Clinical quiz. Schimke immunoosseous dysplasia syndrome (SIOD).
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Abnormalities, Multiple↗
Biomedical subjects
C Tellez
Publications and source records attributed to C Tellez.
Inhibition of tumor growth and metastasis of human melanoma by intracellular anti-ATF-1 single chain Fv fragment.
Activating transcription factor-1 (ATF-1) and cAMP-responsive element (CRE)-binding protein (CREB) have been implicated in cAMP and Ca2+-induced transcriptional activation. The expression of the transcription factors CREB and ATF-1 is upregulated in metastatic melanoma cells. However, how overexpression of ATF-1/CREB contributes to the acquisition of the metastatic phenotype remains unclear. Here, the effect of disrupting ATF-1 activity was investigated using intracellular expression of an inhibitory anti-ATF-1 single chain antibody fragment (ScFv). Intracellular expression of ScFv anti-ATF-1 in MeWo melanoma cells caused significant reduction in CRE-dependent promoter activation. In addition, expression of ScFv anti-ATF-1 in melanoma cells suppressed their tumorigenicity and metastatic potential in nude mice. ScFv anti-ATF-1 rendered the melanoma cells susceptible to thapsigargin-induced apoptosis in vitro and caused massive apoptosis in tumors transplanted subcutaneously into nude mice, suggesting that ATF-1 and its associated proteins act as survival factor for human melanoma cells. This is the first report to demonstrate the potential of ScFv anti-ATF-1 as an inhibitor of tumor growth and metastasis of solid tumor in vivo. Oncogene (2000).
Activating Transcription Factor 1↗
Lymphoma of the central nervous system in AIDS.
Central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma is a common complication of patients with HIV infection occurring in as many as 20% of patients with AIDS. This article reviews current observations on primary CNS lymphoma and systemic AIDS-related lymphoma with CNS involvement. Clinical features, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, clinical course, and therapeutic options are herein reviewed.
Central Nervous System Neoplasms↗
Phase II trial of chemoembolization for the treatment of metastatic colorectal carcinoma to the liver and review of the literature.
BACKGROUND: Hepatic artery chemoembolization represents an alternative treatment for patients whose neoplastic lesions are not amenable or have become refractory to other treatment modalities. This project was designed to test the feasibility of regional chemoembolization for patients with colorectal carcinoma metastasis to the liver who had experienced failure with one or more systemic treatments. METHODS: Thirty patients who met the study entry criteria underwent one to three hepatic artery chemoembolizations. The chemoembolization regimen consisted of an injection of a bovine collagen material with cisplatin (10 mg/mL), doxorubicin (3 mg/mL), and mitomycin C (3 mg/mL). Repeat treatments were performed at 6- to 8-week intervals. RESULTS: Radiologic responses, as measured by a decrease in lesion density of at least 75% of the lesion or a 25% decrease in the size of the lesion, occurred in 63% of the cases. A decrease of at least 25% of the baseline carcinoembryonic antigen level occurred in 95% of the cases. All responses were transient. Median survival for all 30 patients was 8.6 months after the initiation of chemoembolization and 29 months after the initial diagnosis of metastasis to the liver. Common toxicities included a "postembolization syndrome," which consisted of fever > 101 degrees F (83%), pain in the right upper quadrant (100%), nausea, and vomiting. Lethargy was a common occurrence (in 60+% of cases) and lasted up to 6 weeks. Hematologic toxicities included leukocytosis, anemia, and thrombocytopenia. CONCLUSIONS: Chemoembolization is a feasible treatment modality for patients with colorectal carcinoma metastasis to the liver who have experienced failure with other systemic treatments. It results in high response rates with transient mild-to-moderate toxicity. Responses are measured in months, however, and all patients have eventual progression of disease. Patients who are able to undergo three or more chemoembolization procedures may receive the most clinical benefit.
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
Local-regional therapy for metastatic liver tumors.
