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Biomedical subjects

C Soto

Publications and source records attributed to C Soto.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Evolutive epidemiologic profile of myelodysplastic syndromes (1959-1993). Comparative study with acute myeloid leukemia and aplastic pancytopenias].

PURPOSE: To compare the maximum epidemiologic data attained from myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) with those of two main panmyelopathies, namely acute myeloblastic leukaemia (AML) and aplastic pancytopenia (AP). PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis was carried out on 21,135 patients included in the Bone Marrow Study Registry of the Jiménez Díaz Foundation along 35 years (1959-1993). The data were grouped into seven five-year periods. Of these, in the first three the study was performed on bone-marrow aspirates; after 1976 the histopathological study of bone-marrow biopsies was introduced, and since 1979 the karyotype has been regularly examined. The MDS were classified in accordance with the FAB system. With these premises borne in mind, the following aspects were considered: diagnostic interpretation of MDS along the years; diagnostic incidence of MDS, AML and AP in each of the five-year periods; relative frequency of those diagnosis with respect to the total number of cases; evolutive profile of sex and age at diagnosis; quantitative significance of secondary MDS-AL and toxic AP along the years; MDS subtypes and their epidemiologic characteristics. RESULTS: A total of 510 MDS, 610 AML and 223 AP cases were identified. With respect to the sex of the MDS patients, some changes have been seen along the years, from an M/F ratio of 1.9 to 1.0; and the mean age at diagnosis raised from 53.3 years (with only 1.7% of the cases over 65 years of age) to 71.4 years (with 76.9% of the cases over 65 years of age), all this within the 1959-1989 period. The incidence of AML and AP has remained stable for the last 20 years; on the contrary, MDS have been increasing continuously along the 35 years of the study, which poses for a higher number of new cases in every period (from 35 to 119) and also for a higher relative frequency in the registry (from 1.37% to 4.40%) within the period 1959-1989. Valuable toxic history was progressively increasing in secondary MDS-AML and progressively decreasing in AP. With respect to the FAB subtypes of MDS, and taking into account the last of the five-year periods, the most frequently diagnosed were RA and RSA followed by RAEB, CMML and RAEB-T. CONCLUSIONS: The increment of the incidence of MDS cases correlates significantly with the increment of the patients aged over 65 years. This incidence appears to be scarcely influenced by previous mutagenic agents (radiotherapy, chemotherapy) and might be due to a better understanding of MDS.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1994

Pancreatic lipid peroxidation in alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus.

The time-course of pancreatic lipid peroxidation and reduced glutathione, and blood glucose were studied in adult male CD-1 mice after each of three sequential injections of alloxan, administered at intervals of 48 h. Twenty four hours after alloxan administration an increment of blood glucose and pancreatic lipoperoxidation was observed. Lipoperoxidation partially recovered, while blood glucose was increased after the third administration to a value of 150 mg/100 ml. Pancreas reduced glutathione content remained without any significant change throughout the experiment. These results suggest that the establishment of alloxan-induced diabetes is preceded by an increment in pancreatic lipid peroxidation that could be associated with permanent damage to pancreatic tissue.

Alloxan↗
PubMed1994

[Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in 5 members of a family].

Five cases of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) appearing on five members of two generations of a family, with autosomal dominant pattern, are presented. The clinico-biologic behaviour of 2 patients (studied and treated by the authors) plus the available data from the 3 others (diagnosed and treated at other hospitals) allowed us to discard any possibility of hereditary non-immunologic thrombocytopenia. The predisposition of ITP patients and their relatives to present clinico-biological features of autoimmune diseases is commented as a possible explanation for the rare forms of familial ITP.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Erythrocyte alterations correlate with CCl4 and biliary obstruction-induced liver damage in the rat.

Erythrocyte and hepatocyte plasma membranes derived from CCl4-cirrhotic and bile duct ligated rats were studied. Six groups of animals were used: Group 1 received CCl4 for 8 weeks. Animals in group 2 received CCl4 for 12 weeks. Group 3 consisted in animals that received CCl4 for 8 weeks and then only vehicle for 4 weeks more. Group 4 was the control which received only vehicle. In group 5, obstructive jaundice was induced by bile duct ligation (BDL); animals in group 6 were operated without ligation of the bile duct (sham operated). The activity of Na+/K+ and Ca2+ dependent ATPases, as well as the cholesterol/phospholipid ratio (CH/PL) were determined in both, erythrocyte and hepatocyte plasma membranes. In the CCl4 groups, Na+/K+ and Ca(2+)-ATPases activity was decreased about 60-70% while the CH/PL ratio was increased significatively in both, erythrocyte and hepatocyte plasma membranes. Discontinuation of CCl4 treatment reverted the enzymatic and lipidic alterations to normal in both cell types. ATPases activity and CH/PL ratio in erythrocyte resembled to those of hepatocytes in BDL rats. A strong correlation (p < 0.005) was found when erythrocyte ATPases activity and CH/PL ratio were compared with those of hepatocytes. Moreover, histopathological analysis of liver sections correlated well with both, erythrocyte and hepatocyte biochemical findings. We concluded that determination of ATPases activity and CH/PL ratio in erythrocyte membranes could be a simple, safe and useful marker of cell liver damage in CCl4-induced liver cirrhosis and biliary obstruction in the rat.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Capnocytophaga spp. bacteremia in compromised patients].

