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Biomedical subjects

C Sullivan

Publications and source records attributed to C Sullivan.

90 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

The incidence of acute brain injury and serious impairment in a defined population.

Studies on the incidence and epidemiologic features of brain injury and the immediate medical outcomes are few, and published results have serious methodological inconsistencies which prohibit comparisons. This study provides incidence rates of brain injury among the residents of San Diego, California. Cases had clinical confirmation and onset of injury occurred during 1981. The 3358 cases identified represent a rate of 180/100,000 with males having a 2.2 times higher rate than females. Rates were highest for males aged 15-24 years and, for both genders, those over age 70. Forty-eight per cent of all cases were from transport-related causes, followed by falls (21%) and assaults (12%). Over 11% were dead-on-arrival, and 16% were classified as having moderate or severe brain damage on admission to a hospital. Age- and sex-specific incidence rates varied according to external cause of injury. For example, for most subcategories of motor vehicle crashes and for assaults, the incidence rate was highest among males aged 15-24, while for brain injuries from falls or firearms, highest incidence rates were observed in older age groups. Almost 7% of all cases discharged alive from an acute care hospital had significant neurologic sequelae. The impact of brain injury is discussed as a major unresolved public health problem.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1980

Analysis of the proliferation kinetics of Burkitt's lymphoma cells.

The in vitro proliferation kinetics of a cell line derived from a patient with American Burkitt's lymphoma were investigated at three different growth phases: lag (day 1), exponential (day 3) and plateau (day 5). The growth curve, labeling and mitotic indices, percentage labeled mitosis (PLM) curves and DNA content distributions were determined. The data obtained have been analysed by the previously developed discrete-time kinetic (DTK) model by which a time course of DNA distributions during a 10-day growth period was characterized in terms of other cell kinetic parameters. The mean cell cycle times, initially estimated from PLM curves on days 1, 3 and 5, were further analysed by the DTK model of DNA distributions and subsequently the mean cell cycle times with respect to DNA distributions during the entire growth period were determined. The doubling times were 39.6, 31.2 and 67.2 hr, respectively, at days 1, 3 and 5. The mean cell cycle time increased from 23.0 to 37.7 hr from day 3 to day 5 mainly due to an elongation of the G1 and G2 phases. A slight increase in the cell loss rate from 0.0077 to 0.0081 fraction/hr was accompanied by a decrease in the cell production rate from 0.0299 to 0.0184 fraction/hr. This calculated cell loss rate correlated significantly with the number of dead cells determined by trypan blue exclusion. Analysis of the number of dead cells in relation to the cell cycle stage revealed that a majority of cell death occurred in G1 (r + 0.908; P < 0.0001). There was a good correlation between the in vitro proliferation kinetics at plateau phase of this Burkitt's lymphoma derived cell line and the in vivo proliferation kinetics of African Burkitt's lymphoma (Iversen et al., 1974), suggesting the potential utility of information obtained by in vitro kinetic studies.

Burkitt Lymphoma↗
PubMed1979

Epidemic measles in young adults. Clinical, epidemiologic, and serologic studies.

An outbreak of measles at the University of California at Los Angeles provided the opportunity to study clinical, epidemiologic, and serologic characteristics of the disease in young adults in the present vaccine era. Of the 34 cases studied, 18 occurred in persons who thought they were immune. Fifteen of 19 seronegative students vaccinated during the epidemic responded with a secondary (IgG) antibody response. Antibody prevalence studies indicated that 91% of the student population had measles antibody at the onset of the outbreak, and history relating to measles correlated poorly with antibody prevalence. Of 212 adults vaccinated, 58% complained of one or more symptoms. Seventeen percent were confined to bed, and in three women vaccine-associated illness was notably severe. That measles will continue to be a problem in adults with our present national approach to immunization is predicted.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Chemoimmunotherapy of sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma.

Sarcomatoid renal adenocarcinomas are rare, invariably fatal tumors. There is only one report of treatment of this tumor with chemotherapy. We report a case of an advanced sarcomatoid renal adenocarcinoma treated with chemoimmunotherapy consisting of cyclophosphamide, vincristine, Adriamycin (doxorubicin), DTIC, BCG, and sarcoma viral oncolysate. The patient had an objective response with a marked reduction in the size of the tumor mass. The residual tumor was removed surgically, and the patient remains in complete remission two years after the diagnosis was made.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1977

Metabolic regulation as a control for lipid disorders. I. Influence of (--)-hydroxycitrate on experimentally induced obesity in the rodent.

The feasibility of treating obesity by metabolic regulation has been explored in this study by examining the effect of (--)-hydroxycitrate on three types of experimentally induced obesity in the rodent.(--)-Hydroxycitrate was utilized because it depressed fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis in vivo through its activity as a potent competitive inhibitor of APT citrate lyase. In all models, the mature rat, the goldthioglucose-induced obese mouse, and the ventromedial hypothalmic lesioned obese rat, food intake and body weight gain were reduced signficantly by the chronic oral administration of a nontoxic dose of (--)-hydroxcitrate. Body composition analyses of mature rats treated with (--)-hydroxycitrate demonstrated a significant depression of body lipid levels and an unaltered body protein content. However, a citrate administration produced no significant effects on weight gain, food intake, or body lipid or protein levels when compared to controls.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Nasal septal abscess due to Staphylococcus aureus in a patient with AIDS.

Nasal septal abscess is a potentially serious infection about which there has been little information in the infectious disease literature. A patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who developed a nasal septal abscess was studied, and the literature about this infection was reviewed.

AIDS-Related Complex↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of virtual reality during dental treatment on child anxiety and behavior.

Virtual reality, a three-dimensional computer generated world, has been shown to relax adults during dental treatment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of virtual reality on the behavior and anxiety of children during dental treatment. The behavior, anxiety and heart rate of twenty-six children, ages five to seven years were evaluated for the first five minutes of two restorative treatment visits. Thirteen children viewed virtual reality at their first restorative visit and not the second, and thirteen children viewed virtual reality at the second restorative visit and not the first. Before and immediately following the restorative visits, each child was instructed to draw a human figure. The restorative appointments were video recorded and heart rate monitored. The drawings and videotapes were rated independently by two examiners. The Koppitz method of evaluating drawings was used to measure anxiety. The Frankl behavior rating scale was used to evaluate behavior. Differences (ANOVA) in behavior (p < or = 0.50) and anxiety (p < or = 0.65) were not significant. The overall pulse rate was significantly lower (ANOVA p < or = 0.001) when the child was wearing glasses and viewing virtual reality. In conclusion, virtual reality during dental treatment had no significant effect on the behavior or anxiety but significantly reduced the pulse.

Adult↗