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Biomedical subjects

C Thomas

Publications and source records attributed to C Thomas.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Angiodynography of circumscribed thyroid changes].

Conventional methods of thyroid diagnosis, such as scintigraphy, differentiate between hot and cold areas, but within cold areas no distinction between malignant and benign changes is possible. Angiodynography provides a new method which gives the usual sonographic information and also indicated variations in blood-flow in the organ. Various diagnostic methods--thyroid scintigraphy, conventional sonography, fine-needle biopsy and angiodynography--have been compared in patients with focal thyroid disease. It has been shown that it is possible to differentiate between malignant and benign lesions on the basis of their vascularisation.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Diagnostic value of angiodynography in pulsating space-occupying lesions].

19 patients with undiagnosed pulsating masses occurring after angiography, by-pass surgery or trauma were examined by conventional ultrasound, duplex sonography, angiodynography and, in some cases, by angiography. There were nine pseudo-aneurysms and 13 haematomas; in each case the diagnosis was made by duplex sonography and by angiodynography. Pseudoaneurysms show the following typical signs on angiodynography: 1. Typical wave form during spectrum analysis, 2. Specific blood-flow pattern into and out of the aneurysm, 3. Turbulence within the aneurysm. Angiodynography provides a reliable, rapid and exact means of diagnosis. In future, this will be able to replace more invasive procedures such as angiography.

Aneurysm↗
PubMed1989

[Angiodynography of idiopathic varicocele compared to conventional methods].

21 patients with left-sided idiopathic varicoceles were examined by angiodynography, Doppler sonography and phlebography. Patients treated by sclerosis therapy were re-examined by angiodynography and Doppler sonography after six weeks. Both methods permitted classification into a "stop & shunt type". Angiodynography, particularly for small varicoceles, was quicker and more pleasant for the patient. Real time imaging by angiodynography makes it possible to evaluate pre- and posttherapeutic changes in the pampiniform plexus and in the scrotum.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

ELISA for detection of antibodies to a type D retrovirus, SRV-W.

An ELISA was developed to detect antibodies to a Type D retrovirus, SRV-W. The interpretation of the ELISA results were based on: 1) Comparisons of known antibody positive (to a closely related type D retrovirus) and negative serum samples, 2) the ability of ELISA reactivity to be absorbed with a Type D virus but not a mock virus preparation, and 3) analysis by a Western Blot assay as an alterative way to identify antibody to the Type D retrovirus.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

The interaction of nitrous oxide and isoflurane with incomplete cerebral ischemia in the rat.

In rats with incomplete cerebral ischemia the effects of 70% N2O alone, isoflurane alone (0.5 and 1 MAC), and the combination of N2O + isoflurane on neurologic outcome, neurohistopathology, and EEG were compared. Moderate and severe ischemia were produced by right carotid artery occlusion combined with hemorrhagic hypotension (moderate ischemia, MAP = 30 mmHg, FIO2 = 0.30; severe ischemia, MAP = 25 mmHg, FIO2 = 0.20). Neurologic outcome was evaluated using a graded deficit score from 0 to 5 (0 = normal, 5 = death associated with stroke), and neurohistopathology was evaluated using a 40-point scale from 0 = normal to 40 = total hemisphere infarct at the level of the caudate nucleus in coronal section. Compared with N2O alone, isoflurane (0.5 and 1 MAC) improved neurologic outcome following moderate ischemia (P less than 0.05). Isoflurane also decreased histopathologic damage following moderate ischemia (N2O control = 33 +/- 1 vs. 0.5 MAC isoflurane = 11 +/- 4 and 1 MAC isoflurane = 12 +/- 3, P less than 0.05), whereas only 0.5 MAC isoflurane decreased histopathologic damage following severe ischemia (N2O control = 38 +/- 1 vs. 0.5 MAC isoflurane = 25 +/- 5; P less than 0.05) Adding N2O to 0.5 MAC isoflurane attenuated the neurologic protective effect of isoflurane alone and increased histopathologic damage following both moderate and severe ischemia (moderate = 23 +/- 5, severe = 37 +/- 2; both P greater than 0.05 compared with N2O controls). The effect of adding 70% N2O to isoflurane on cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebral oxygen consumption(CMRO2) was also evaluated.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Anesthesia, Inhalation↗
PubMed1989

Performance profiles of topical antimicrobials in vitro.

