Biomedical subjects
C S Rogers
Publications and source records attributed to C S Rogers.
Atrial septation in the chick and rat: a review.
Septum primum of the chick and rat heart develops as a solid, crescentic fold on the inner atrial wall. In the chick this septum forms during days 3 and 4 of incubation. The same septum begins development during day 12 in the rat. In both species the septum grows rapidly toward the two endocardial cushions, decreasing the size of foramen primum in the process. A second foramen, foramen secundum, develops in the septum primum to maintain an interatrial shunt. Multiple foramina form in the middle and dorsal portions of the chick septum primum. These foramina continue to form until the middle of the second week of incubation. Prominent rounded cells are abundant on the chick septum in the region of foramina formation. These cells are no longer demonstrable when new foramina cease to be formed. At the time of hatching the cords of tissue separating foramina have thickened and fewer foramina exist. By day 2 after hatching the septum is an imperforate partition. The septum is seen to protrude into the left atrium, even after hatching. Foramen secundum forms very rapidly in the rat. Scanning electron microscopy indicates that it develops initially as multiple perforations which quickly coalesce into one aperture in the middle and ventral portions. The rat has a septum secundum which develops just to the right of septum primum. The valves of the sinus venosus project into the right atrium of the rat heart. Nodules are prominent features of the right valve early during the third week of gestation.
The other breast: indications for biopsy and/or mastectomy.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Feeding behaviors, food attitudes, and body fatness in infants.
One hundred and thirty-four infants were studied at 3 and 9 months of age to determine possible behavioral causes of fatness. A feeding behaviors interview and a semantic differential to measure mothers' attitudes toward food were developed. A stepwise multiple regression procedure revealed that none of the independent variables significantly predicted the dependent variable of infant triceps skinfold thickness at the age of 9 months. Even so, care should be exercised in instructing caregivers concerning specific feeding behaviors to use with infants.
Absorption of two tyrosine containing tri-peptides from the small intestine and rectum of the rat [proceedings].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Absorption of two tyrosine containing dipeptides from the small intestine and rectum of the rat [proceedings].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Can residents be trained to counsel patients about quitting smoking? Results from a randomized trial.
STUDY OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of two teaching interventions to increase residents' performance of smoking cessation counseling. DESIGN: Randomized controlled factorial trial. SETTING: Eleven residency programs, in internal medicine (six), family medicine (three), and pediatrics (two). Programs were located in three university medical centers and four university-affiliated community hospitals. PARTICIPANTS: 261 residents who saw ambulatory care patients at least one half-day per week, and 937 returning patients aged 17 to 75 years who reported having smoked five or more cigarettes in the preceding seven days. Of the 937, 843 were eligible for follow-up, and 659 (78%) were interviewed by phone at six months. INTERVENTIONS: Two interventions (tutorial and prompt) and four groups. The tutorial was a two-hour educational program in minimal-contact smoking cessation counseling for residents. The prompt was a chart-based reminder to assist physician counseling. One group of residents received the tutorial; one, the prompt; and one, both. A fourth group received no intervention. MEASUREMENT AND RESULTS: Six months after the intervention, physician self-reports showed that residents in the tutorial + prompt and tutorial-only groups had used more counseling techniques (1.5-1.9) than had prompt-only or control residents (0.9). Residents in all three intervention groups advised more patients to quit smoking (76-79%) than did control group residents (69%). The tutorial had more effect on counseling practices than did the prompt. Physician confidence, perceived preparedness, and perceived success followed similar patterns. Exit interviews with 937 patients corroborated physician self-reports of counseling practices. Six months later, self-reported and biochemically verified patient quitting rates for residents in the three intervention groups (self-reported: 5.3-8.2%; biochemically verified: 3.4-5.7%) were higher than those for residents in the control group (self-reported: 5.2%; biochemically verified: 1.7%), though the differences were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: A simple and feasible educational intervention can increase residents' smoking cessation counseling.
Clinical usage of the leukocyte count in emergency room decision making.
Leukocyte (WBC) and differential counts are commonly used, but their clinical characteristics are poorly understood. To understand how the clinician interprets the WBC count in the presence of these uncertainties, the authors used a case vignette with a questionnaire to isolate physician reaction to an abnormal WBC count as compared with a normal control WBC count. In response to a case vignette of a urinary tract infection in the emergency room, physicians altered their diagnostic and therapeutic plans based solely on the WBC count. The results of the study also suggest that the cost of the WBC is not limited to the test cost, but also includes the cost of the physician reaction to the abnormal WBC count.
Psychosocial challenges for children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
This article describes the particular relevance of Erik Erikson's psychosocial stages of development for children with insulin-dependent diabetes. The developmental issues for young children centering on trust, autonomy, initiative, and industry have special significance for children with diabetes. Although the issues faced in each of Erikson's psychosocial stages are present in every stage, behaviors are manifested differently at each stage. Practical suggestions are provided for families and healthcare providers living with or working with children of various ages who have diabetes.
Sleep patterns of breast-fed and nonbreast-fed infants.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Weaning from the breast: influences on maternal decisions.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.