE serum levels. Chimaeric mice also display increased levels of antibodies to different haptens and to tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). The allotypic marker of the A/J strain is present on anti-DNA and anti-hapten antibodies. In addition, spleen cells of chimaeric mice spontaneously produce high levels of IgG1 and anti-DNA antibodies in vitro and this hyperactivity is abolished after lysis of donor lymphocytes. These findings indicate that polyclonal activation of donor B cells plays an important role in this model of autoimmunity.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Initial chemotherapy in the treatment of inflammatory breast cancers. 230 cases].

The results of 2 chemotherapeutic regimens used in 170 cases of inflammatory breast cancer were compared with those obtained in 60 historical controls treated with radiotherapy and hormonal therapy. Inflammatory breast cancers could be divided into evolutive phase 2 with limited signs of inflammation and evolutive phase 3 where inflammation involved the whole breast. The 60 controls had been treated between 1967 and 1974 with radiotherapy (45 Gy plus an extra dose of 20 or 30 Gy); premenopausal patients underwent ovarian irradiation. The 91 patients treated with regimen A between 1976 and 1980 received a DVM-type induction chemotherapy (doxorubicin 40 mg/m2 on day 1, vincristin 1 mg/m2 on day 2, and methotrexate 6 mg/m2 on days 3, 4, 5) every 3 or 4 weeks, and a VCF-type maintenance chemotherapy (vincristin 1 mg/m2 on day 1, cyclophosphamide 200 mg/m2 on days 2, 3, 4 and 5-fluorouracil 300 mg/m2 on days 2, 3, 4) every 4 weeks. Premenopausal patients had their ovaries irradiated; postmenopausal patients received tamoxifen. The therapeutic sequence was: 3 DVM - 45 Gy - DVM - 15 Gy - 4 DVM - 4-12 VCF. The 79 patients treated between 1980 and 1982 with regimen B received a DVCMF-type induction therapy (doxorubicin 50 mg/m2 on day 1, vincristin 0.6 mg/m2 on day 2, 5-fluorouracil 300 mg/m2 on days 3, 4, 5, cyclophosphamide 200 mg/m2 on days 3, 4, 5 and methotrexate 10 mg/m2 on days 3, 4, 5) every 4 weeks. Hormonal therapy was the same as with regimen A. The sequence was 3 DVCMF - 45 Gy - DVM - 20-25 Gy - 4 DVM - 4-12 VCF. The survival rate at 3 years was 42% in controls, 53% in regimen A patients and 74% in regimen B patients (P less than 0.05). The relapse-free survival rates in these three groups at 3 years were 15%, 32% and 54% respectively (P less than 0.0008). These results suggest that a multidisciplinary approach and initial chemotherapy are useful in this type of breast cancer. The value of prolonged maintenance treatment is discussed.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