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Biomedical subjects

C Scully

Publications and source records attributed to C Scully.

At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Serum levels of antibodies against Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in various forms of human periodontitis.

Serum levels of IgG, IgA, and IgM antibodies against extracts from Bacteroides gingivalis PER8, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans Y4, and Bacteroides fragilis NCTC 9343 were determined in three categories of periodontitis patients by means of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The test groups comprised 10 patients with juvenile periodontitis (JP), 18 young patients with severe periodontitis (YP), and 31 patients with adult periodontitis (AP). Nine subjects with healthy periodontium (HP) served as a reference group. Increased frequencies of patients with significantly elevated IgG and IgA antibody values against B. gingivalis and A. actinomycetemcomitans were found in the three periodontitis groups as compared with the HP group. The AP group, however, showed lower IgM values than the other groups. The results support the contention that A. actinomycetemcomitans may play a contributory role in adult periodontitis and that B. gingivalis is a suspected periopathogenic bacterium in juvenile periodontitis. The clinical YP classification was not supported by the present serologic findings.

Actinobacillus↗
PubMed1989

The management of intransigent desquamative gingivitis with Dapsone.

Fifteen patients suffering from intransigent desquamative gingivitis due to lichen planus or benign mucous membrane pemphigoid were treated with dapsone (diphenylsulphapyridine) over a 3-month period. Twelve patients completed the trial. Therapeutic benefit was estimated clinically with the aid of 35mm color transparencies taken at 4-week intervals; and subjectively by the patients estimating their progress as worse, no change, some improvement or complete recovery. Taken as a whole, some 58% of patients had some benefit from therapy. Of the 7 patients with lichen planus, 1 showed complete recovery and 3 showed some improvement. In the 5 patients with desquamative gingivitis due to mucous membrane pemphigoid, 3 showed some improvement and 2 received no benefit. Three patients withdrew from the trial due to side effects of the dapsone such as headaches and nausea. It is concluded that dapsone therapy may be of some use in the management of desquamative gingivitis when traditional treatments have failed. Patients should be warned of the possibility of side effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

The relationship between epithelial Ia expression and the inflammatory cell infiltrate during experimental oral carcinogenesis.

The development of oral epithelial expression of Ia antigens and its relationship to the presence of IL-2r+ (CD25+) cells was investigated in rats treated with the water soluble carcinogen 4-nitroquinoline-N-oxide (4NQO). Acetone fixed frozen sections of the palate and tongue were stained using an indirect immunoperoxidase technique and monoclonal antibodies to rat Ia (I-A & I-E) and IL-2 receptor. After 4 weeks 4NQO treatment all rats expressed oral epithelial Ia but thereafter (2-9 months) expression was present in only 20-40% of animals. Epithelial expression of Ia by histologically normal, dysplastic and neoplastic epithelium was always associated with the presence of an underlying inflammatory cell infiltrate containing CD25+ cells. Overall there were significantly more CD25+ cells in tissue specimens containing Ia+ epithelium compared with Ia- epithelium. Furthermore, during the first 4 weeks of carcinogen treatment, a significant positive correlation was found between the CD25+ cell density and occurrence of focal epithelial Ia expression. These results, together with analysis of the T cell, NK cell, macrophage and B cell content of the infiltrates induced by 4NQO, suggest that the CD25+ cells represent activated T cells. Thus, our results in this experimental model are consistent with the idea that epithelial expression of Ia is the result of production of IFN-gamma by locally activated T cells.

4-Nitroquinoline-1-oxide↗
PubMed1988

The inter-relationship between anchorage independence and tumorigenicity in early cultures of oral keratinocytes.

This study examines the expression of anchorage independence and tumorigenicity in early cultures of oral rat keratinocytes. The epithelial cell lines originated from the palatal and the lingual mucosa of rats that had been painted with the carcinogen 4-nitroquinoline N-oxide. The colony forming efficiency (CFE) in gel culture of the cell lines derived from five squamous cell carcinomas of the tongue and palate predominantly increased with passage in culture. Carcinoma-derived cell lines that had a relatively high CFE (greater than 2.5%) formed tumours when transplanted to athymic mice, but cells in which the CFE was less than 2.5% were non-tumorigenic. Keratinocytes from a dysplastic palatal lesion were immortal, anchorage dependent and non-tumorigenic. A lingual papilloma cell line consistently expressed a very low CFE but was tumorigenic at the higher culture passages. The results show that the routine passage of cells in culture leads to the emergence of the anchorage independent and tumorigenic phenotypes in keratinocytes of malignant origin and, further, suggest that anchorage independence and tumorigenicity may exist as distinct phenotypes, with anchorage independence preceding tumorigenicity.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Assault: characteristics of victims attending an inner-city hospital.