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Chemoembolization, Therapeutic↗
Hormonal treatment of advanced breast cancer.
Endocrine therapy for breast cancer has been used for almost a century, but because of the enormous success of tamoxifen there has been a resurgence of interest by the pharmaceutical industry to develop new and innovative endocrine therapies. Overall, the strategy is quite simple. Estrogen stimulates growth; therefore, the goal is to deny the breast tumor estrogens. Tamoxifen accomplishes this by blocking the estrogen receptor. The new antiestrogens, toremifene and droloxifene, however, appear to have no greater activity than tamoxifen in the treatment of advanced disease and therefore may ultimately offer no advantages over current therapy. In contrast, the pure antiestrogens hold additional promise as they may produce a more profound inhibitory effect on the tumor, and the response may be maintained longer. An orally active, pure antiestrogen, however, would be an important advance. The strategy of using GnRH agonists for premenopausal patients clearly has merit to produce a chemical oophorectomy. The strategy could be integrated into the general treatment plan for the young premenopausal patient taking tamoxifen who may not have had her menstrual cycles stopped by combination chemotherapy. The GnRH agonists would block the reflex rise in estradiol caused by tamoxifen therapy and ultimately produce a more efficient antihormonal therapy. Indeed, the different specific aromatase inhibitors can also be integrated into the treatment plan to produce a complete estrogen blockade. Whether the use will be found to be superior to pure antiestrogens, however, must await the completion of comparative clinical studies. If all the results of endocrine therapy are therapeutically similar, the final strategy may depend on the acceptability by the patient of an individual delivery method for each pharmaceutical approach.
Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal↗
[A case of neutropenia and agranulocytosis induced by clozapine. The importance of a drug surveillance program for their early detection].
Clozapine is an atypical antipsychotic drug with a very low incidence of extrapyramidal effects, used in the treatment of schizophrenic patients refractory or intolerant to classical neuroleptics. Its use is limited due to the potential risk of producing agranulocytosis in 1 to 2% of patients. Despite the severity of this complication, the Federal Drug Administration allowed its use as long as its prescription is associated to a drug surveillance program that controls regularly the white cell count of patients using the drug. Three hundred three patients (210 male) have been admitted to a clozapine drug surveillance program. Two patients had a transitory leukopenia with less than 2000 leukocytes/ml and less than 1000 neutrophyls/ml, that reverted after discontinuing the drug. One patient, whose case is described, had a severe agranulocytosis with less than 500 neutrophyls/ml that required hospital admission.
Adult↗
An optimal morphometric method for quantitating wound epithelization.
A new, inexpensive method for quantitative evaluation of reepithelization of shallow split thickness wounds in piglets is described. Wounds, 2.2 X 2.2 cm and 0.4 mm depth are inflicted by an electro-keratome knife in domestic piglets. At a specific time after wounding, the wound area is excised and processed for histology. A computer simulation, based on a randomized systematic sectioning of an entire wound, was used to conclude that only eight sections from the 2.2 X 2.2 cm wound are needed for the final evaluation. The results showed that the above method allows for determination of the epithelization magnitude within +/- 5% at a 95% confidence limit. It was found that in 15 kg piglets 50% epithelization of the above wounds was achieved in 65 hr; however, there exists a great interindividual variability. The rate of epithelization is age dependent and significantly faster in 7 kg body weight piglets than in those weighing 40 kg. The epithelization rate was the same at both the wound edge and the center of the wound, stressing the importance of hair follicles as a source of epithelization.
Animals↗
Brain and spinal cord lesions in the newborn rat.
Previous studies involving the induction of central nervous system lesions in animals have required complex, expensive equipment including sterotaxis and an operating microscope. This study describes a technique for producing telencephalic (forebrain) lesions in the developing rat by the use of copper wire. In addition, a nonvisual method of producing spinal cord transections in the young rat is discussed. Both techniques have a high succes rate and minimal mortality.
Animals↗