Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

C Russo

Publications and source records attributed to C Russo.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Chemotherapy of brain tumors.

For many years, chemotherapy has been utilized for the treatment of malignant brain tumors with minimal success. This particularly true with chemotherapy in adult malignant gliomas for which no new drug has been approved for use since the initial studies using nitrosoureas and procarbazine in the early 1960s. However, the results of more recent clinical trials research using newer agents appear to show improved outcome in some tumor types. Better understanding of the basic biology of these diverse tumors also have given rise to new treatment strategies, especially to drug development. A large number of new antineoplastic agents are now being tested in Phase I and II trials; they are very promising and soon may lead to new drug approvals. This review will discuss the results of completed trials for newly diagnosed and recurrent glioma in adults, as well as ongoing, new drug studies with these patients. A discussion of the more common pediatric brain tumors and the use of chemotherapy in that age group is also presented. Chemotherapy is often the primary treatment modality used to control tumor growth in newly diagnosed infants and young children, and it is in this setting that chemotherapy is particularly beneficial in reducing morbidity and increasing survival. As part of a multimodality approach that includes surgery and radiotherapy, chemotherapy has a significant role to play in the treatment of both adults and children with brain neoplasms.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Antioxidant properties of bile salt micelles evaluated with different chemiluminescent assays: a possible physiological role.

The antioxidant activity of a representative series of free, glycine- and taurine-conjugated bile acids was evaluated by two different chemiluminescent assays: (a) the enhanced chemiluminescence system based on horseradish peroxidase and luminol/oxidant/enhancer reagent, and (b) the hypoxanthine/xanthine oxidase/Fe(2+)-EDTA/luminol system. Bile acids were studied at final concentrations ranging from 1 to 28 mmol/L. All of the bile acids studied inhibited the steady-state chemiluminescent reaction and the extent of inhibition depended upon the structure of the bile acids, whereas the duration was related to bile acid concentration. The mechanism of the light inhibition is probably due to trapping of oxygen free radicals generated in the chemiluminescent reactions, within bile acid micelles. The free radicals trapped into micelles reduced the formation of luminol radicals and consequently the light output; when the micelles were saturated, the oxygen free radicals in solution again produced luminol radicals. The micelle interaction with reactive oxygen species could be a physiological mechanism of defence against the toxicity of those species in the intestinal content. On the other hand, alterations in bile acid organ distribution, concentration and composition leads to a membrane damage caused by their detergent-like properties, which could be associated to oxygen free radical production.

Antioxidants↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Relationships between serum uric acid and lipids in healthy subjects.

BACKGROUND: Raised serum uric acid (SUA) levels are associated with conditions at high risk for coronary heart disease. SUA levels can be partly modified by the diet, but little is known about the association of SUA with several dietary factors, particularly the quality of ingested lipids. METHODS: The associations between SUA levels and biological and dietary factors were investigated in a sample of 90 healthy subjects (45 males and 45 females; ages 55.6 +/- 18 years) living in Nove, a village near Vicenza (Veneto Region, northern Italy). A careful selection of subjects to exclude those with chronic or acute disease (influencing SUA directly or indirectly through their pharmacological treatments) was obtained with the collaboration of three general practitioners operating in Nove. RESULTS: SUA was higher among men than among women and higher among postmenopausal women than among women of child-bearing age (P < 0.01). Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis of the population as a whole showed that serum triglycerides and total RBC omega-6 PUFA were significant and independent predictors of a consistent proportion of serum uric acid variability (R = 0.59; R2 = 0.332; P < 0.001). Taking men and postmenopausal women together, the result was the same. CONCLUSIONS: Triglycerides and SUA are related even in the normal population and not only in "Syndrome X." Dietary enrichment with omega-6 PUFA might be useful for the negative modulation of SUA.

Adult↗