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Biomedical subjects

C S Houston

Publications and source records attributed to C S Houston.

159 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1966

The XXXXY chromosome anomaly: report of three new cases and review of 30 cases from the literature.

The majority of abnormal sex chromosome complexes in the male have been considered to be variants of Klinefelter's syndrome but an exception should probably be made in the case of the XXXXY individual who has distinctive phenotypic features. Clinical, radiological and cytological data on three new cases of XXXXY syndrome are presented and 30 cases from the literature are reviewed. In many cases the published clinical and radiological data were supplemented and re-evaluated. Mental retardation, usually severe, was present in all cases. Typical facies was observed in many; clinodactyly of the fifth finger was seen in nearly all.Radiological examination revealed abnormalities in the elbows and wrists in all the 19 personally evaluated cases, and other skeletal anomalies were very frequent. Cryptorchism is very common and absence of Leydig's cells may differentiate the XXXXY chromosome anomaly from polysomic variants of Klinefelter's syndrome. The relationship of this syndrome to Klinefelter's syndrome and to Down's syndrome is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Operation Everest II: cardiac filling pressures during cycle exercise at sea level.

To examine the relationship between cardiac filling pressures during exercise in man and oxygen transport, we examined sea level data from Operation Everest II. The results showed that, (1) both right atrial and wedge pressures rose with heavy exercise in normal man, (2) the magnitude of the rise in these filling pressures related both to stroke volume and maximum exercise capacity, (3) wedge pressure was tightly coupled to right atrial pressure, with each mm Hg increase in right atrial pressure resulting in a 1.4 mm Hg increase in wedge pressure, and (4) very high wedge pressures occurred (in some subjects greater than 30 mm Hg), which contributed to an elevation of pulmonary arterial pressure. Thus direct measurements indicate right heart filling pressure increases with exertion in normal man, probably providing the necessary right heart output to fill the left heart. We speculated that the high cardiac filling pressures might be needed to maintain oxygen transport during heavy exercise, and that such pressures could contribute both to elevated pulmonary arterial pressure and to increased filtration of water into the lung.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mediastinal emphysema in mountain climbers: report of two cases and review.

Two cases of mediastinal emphysema occurring in healthy individuals climbing to the summit of Mount Rainier (4,393 m.) are described. In both, the condition was probably attributable to a voluntary, forced pressure breathing technique--a modified Valsalva maneuver. The various circumstances in which mediastinal emphysema may occur are discussed, along with its possible serious complication of cardiorespiratory compromise. The means of diagnosis are presented, emphasizing that cases in which the important finding of subcutaneous emphysema is absent may be those in which the danger is greatest. Therapeutic measures that occasionally may be necessary are outlined, though the condition is usually a benign one that subsides without specific treatment.

Adult↗