BACKGROUND: To analyze the clinical characteristics of three patients with Capnocytophaga spp. bacteremia. METHODS: We have review the clinical charts of three patients with Capnocytophaga spp. bacteremia, two patients with acute leukemia and one epileptic patient with chronic alcoholism. RESULTS: All the patients had oral cavity troubles and were treated with different antimicrobial agents. The three patients recovered, one of them requiring changing of the antimicrobial therapy in one of them. CONCLUSIONS: We should be aware of the importance of Capnocytophaga spp. especially in immunosuppressed patients or in other patients with poor dental hygiene and fever.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Inhibition of the transepithelial potential difference and short circuit current in the isolated frog skin by alloxan.

1. Electrical parameters: short circuit current (SCC), transepithelial potential difference (PD) and electrical resistance (R) were measured in isolated frog skin (Rana pipiens) in the presence and in the absence of alloxan. 2. Alloxan decreased SCC and PD in a concentration-dependent pattern, while R remained unchanged. 3. The effect on SCC and PD was observed after 25 min of exposure to the drug. Maximal average effect was 20% in SCC and 17.5% in PD. 4. These results suggest that alloxan decreased epithelial sodium transport, through interference with the activity of the Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase.

Alloxan↗
PubMed1992

Molecular biology of the amyloid of Alzheimer's disease. An overview.

Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects a significant percentage of elderly individuals. Degenerative nerve cells express atypical proteins, and amyloid is deposited. The hallmark event of Alzheimer's disease is the deposition of amyloid as insoluble fibrous masses in extracellular neuritic plaques and around the walls of cerebral blood vessels. This review will focus on the advances on the knowledge of Alzheimer's amyloid, because it is becoming increasingly clear that the deposition of amyloid on neuritic plaques in the brain represents the earliest and most characteristic pathological feature of Alzheimer's disease. The main component of amyloid is a 4.2-4.5 KDa hydrophobic peptide, named amyloid beta-peptide, that is codified in chromosome 21 as part of a much larger precursor protein. The study of the mechanism by which the amyloid beta-peptide arises from the amyloid precursor protein is very important in order to understand the biological basis of amyloid deposition and its role in Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer Disease↗
PubMed1991

[A case of total intestinal aganglionosis. 2 years of survival].

A two-year-old male is presented. Small bowel aganglionosis was proved to extend to 3 cm below ligament of Treitz. Gastrostomy and ileostomy was done. He received his caloric intake by cyclic home parenteral nutrition trough implantable venous system. At eighteen months of age, intestinal transplantation was refused and reoperation was done. The child underwent Ziegler's miotomymiectomy on 60 cm of aganglionic jejunum. Now at twenty seven months of age he receives cyclic parenteral nutrition, and enteral feedings are being increased slowly. The weight/height was at 91 per 100 standard, intestinal motility appears much better on contrast study and he is developmentally a normal child.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1990

Neurofibroma in a patient with von Recklinghausen's disease seen as a malignant schwannoma. A case report.

A rapidly growing, malignant schwannoma occurred in a 46-year-old woman with neurofibromatosis. Computed tomography, isotope bone scan, chest roentgenogram, and angiogram are helpful in determining the local extent and distant spread of such musculoskeletal tumors and are useful in planning appropriate surgical management. A well-planned biopsy, however, is essential to accurately determine the histologic diagnosis of the tumor. Clinical and roentgenographic presentation of some benign lesions may mimic malignant tumors. To confirm the diagnosis of a malignant or benign tumor, it is advisable to examine the musculoskeletal tumor histologically before proceeding with the definitive treatment, even if the clinical presentation strongly suggests malignancy.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1986

[Lipid composition of the placenta of rats with protein restriction and deficiency of essential fatty acids].

The influence of diet restriction and EFA deficiency during pregnancy in the rat on the lipid and phospholipids composition of the placenta was investigated. Female virgin albino Wistar rats weighing 130 +/- 4 g, were assigned to three equivalent groups. Prior mating and during pregnancy each group of rats received the following regimen: Animals in the Control Group (C) were fed a 25% casein diet in ad libitum quantities; the dietary Restricted Group (D) received the same control diet in amounts calculated to approximate 50% (g/100 g rat) of the intake of group C; the Deficient and Restricted Group (DD) rats were fed a restricted amount of EFA deficient diet. On the 21st day of gestation pregnant animals were sacrificed. The foetuses and placentae obtained by caesarium section were isolated and weighed. A 50% food restriction before and during pregnancy resulted in a significant decrease in phospholipid contents (p less than 0.05); severe EFA deficiency superimposed to 50% food restriction, moreover induced significant changes in the fatty acid pattern of phospholipids, decreasing n3 and n6 fatty acids and increasing eicosatrienoic acid. There was an accumulation of triglycerides in the placenta of rats fed on the EFA deficient diet. In the two restricted groups fetal weight was reduced, but although in the DD group, placental weight was not affected, litter size was dramatically reduced.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Identification of phosphatidate nonlamellar phases on liposomes by flow cytometry.

This study is the first report that demonstrates nonlamellar arrangements, or lipidic particles, of phosphatidate inserted in the lipid bilayer of liposomes using polyclonal antibodies from mice and flow cytometry. Sera immunoreactivity was analyzed using liposomes that displayed smooth bilayers of phosphatidate particles, as shown by electron microscopy. This cytofluorimetric analysis showed that immune mice sera have a specific immunoreactivity with the phosphatide particles formed by Mn2+, which also cross-reacted with those formed by Ca2+ and with cardiolipin particles formed by Mn2+. In addition, these immune sera hardly reacted with smooth bilayered liposomes, independently of the lipid composition studied. Thus, this new methodology can be applied to demonstrate nonlamellar molecular arrangements in biological membranes.

Animals↗