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Biomedical subjects

C Salzman

Publications and source records attributed to C Salzman.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Use of benzodiazepines to control disruptive behavior in inpatients.

The author reviews prior evidence and presents data from his prospective study comparing intramuscular lorazepam with intramuscular haloperidol for control of extreme, agitated psychotic behavior; the data demonstrate that lorazepam is effective and has fewer side effects than haloperidol. The effective intramuscular dose is 1 to 2 mg in conjunction with ongoing neuroleptic antipsychotic treatment. Lorazepam does not prevent future disruptive behavior, and data do not support its use as an agent for maintenance therapy.

Aggression↗
PubMed1987

Treatment of the elderly agitated patient.

Research studies and general literature support the careful use of neuroleptics for control of agitation-related symptoms in the elderly if the symptoms are severe enough to disrupt normal functioning. No one neuroleptic has been found to be more effective than others; medication choice should therefore be based on differential toxicity rather than differential therapeutic efficacy. The differences in frequency and intensity of neuroleptic side effects are discussed, and the use of nonneuroleptic agents, including beta blockers, in the treatment of agitation is considered.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1987

Value of the ring-enhancing sign in differentiating intracerebral hematomas and brain abscesses.

Computerized tomography (CT) is a sensitive method for detecting intracerebral pathology. Ring enhancement on contrast CT scan is a classic finding for intracerebral abscesses. Two cases are described in which clinical and physical findings were not suggestive of brain abscess; however, CT scan disclosed ring-enhancing lesions. Both patients were found to have vascular abnormalities without evidence of infection. The diagnostic dilemmas and specificity of ring enhancement on contrast CT scan are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

No wet packs.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Cryotherapy↗
PubMed1985

Geriatric psychopharmacology.

Psychotropic drugs are often used to treat elderly patients suffering from disturbances of behavior, mood, memory, and sleep. Because of increased sensitivity of the aging brain to psychotropic drugs, altered pharmacokinetics, and increased likelihood of polypharmacy as people grow older, specific guidelines for the use of psychotropic drugs should be observed. These guidelines are discussed in the following article.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Clinical guidelines for the use of antidepressant drugs in geriatric patients.

This paper reviews the diagnosis and treatment of geriatric patients. Careful distinction between true depression and dysphoria or normal sadness and thoughts of death among elderly patients must be made. The dexamethasone suppression test is useful in such a distinction in older patients, although its usefulness in younger adults is less certain. The aging process alters the pharmacokinetics of cyclic antidepressants. In particular, metabolism is delayed so that accumulation in the blood stream occurs, leading to prolonged elimination half-life. Side effect patterns of the cyclic antidepressants suggest that secondary amines are less toxic as a group than tertiary amines, and thus may be preferred as the treatments of first choice. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors are underutilized in the treatment of depressed older patients and should be considered, particularly when the depression includes symptoms of apathy and anergia. Special attention must be paid to the depressed elderly patient with cardiovascular disease or hypertension. Suggestions for treatment are provided.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1984

Electroconvulsive therapy in Massachusetts.

A study of the use of electroconvulsive therapy in Massachusetts shows that between 1974 and 1980 ECT use decreased significantly in both public- and private-sector hospitals. This decline was particularly pronounced in public-sector hospitals. The average age of ECT-treated patients rose during the period; women received ECT more often than men; and bilateral ECT remained in more frequent use. Though ECT was most frequently prescribed for major depression, about 20% of those receiving it were diagnosed as having a dysthymic disorder. State regulation and advances in psychiatric treatment may partially explain the decrease in ECT use.

Age Factors↗