The in-vitro efficacy of commercially available topical antimicrobial products against control strains and those from clinical material are compared with an agar diffusion model. The MICs of the constituent antimicrobial compounds have been determined for the same organisms. Plotting the inhibition zone diameters produced by the topical products against the log10 MICs of their constituent antimicrobial compound(s) gives overall product performance profiles for a range of organisms. These profiles confirm that the formulation of a topical product clearly modifies the response obtained with a specific antimicrobial compound.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1989

Hierarchy of characteristics associated with depressive symptoms in an urban elderly sample.

In contrast to the uncertainty about the prevalence and importance of late-life depressive disorders, a consistent pattern of risk factors for depressive symptoms has been shown by studies using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). The authors surveyed a representative sample of 2,137 elderly community residents with the CES-D and found a hierarchy of characteristics associated with substantial levels of depressive symptoms: illness, disability, isolation, bereavement, and poverty. If these findings are confirmed by prospective studies, addressing modifiable factors in the emergence, persistence, and remission of depressive symptoms might extend the independent survival of older adults.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1989

Cerebrovascular complications of mucinous cancers.

Six patients with mucinous cancer (2 colonic, 2 pancreatic, and 2 pulmonary origin) had necropsy evidence of thrombosis of large and small systemic, extracranial, and intracranial arteries and veins, and multiple cerebral infarcts and small hemorrhages. On microscopic examination, we found small infarcts and hemorrhages within the brain and mucin within vessels, macrophages, and in areas of infarction. The clinical picture included strokes and encephalopathy. Mucin-producing cancers can be associated with a coagulopathy that causes extensive occlusive vascular disease.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1989

Radiosensitivity of mouse lip mucosa: influence of anesthesia, carbogen, and a new high O2 carrying perfluorochemical emulsion.

The effect of a new perfluorochemical emulsion based on F-66E (54%, w/v) which carries, in combination with carbogen, twice as much oxygen as Fluosol-DA 20% was tested on the radiation response of the lip mucosa of unanesthetized mice. Mice were pretreated with 0.015 ml/g of the F-66E emulsion in the presence of carbogen for 1 h prior to and during irradiation. There was a significant increase in the mortality rate following the highest radiation dose in mice given F-66E emulsion plus carbogen. The reactions of lip mucosa of mice given F-66E emulsion and/or carbogen were not significantly different from that of the control group using three end points (average score, mean peak, incidence of mucosal desquamation), but the peak mucosal reaction was delayed. The radiosensitivity of the mouse lip mucosa to Ethrane, an anesthetic gas inhaled with carbogen, was also tested. The reaction of lip mucosa in the anesthetized mice was significantly greater than that of the control group. There was also a significant increase in the mortality rate following the two highest radiation doses.

Anesthesia, Inhalation↗
PubMed1989

[Nephrotic syndrome and B leukemia].

A boy, aged 14 1/2 years, presented with Burkitt leukemia. His renal status was normal before treatment. Chemotherapy (SFOP LMB 86 protocol) was begun Oct. 9, 1986. After the first 2 courses of chemotherapy, the patient had Gram negative sepsis treated with cefotaxime, netilmycine, Vancomycin and ornidazole. During sepsis, nephrotic syndrome developed (albumin 25 g/l, non selective proteinuria 15 g/24 h), with moderately high blood pressure, functional renal failure (creatinine 141 mumols/l, U/P urea = 20), polyuria and tubular damage. Kidney ultrasonography was normal. Needle biopsy showed minimal glomerular lesions, acute tubular lesions, and no deposits in immunofluorescence. The nephrotic syndrome disappeared within 3 weeks, with treatment of leukemia. He is at present in complete remission with a follow-up of 25 months.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Specialty beds: decision making made easy.

