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Biomedical subjects

C Sadowsky

Publications and source records attributed to C Sadowsky.

36 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Class II, Division 1 vertical pattern.

The treatment of a skeletal Class II, Division 1 malocclusion in the early permanent dentition is described. The patient had a vertical facial pattern and lower arch crowding; four premolars were extracted. Although some anchorage was lost in the maxillary arch and the face developed in a predominantly vertical direction, the final result demonstrated a well-balanced and pleasing profile.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Timing of temporomandibular joint sounds in orthodontic patients.

The consistency of occurrence and also the timing of TMJ sounds during jaw opening and closing were studied by means of an audio-visual sound recording system in an attempt to address the possible causes of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) sounds. From a group of 347 orthodontic patients, 104 were found to have medium- or high-amplitude TMJ sounds during jaw opening or closing. Most patients (53%) had reciprocal clicking--that is, a single sound on opening and on closing; another 12% had multiple sounds on opening or closing; 22% had a single closing sound; and 13% had a single opening sound. Sounds occurred at all degrees of jaw opening throughout this sample, but in most patients opening sounds tended to be closer to maximum opening, whereas closing sounds tended to occur in the middle of the closing movement. No statistically significant association was found between the timing of the opening and closing sounds. In 42.3% of patients, the sound was inconsistent in its occurrence on successive opening and closing cycles. Twenty-three percent of patients reported pain, jaw locking, or limitation of movement, but these were not associated with the timing of the opening sound. The findings suggest that the reciprocal click, widely associated with anterior disc displacement with reduction, was relatively common, but that other explanations for the joint sounds should also be considered. Conversely, a large variation may exist in the timing and the occurrence of sounds in patients with anterior disc displacement in the absence of pain and limitation of movement.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Changes in tooth contacts following orthodontic treatment.

Occlusal contacts in maximum intercuspation were examined in 38 patients at the end of the active phase of orthodontic treatment and again 3 months into the retention phase to assess the initial posttreatment occlusal changes. The sample consisted of 23 patients with conventional retainers and 15 patients with gnathological rubber tooth positioners. Polyether rubber impression bites were used to record occlusal contacts. The locations of the contacts were then transferred to study models. In the combined sample (N = 38), the total number of contacts increased 14% over the 3-month period. This was due entirely to an increase in the number of contacts on posterior teeth (premolars and molars). Those cases with fewer teeth in contact at the end of treatment developed more teeth in contact over the 3-month period. Although the group retained with positioners demonstrated a greater gain in the total number of teeth in contact over time when compared with the group with conventional retainers, the additional gain was minimal.

Dental Occlusion↗
PubMed1985

Periodontal complication during orthodontic therapy. A case report.

Occasionally periodontal complications arise during adult orthodontic therapy, although conditions may also occur in adolescent patients. This case report describes the periodontal condition that developed during orthodontic treatment of an adolescent girl. Eleven months after the start of treatment, an unusual hyperplastic soft-tissue lesion developed that did not respond to conservative treatment. The case history, orthodontic treatment, periodontal treatment, histopathology, and follow-up are described. Suggestions for prevention and early diagnosis of similar problems are reviewed since particular periodontal infections may progress subclinically.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Temporomandibular joint sounds related to orthodontic therapy.

A cross-sectional survey for temporomandibular joint (TMJ) sounds was conducted on 347 orthodontic patients before, during, and after treatment. Those patients who reported joint sounds, or in whom sounds were noted on clinical examination, were subjected to an audiovisual evaluation which was recorded on videotape to identify more precisely the character of the sounds during jaw opening and closing. TMJ sounds were quite common before, during, and after orthodontic treatment. There was a significant association among three variables: joint sounds, age, and treatment. It is not clear, however, whether joint sounds increased due to orthodontic treatment, age, or both. No significant associations were found between TMJ sounds and functional occlusal factors. Significantly more sounds were noted by the examiners than were reported by the patients. Medium or high amplitude sounds were evident in 32.6% of the 135 subjects who underwent the audiovisual examination.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Tooth morphology and lower incisor alignment many years after orthodontic therapy.

The dental models of seventy-seven orthodontically treated patients were evaluated to determine the contribution of lower incisor tooth dimensions to their alignment many years after treatment. Tooth dimensions included the maximum mesiodistal (MD) and faciolingual (FL) dimensions and the shape ratio represented by MD/FL. Incisor alignment was assessed by means of Little's irregularity index, and all measurements were recorded to the nearest 0.1 mm with modified dial calipers. Multiple regression analysis revealed that the total contribution of all these lower incisor dimensions accounted for only 7.4% of the variability in their alignment, which was not statistically significant. A similar lack of association between lower incisor tooth dimensions and their alignment was found in a sample of eighty-six adults with untreated malocclusions. It therefore appears that the size and shape of the lower incisors do not significantly contribute to their alignment many years after orthodontic treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Temporomandibular disorders and functional occlusion after orthodontic treatment: results of two long-term studies.

