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Biomedical subjects

C Salmon

Publications and source records attributed to C Salmon.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Disappearance of CD4-lymphocyte circadian cycles in HIV-infected patients: early event during asymptomatic infection.

Circadian variations have been observed in peripheral blood lymphocyte counts in normal subjects; they usually reflect variations in absolute CD4-cell count. For this population, nadir occurs around 0800 h (basal value) and the peak value occurs at midnight (1.6 times the 0800-h value). This cycle is thought to be of major importance in the efficacy of the immune response because it expresses the migration of lymphocytes into lymphoid organs.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1988

Cellular localization of blood group antigens (including HLA markers) in human bladder urothelium.

Expression of A, B, H, Lewis, I, i, HLA class I and class II antigens was studied on 81 urinary bladder samples. Striking variation in the expression of HLA class II and to a lesser extent of HLA class I determinants was observed. Expression of at least five distinct A (or B) determinants, the synthesis of which is controlled by H, A, B, secretor and Lewis genes, was demonstrated by using a panel of reagents directed against different A, B and H epitopes. These results suggest that evaluation of blood group changes during tumoral processes requires the precise determination of the specificity of reagents used and the knowledge of ABO, Lewis and secretor phenotypes for each patient. ABH and related antigens should now be regarded as tissue antigens with a complex genetic regulation and expression.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Disappearance of CD4 lymphocyte circadian cycles after autologous bone marrow transplantation.

Circadian variations are observed in CD4 lymphocyte count in healthy people. Samples taken of the basal value occurring around 08.00 hr and peak value at midnight made it possible to define the range of cyclic variations. Movement of lymphocytes seems important in accounting for the observed circadian variations. CD4 circadian cycle amplitudes were investigated in 12 patients with autologous bone marrow transplantation. Cycle abnormalities were observed in 7 patients. Two of them had a normal CD4 lymphocyte count. It was therefore possible for functional abnormalities in CD4 lymphocytes to be detected in patients with a normal CD4 count. Because of these results, we are of the opinion that the evaluation of CD4 lymphocyte cycle might be a more sensitive test than the absolute CD4 count itself.

Bone Marrow Transplantation↗
PubMed1988

Biochemical identification and characterization of the G antigen in the human blood group Rh.

The human blood group Rh comprises erythrocyte membrane antigens which include the G antigen. In order to carry out this study, the G antigen was specifically immunofixed with a human monoclonal anti-Rh(G) antibody. After extraction and purification of the antigenic complex, a migration in SDS-PAGE showed the G antigen to be associated with a polypeptide of 28,000 MW.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1988

Determination of the N-terminal sequence of human red cell Rh(D) polypeptide and demonstration that the Rh(D), (c), and (E) antigens are carried by distinct polypeptide chains.

Human monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) directed against the blood group Rh(D), (c), and (E) antigens produced by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines have been used to characterize the Rh components of human red cell membranes and to determine whether the Rh(D), (c), and (E) epitopes are carried by distinct polypeptides. After immunoprecipitation with the anti-Rh(D) antibody and preparative gel electrophoresis, a homogenous preparation of the Rh(D) protein was obtained from two different erythrocyte samples (Blo and D--/D--), which have an increased density of Rh(D) antigen. Both preparations exhibited the same N-terminal sequence (S)-(S)-K-Y-P-R-S-V-R-R-(L)-L-P-L-X-A, indicating that different Rh(D)-positive red cells are carrying a similar Rh(D) protein. Comparative immunoprecipitation studies with the human monoclonal anti-Rh(D), (c), and (E) antibodies have also shown that Rh components from intact and papain-treated erythrocytes have similar apparent mol wt of 30 to 32 Kd and are buried in the lipid bilayer and are not readily available to the proteolytic enzyme. Further investigations by indirect affinity chromatography and one-dimensional peptide mapping of the Rh(D), (c), and (E) molecules immunopurified from a single red cell sample demonstrate that a common Rh haplotype encodes three distinct polypeptide chains carrying the Rh(D), (c), and (E) epitopes, respectively.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1988

Management of alloimmune thrombocytopenia: antenatal diagnosis and in utero transfusion of maternal platelets.

Neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (NAIT) can cause severe bleeding in the central nervous system (CNS) and death or severe neurologic sequelae. The expression of the PLA1 antigen is detectable as early as 19 weeks of gestation. Alloimmunization can therefore lead to fetal thrombocytopenia very early in pregnancy. Until recently, we have had no means of detecting and assessing the severity of fetal thrombocytopenia during pregnancy. The level of the maternal antibody is not of a predictable value since 20% of the mothers had no circulating antibodies in our series. An alternative approach is to carry out investigations on fetal blood samplings. This management leads to an exact knowledge of the fetal status and antenatal diagnosis is feasible as early as the 21st week of gestation. Early diagnosis facilitates appropriate management and makes possible such therapeutic options as in utero maternal platelet transfusions. We report our experience in the antenatal diagnosis and management of nine cases with in utero transfusion in the six cases with severe thrombocytopenia. All neonates did well, with no signs of bleeding at birth. No side effects of therapy were noted after a period ranging from 6 months to 3 years.

Antigens, Human Platelet↗
PubMed1987

Human monoclonal antibodies against blood group antigens. Preparation of a series of stable EBV immortalized B clones producing high levels of antibody of different isotypes and specificities.

The EBV immortalization technique was used to produce stable clones, from B lymphocytes, secreting human monoclonal antibodies to Rh(D), Rh(G), Rh(c), Rh(E), Kell, A and A1 blood group antigens. These clones were obtained from peripheral blood lymphocytes of hyperimmunized plasmapheresis donors or from spleen lymphocytes of immunized patients. Mean levels of antibody concentration varied between 4 and 50 micrograms/ml. The antibodies obtained were of IgG1, IgG2, IgM or IgA class. Most of the clones have been stable for growth and antibody production during long periods of continuous culture, extending upto 4 years. Hybridization of two clones was effected with the human lymphoblastoid cell line KR-4 and with the mouse myeloma X63-Ag8.653, but did not result in any marked improvement of clone characteristics. One of the anti-Rh(D)-producing EBV-transformed clones was used to produce an anti-Rh(D) typing reagent which has proved satisfactory for 2 years in routine blood typing in several laboratories.

ABO Blood-Group System↗