Health care costs continue to escalate as we approach the twenty-first century. Care givers need to be knowledgeable, cost effective and efficient regarding monies spent for health care. The use of specialty beds is one important economic issue facing all health care personnel in acute care settings, extended care facilities, and home care. There are many different types of specialty beds from which to choose. It is important for health care givers to be cognizant of the advantages as well as the limitations each type of specialty bed offers patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Amphotericin B-sterol complex formation and competition with egg phosphatidylcholine: a monolayer study.

The conditions of formation of amphotericin B-cholesterol or -ergosterol complexes in monolayers are investigated by the penetration into a monolayer of egg phosphatidylcholine/sterol of 14C-labelled N-fructosyl-amphotericin B dissolved in the aqueous subphase. An increase of both surface pressure and radioactivity as a function of concentration are observed simultaneously while a 'saturation' effect occurs only for the surface pressure. The experiments are not accurate enough to make conclusions about the number of actually penetrated amphotericin B molecules. Therefore, the existence of an amphotericin B-sterol complex was evidenced from a study of surface pressure area per molecule isotherm. The results indicate that a complex with a 2:1 stoichiometry is formed and that the amphotericin B-ergosterol interaction is larger than the amphotericin B-cholesterol interaction. The complex is dissociated by addition of egg phosphatidylcholine due to a competition between egg phosphatidylcholine and amphotericin B for sterol.

Amphotericin B↗
PubMed1988

Epidermal growth factor stimulates phosphatidylinositol turnover for ten hours in A431 cells without activation of protein kinase C.

Epidermal Growth Factor stimulated phosphatidylinositol turnover in A431 cells for up to ten hours. There was an increase in phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate, phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate and phosphatidic acid at all time points. The effects on the inositol phosphates were variable. Despite the activation of the phosphatidylinositol cycle, we were unable to demonstrate activation of protein kinase C.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Infantile Gaucher's disease: a case with neuronal storage.

The brain of a 17-month-old boy with infantile Gaucher's disease and oculomotor apraxia was studied by light and electron microscopy. Light microscopic examination showed large perivascular accumulations of Gaucher's cells in frontal lobe white matter, severe neuronal loss in the calcarine cortex and dentate nucleus of the cerebellum, and neuronophagia and microglial nodules in the brainstem. Electron microscopy demonstrated intraneuronal cytoplasmic inclusions containing twisted tubules characteristic of Gaucher's disease in both the oculomotor nucleus and a random sample of cortex.

Brain↗
PubMed1988

Pre-operative discrimination between benign and malignant ovarian tumors using a combination of CA125 and CA15.3 serum assays.

Serum levels of CA125 and CA15.3 were measured in 70 patients presenting with an ovarian neoplasm, of whom 38 had an ovarian malignancy and 32 a benign ovarian tumor. CA125 levels exceeded 35 U/ml in 71% of ovarian carcinomas and in 25% of benign ovarian tumors. In the entire group of 70 patients, CA125 levels (greater than 35 U/ml) were elevated in 35 patients, of whom 27 had ovarian cancer. CA15.3 levels were found to be elevated (greater than 30 U/ml) in 9% of benign ovarian tumors and in 50% of ovarian malignancies. Of 8 patients with a false positive CA125 (greater than 35) elevation, only one had an elevated CA15.3 level whereas in 27 correct positive patients 19 also had elevated CA15.3 levels. Of all 20 patients with both markers elevated, 19 patients (95%) had ovarian cancer. When a cut-off level of 65 U/ml was used for the tumor marker CA125, all patients with simultaneous elevation of both markers were found to have an ovarian malignancy. Using a panel of CA125 (greater than 35 U/ml) and CA15.3 (greater than 30 U/ml) and requiring a simultaneous marker elevation, the sensitivity of the test decreased from 71% to 50% but the corresponding specificity of the test rose from 75% to 97%. Specificity was as high as 100% if in the same panel of tests a 65 U/ml cut-off for CA125 was taken. A comparison of early stage I-II ovarian cancer with benign ovarian tumors failed to demonstrate a discriminatory capacity of any test or test combination. We conclude that the use of a panel of tumor markers is advantageous in the pre-operative discrimination of benign and malignant ovarian tumors, since the predictive value for malignancy of a combined marker elevation was as high as 100% in the population studied.

Adult↗