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Biomedical subjects

C Rosen

Publications and source records attributed to C Rosen.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

An evaluation of a program to prevent the sexual victimization of young children.

Young children (ages 4 and 5) and school-aged children (6 to 10) from a day-care center were randomly assigned to a sexual abuse prevention training group and a wait-list control group. Children in the prevention training group were exposed to a three-hour program teaching common sexual abuse prevention concepts (e.g., the difference between OK and not-OK touches). Children in both groups were given a structured interview before and after the prevention group received training. Results of a repeated measures multivariate analysis of variance indicate that children in the prevention training group significantly increased their knowledge of prevention concepts while children in the control group did not. Older children learned more than younger children. Both younger and older children had greater difficulty learning prevention concepts of an abstract nature than concepts of a specific nature.

Child↗
PubMed1985

Expression of the x-lor gene of human T-cell leukemia virus I in Escherichia coli.

The 3'-terminal regions of the human T-cell leukemia virus I (HTLV-I) and HTLV-II genomes encode a novel gene product. We showed that expression of this region fused to the beta-galactosidase gene in bacteria produces a protein recognized by adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma patient sera. Rabbit antibodies raised against this protein specifically precipitated the 42-kilodalton x-lor gene protein from HTLV-I-infected cells.

DNA, Recombinant↗
PubMed1984

Structure and function of human leukemia and AIDS viruses.

Gene expression directed by the long terminal repeats of human T-lymphotropic viruses is activated in trans by factors present in virus-infected cells. Trans-activation probably plays a major role in stimulating virus production and may also mediate some of the effects of viral infection on the host cell.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1984

Tetraethylene glycol diacrylate. A cause of delayed cutaneous irritant reaction and allergic contact dermatitis.

A woman who worked as a materials handler in a plant manufacturing acrylated chemicals developed allergic contact allergy to tetraethylene glycol diacrylate (TTEGDA). Four co-workers experienced skin irritation 12 to 36 hours after skin contact with TTEGDA but had no immediate reaction at the time of exposure. The chemical sensitized the albino guinea pig in the guinea pig maximization test. By varying parameters such as the administration of Freund's complete adjuvent, the intradermal concentration injected for induction, and the diluent used for the injections, it was possible to alter the apparent sensitization potential of TTEGDA.

Acrylates↗
PubMed1983

Effects of chair design, age and cognitive status on mobility.

To test the validity of published guidelines on the height of seating for the elderly, ambulant residents in three Social Services' Homes were asked to rise from their usual chairs and from a chair conforming to the guidelines. When both seat and arm height were at recommended levels, 77% of those who were usually chair-fast could rise unaided. More agile residents also benefited, as they could rise with less difficulty. Though mobility decreased with age, those who failed to benefit were distinguished by advanced brain failure rather than age. Some aspects of cost are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Automated red cell indices and marrow iron reserves in geriatric patients.

The marrow iron reserves, automated red cell indices, serum iron, and total iron binding capacity of 69 geriatric patients were recorded. A fall in the mean red cell volume (MCV) to between 71 and 82 fl failed to distinguish between iron deficiency and the 'anaemia of chronic disorders'. However, there was no reserve of marrow iron in the eight patients with an MCV of 70 fl or less.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

CSF thyrotropin-releasing hormone concentrations differ in patients with schizoaffective disorder from patients with schizophrenia or mood disorders.

OBJECTIVE: To determine if there were differences in CSF-TRH concentrations among several acute major psychiatric disorders and to investigate the effects of antipsychotic treatment on CSF-TRH levels. METHOD: CSF-TRH concentrations were measured in 62 psychiatric inpatients during an acute phase of illness after a drug-free period. CSF-TRH measurements were repeated in 14 of these patients after 4 weeks of antipsychotic treatment. RESULTS: Post-hoc tests (Tukey HSD) revealed significant differences among patients with schizoaffective disorder and both schizophrenia (P<0.03) and major depression (P<0.01). There were no significant differences between pre and posttreatment levels of CSF-TRH in the 14 patients treated with conventional agents for 4 weeks (1.54 pg/ml vs. 1.47 pg/ml). However, patients with a reduction in CSF-TRH concentration had a significantly better symptom response measured by the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) positive factor (61% in six subjects) vs. those who had an increase in posttreatment CSF-TRH (29% in eight subjects; t=2.2; d.f.=12; P<0.04). CONCLUSIONS: These results provide further evidence for a neuromodulatory role for TRH and suggest a re-examination of its behavioral effects and interactions with brain neurotransmitter systems relevant to major psychotic and mood disorders.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A second post-transcriptional trans-activator gene required for HTLV-III replication.

Evidence is provided for the existence of a seventh gene in the genome of human T-lymphotropic virus type III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus. The gene is necessary for replication and acts post-transcriptionally to relieve negative regulation of the messenger RNA for the virion capsid and envelope proteins. These observations suggest mechanisms for regulating both the latent and lytic phases of the virus life cycle.

Cell Line↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Role of the HTLV-III/LAV envelope in syncytium formation and cytopathicity.

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is characterized by marked depletion of the T4+ helper subset of T cells. The aetiological agent of the disease, the human T-lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III)/lymphadenopathy-associated virus (LAV), specifically kills T4+ cells in vitro. Part of this specificity for the T4+ population residues in the relative efficiency with which HTLV-III infects these cells, as a result of a specific interaction between the T4 molecule and the virus envelope glycoprotein. In addition, the cytotoxic consequences of HTLV-III replication are dependent on cell type, as certain lymphoid and myeloid cells can be productively infected without notable cytopathic effect. Here we investigate the basis for the specific cytotoxicity of the virus, and report that high-level expression of the HTLV-III envelope gene induces syncytia and concomitant cell death in T4+ cell lines but not in a B-lymphocyte line. Syncytium formation depends on the interaction of envelope-expressing cells with neighbouring cells bearing surface T4 molecules. These results explain, at least in part, the specific cytopathic effect of HTLV-III infections.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Palinopsia with bacterial brain abscess and Noonan syndrome.

Though positive visual symptoms can be psychological in nature, or can result from a perceptive or anxious patients recognizing optical principals in the eye itself, this case illustrates how a thorough history is required to delineate those rarer signs which accompany serious macular or neuro-ophthalmic pathology.

Adult↗