To characterize victims of assault attending a district general hospital, 294 consecutive patients were interviewed and examined. The group included 249 men (median age 23 years, range 13-62 years) and 45 women (median age 23 years, range 15-46 years). The 15-30 years age group, single males, and the unemployed were over-represented (P = less than 0.001). Fewer than expected were professionals or aged 10-15 years or over 50 years. The ethnic background was not significantly different from the Bristol population. Facial injury was extremely common; 89 per cent of fractures, 70 per cent of wounds and 56 per cent of haematomas affected the face. Only 32 per cent of patients were assaulted within their home ward (13 per cent at home) and most assaults took place in the city centre on Fridays and Saturdays, between 11 p.m. and 1 a.m. and in or near public houses and clubs or in the street. Only 29 per cent of assaults were claimed to be unprovoked. Alcohol intake immediately preceding injury was reported by 73 per cent of victims (range 1-34 units) and blood ethanol levels corresponded with this intake. Victims reported police involvement in 54 per cent of cases, but police lists of 'woundings' included only 23 per cent of patients assaulted in central Bristol. Admission of victims was 17 per cent.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Mucous membrane pemphigoid: an elusive diagnosis?

Vesiculobullous diseases, including mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP), are uncommon. This study was a retrospective examination of the clinical findings, histopathologic findings, and lesional immunostaining with respect to 76 consecutive patients referred to the Department of Oral Medicine, Surgery and Pathology, Bristol Dental Hospital and School, between 1982 and 1985 with a potential diagnosis of MMP. Of these, 42 patients were assigned alternative clinical diagnoses, 71% of which were confirmed by immunostaining and histology. Thus, MMP was clinically diagnosed in 34 patients (28 women and 6 men, with an average age of 59 years). However, unequivocal histologic confirmation of this diagnosis was obtained for only 4 patients, and direct immunostaining confirmation was obtained for just 7 patients. On the basis of a combination of the clinical, histopathologic, and direct immunofluorescence examinations, in only 3 of the 34 patients (8%) was an unequivocal diagnosis of classic MMP possible.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Hematologic status in recurrent aphthous stomatitis compared with other oral disease.

The hematologic status of 144 consecutive patients in the United Kingdom with oral disease (69 with recurrent aphthous stomatitis; 75 with other disorders) was examined in an attempt to resolve the controversy as to whether levels of hemoglobin, blood cell numbers and indices, and blood film are adequate in the screening of patients with aphthae. Though hemoglobin levels and red blood cell indices were normal in patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis, there was still a small minority of patients with deficiencies of iron (low serum ferritin), folate (low red blood cell levels), or vitamin B12 (low serum levels) that would have remained undetected. Full hematologic screening of patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis thus reveals latent deficiency states, at least in some parts of the world, and there are good reasons for elucidating the underlying cause and correcting these deficiencies, particularly vitamin B12 deficiency. Therapeutic studies are now required to establish the frequency with which deficiencies actually predispose to recurrent aphthous stomatitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Viruses and salivary gland disease: are there associations?

Viruses can cause sialadenitis and may be associated with other diseases of salivary glands, particularly immunologically mediated and neoplastic lesions. The evidence that such an association with Sjögren's syndrome is causal is reviewed here and shown to be fairly tenuous at present.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Papillomaviruses: the current status in relation to oral disease.

Human papillomaviruses of different types are associated with a variety of benign oral lesions and may be associated with some premalignant and malignant oral lesions. However, since it is now clear that a variant of human papillomavirus 16 is harbored by normal oral mucosa, as well as by premalignant and malignant lesions, such associations may not necessarily always be causal. The rapid progress of recent research in this field is reviewed, with particular reference to oral disease, and the current status is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia: family study and review.

Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia is reviewed, and the orofacial features of the condition are illustrated by details of an affected family and in particular a male patient who is now 63 years old. The nature of the disease from its insidious onset in the second and third decades to involve not only the mucous membranes but all cutaneous and visceral structures is noted, together with medical complications. Aspects of general and dental management are summarized.

Adult↗