Surgical anti-reflux therapy appears to involve the muscles of the proximal gastric cardia and those of the lower esophageal sphincter. In an experimental canine reflux model, we injected sclerosant solution into the submucosa of the proximal gastric cardia, hypothesizing that the subsequent fibrotic reaction might exert an anti-reflux effect. Reflux was induced by atropine infusion, and the amount of reflux was quantitated by pH monitoring. Endoscopic sclerosis was effective in preventing reflux induced by high-dose atropine. Because the length and pressure of the lower esophageal sphincter were unaffected by endoscopic treatment, reflux prevention was possibly related to enhancement of the gastric component of the reflux barrier.

Animals↗

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Endoscopic sclerosis prevents experimental reflux for longer than 12 months: reinforcement of the gastric component of the reflux barrier?

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Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Unusual complication of nasogastric esophageal intubation-erosion into an aberrant right subclavian artery.

The case history is presented of a seventeen year old female with a complicated postoperative course following a cesarean section. The patient expired following a massive upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage secondary to erosion of an indwelling nasogastric tube through the esophagus into an aberrant right subclavian artery. Emphasis is placed on an aggressive diagnostic approach to this problem using endoscopy.

Adolescent↗

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The influence of physical activity in 1,2 dimethylhydrazine induced colon carcinogenesis in the rat.

Recent epidemiologic findings indicate that relative risk of colon cancer is augmented with increasing proportion of time spent on sedentary occupations, and reduced with occupations requiring high levels of work-related physical activity. Therefore, the influence of exercise on experimental colon carcinogenesis was investigated. Spontaneous running wheel activity was related to incidence of 1,2 dimethylhydrazine (DMH) colon tumor induction. Colon tumor incidence was significantly reduced in animals that were allowed spontaneous wheel activity throughout the period of DMH tumor induction vs standard housed controls (p less than 0.05), indicating that, in the rat, physical activity protects against colon tumorigenesis. Further comparisons reveal a mild positive association (p = 0.07) between activity and incidence of tumors in the left colon. These results are in accord with epidemiologic findings indicating reduced colon cancer risk with increased physical activity. Possible mechanisms for the protective influence of physical activity on tumorigenesis include reduction in fecal pH, body weight and increased antioxidant enzyme activity. To the extent that epidemiologic associations between colon cancer and activity are inclusive of the multidimensional nature of physical activity, animal models such as that utilized in this experiment can be utilized for investigating the etiologic potential, or strength of association in variables that have been epidemiologically associated with colon cancer risk.

1,2-Dimethylhydrazine↗

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