The prevalence of temporomandibular (TM) disorders and the status of the functional occlusion in former orthodontic patients many years after treatment were evaluated in two independent clinical studies. In each study, the former orthodontic patients were compared to similar groups of adults with untreated Class I and Class II malocclusions. Both studies reported similar findings with regard to TM disorders; there was no statistically significant difference (p greater than 0.05) between the orthodontic and control groups in either study. The illinois study found a high prevalence of nonfunctional (balancing) contacts in both groups, while the Eastman study found a somewhat lower prevalence. Differences for most of the occlusal parameters between the orthodontic and control groups were not statistically significant in either study. The findings for these two studies are similar and suggest that orthodontic treatment performed during adolescence does not generally increase or decrease the risk of developing TM disorders in later life.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Deciduous tooth dimensions in cleft lip and palate.

The deciduous teeth of 40 subjects with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate (CUCLP) and 42 noncleft controls were measured. The mesiodistal and faciolingual dimensions of several maxillary teeth in the vicinity of the cleft were smaller than their corresponding antimeres. No such differences were apparent in the mandibular arch. In the control sample there were no differences in either maxillary or mandibular arches. The CUCLP group generally demonstrated significantly smaller dimensions for both mesiodistal and faciolingual dimensions for both maxillary and mandibular arches when compared to the control group. These findings lend possible support to the hypothesis that tissue deficiency may be a factor in cleft lip and palate development.

Cleft Lip↗
PubMed1983

Long-term stability of dental relationships after orthodontic treatment.

Adult changes in selected occlusal parameters are measured, with the study sample limited to 72 subjects with a history of malocclusion treated orthodontically 12 to 35 years previously. Variations were large. Most of the corrections were retained, with mean changes tending toward pretreatment values.

Dental Arch↗
PubMed1982

Long-term assessment of orthodontic relapse.

The long-term stability of orthodontic treatment was evaluated in a group of ninety-six former patients who were treated between 12 and 35 years previously. Dental relationships were recorded on study models taken prior to orthodontic treatment, at the end of active treatment, and at long-term follow-up. A malocclusion score was developed for this study, and the over-all static occlusal relationships were categorized by defining an ideal range for eleven variables. Ninety of the ninety-six cases were within the ideal range at the end of treatment. Most of the cases showed an improvement of their malocclusions in the long-term stage. However, of the ninety-six subjects, sixty-nine (72 percent) had at least one variable outside our ideal range in the long-term follow-up. A moderately increased overjet and overbite was responsible in most instances for the result being outside the ideal range in the long term. The long-term result as compared to the original malocclusion exhibited increased overbite in 16 percent of the cases, increased mandibular anterior crowding in 9 percent of the cases, and increased overjet in 5 percent of the cases. The range of ideal, considering only the variables used in this study, will to some extent vary with the eye of the beholder. Therefore, the results of this study need to be interpreted accordingly. It is suggested that orthodontists be well aware of long-term changes in dental relationships many years after treatment and take this into account when advising patients as to the potential benefits of orthodontic treatment.

Dental Occlusion↗
PubMed1981

Long-term effects of orthodontic treatment on periodontal health.

The periodontal health of a group of ninety-six patients who had received comprehensive fixed-appliance orthodontic treatment during adolescence between 12 and 35 years previously was evaluated. Comparisons were made with a group of 103 adults who were similar with regard to race, sex, age, socioeconomic status, dental awareness, and oral hygiene status but had malocclusions that had not been orthodontically treated. There were no statistically significant differences in the general prevalence of periodontal disease between the two groups. However, more detailed analysis revealed that the orthodontic group had a greater prevalence of mild to moderate periodontal disease in the maxillary posterior and mandibular anterior regions of the mouth, as compared to the control group. The results suggested that orthodontic treatment in adolescence is not a major factor in determining the long-term periodontal health status. No significant amount of either damage or benefit to the periodontal structures could be directly attributed to orthodontic therapy. Conversely, the lack of orthodontic therapy in adolescence does not appear to influence subsequent development or nondevelopment of periodontal disease in adults.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Agenesis of the corpus callosum with hypothermia.

A patient with episodic hypothermia and agenesis of the corpus callosum had no direct evidence of hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction. However, it is speculated on the basis of a recent clinicopathologic case study that selective hypothalamic involvement is the cause of the hypothermia. Electroencephalograms and treatment with antiseizure medication did not support an epileptic genesis for the episodic hypothermia. Double, simultaneous, tachistoscopic stimulation studies revealed an asymmetry of response that can be explained by either a functional disconnection of the cerebral hemispheres or bilateral independent and asymmetrical representation of speech mechanisms.

Adult↗