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Biomedical subjects

C Strong

Publications and source records attributed to C Strong.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

The premature breech: caesarean section or trial of labour?

Obstetricians face difficult decisions when the interests of fetus and mother conflict. An example is the problem of choosing the delivery method when labour begins prematurely and the fetus is breech. Vaginal delivery involves risks for the breech fetus of brain damage or death caused by umbilical cord compression and head entrapment. Caesarean section might avoid these dangers but involves risks for the mother, including infection, haemorrhage and even death in a small percentage of cases. If a caesarean section is performed the infant might die anyway, due to complications of prematurity. Thus, decisions about delivery method involve balancing the risks to mother and fetus. Uncertainty about the frequency of fetal injuries in vaginal breech deliveries adds to the difficulty of these decisions.

Beginning of Human Life↗
PubMed1987

Ethical conflicts between mother and fetus in obstetrics.

Conflicts between the interests of mother and fetus can create difficult ethical problems for obstetricians. Several types of problems are discussed, with the aim of identifying major viewpoints and arguments supporting each view. Approaches are defended that involve balancing maternal and fetal interests in individual cases, and factors that might be considered in such balancing are identified.

Beginning of Human Life↗
PubMed1986

Obstetric decision-making: responses to patients who request cesarean delivery.

The right of patients to be actively involved in treatment decisions is now widely accepted. A survey of 112 obstetricians was conducted to determine their responses to several cases in which a laboring woman asks for a cesarean section, even though the obstetrician has recommended a continued trial of labor/vaginal delivery. In 12 of the 19 cases there was substantial variation among respondents in the decision to agree with the patient. There was also no agreement, in many of these cases, on the presence or absence of a medical indication for abdominal delivery. The ethical aspects of this problem are explored.

Cesarean Section↗
PubMed1986

Teaching of bioethics within a residency program in obstetrics and gynecology.

A formal curriculum for the teaching of bioethics was instituted within an obstetric and gynecologic residency program. The curriculum included an introductory lecture series, an ongoing series of case presentations, and occasional grand rounds on particular issues. An emphasis was placed on physician responsibilities within contemporary bioethical parameters. A summary of the first year of such an effort is presented.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

The single woman and artificial insemination by donor.

Requests by single women for artificial insemination by donor (AID) raise important ethical issues concerning the obligations of physicians and the well-being of the children who would be conceived. Specific objections to AID for single women can be raised, including that the absence of a father may adversely affect the child or that a lesbian mother may influence the child to become homosexual. A review of the relevant social science research indicates, however, that these and other objections are not supported by the available data. In support of AID for single women it can be argued that the life of the child who would be produced could be expected to have value, considered in itself. Consideration of the various aspects of the issue suggests that AID for single women is permissible in selected cases and that the physician has a right to refuse to carry out such requests.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Aging and aldosterone.

We measured urinary and plasma aldosterone in normal subjects, aged 20 to 59 years, during a period of unrestricted sodium intake and after sodium depletion, using furosemide or a 20 meq sodium diet. Before and after sodium depletion, the mean and the upper limit of the range of urinary aldosterone excretion were considerably lower in subjects over 50 years compared with subjects under 30 years. Aging had no effect on plasma aldosterone concentration when the subjects were on an unrestricted sodium diet and blood was sampled while they were recumbent. In contrast, when the subjects were upright, both before and after sodium depletion, the mean and the upper limit of the range of plasma aldosterone concentration were lower in the subjects over 50 years compared with those under 30 years. The metabolic clearance of aldosterone was the same in the younger and the older subjects. Of eight patients over 40 years of age with aldosterone-producing adenoma, four had normal aldosterone excretion rates when the normal range was not age adjusted, but with age adjustment, all of the patients had clearly elevated excretion rates. Similarly, six of seven patients over 40 years of age had normal upright plasma aldosterone concentrations if the normal range of plasma aldosterone concentration was not age adjusted. We conclude that aldosterone secretion declines with advancing age. The effect of age on aldosterone secretion is an important consideration when evaluating older hypertensive patients for primary aldosteronism.

Adenoma↗