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Biomedical subjects

C Rodeck

Publications and source records attributed to C Rodeck.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Morphometry of the second trimester fetal brain. Comparison of ultrasonographic and post-mortem findings.

With the increasing use of ultrasound examination in the antenatal period the lack of morphological correlates has become a problem. This study was carried out in order to correct this deficiency. An antenatal real-time ultrasound scan of the fetal head was performed and measurements of the biparietal diameter, occipitofrontal diameter, head circumference and cerebral ventricle-to-hemisphere ratio were undertaken in 103 fetuses at 13-24 weeks gestation. After prostaglandin termination of pregnancy, the fetal brains were perfused in situ through the right carotid artery with 10% formal saline. Horizontal slices of the fetal head were cut, photographs were obtained and measurements of the same parameters as in the ultrasound examination were undertaken. There is a significant correlation (p less than 0.001) between the ultrasonographic and post-mortem measurements of all parameters. Also several anatomical structures of the fetal brain are now confidently identified in the antenatal ultrasound scan, using the anatomical preparations for comparison.

Brain↗
PubMed1986

Catheter shunts for fetal hydronephrosis and hydrocephalus. Report of the International Fetal Surgery Registry.

In the period 1982 to 1985, 73 placements of catheter shunts for fetal obstructive uropathy and 44 drainage procedures for obstructive hydrocephalus were reported to a voluntary international registry. The attempts to decompress the obstructed fetal urinary tracts resulted in the survival of 30 fetuses (41 percent), with a procedure-related death rate of 4.6 percent. Pulmonary hypoplasia was the major cause of death in both untreated and treated fetuses. Although the natural history of fetal obstructive uropathy has not been well studied, the outcome of intervention for selected fetuses with posterior urethral valve syndrome was encouraging. The results of shunt procedures for obstructive hydrocephalus were less encouraging. Although 34 of 44 fetuses (83 percent) survived, the procedure-related death rate was 10.25 percent, 18 of the 34 survivors (52.9 percent) have serious neurologic handicaps, 4 (11.8 percent) have less severe handicaps, and only 12 (35.3 percent) are developing normally. Analysis of data from this registry has guided the early development of fetal surgery, but it cannot establish the efficacy of the procedures because of selection bias. A controlled trial is needed.

Catheterization↗
PubMed1985

Fetal plasma carbonic anhydrase III in prenatal diagnosis of Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Carbonic anhydrase III (CAIII), a skeletal-muscle-specific enzyme which is elevated in the plasma of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) patients, was measured by radioimmunoassay in fetal plasma in order to evaluate its application to prenatal diagnosis of DMD. Using fetoscopy, pure fetal blood samples were taken at 17-24 weeks gestation from 25 fetuses at risk for DMD and from 78 control fetuses. Care was taken in the handling and storage of all samples. Normal sons were born in eight cases at risk for DMD. The CAIII levels in the infants were not significantly different from those of the control infants. Pregnancies were terminated in the remaining 17 at-risk cases. The CAIII levels in the fetuses were significantly different (p = 0.0034) from those of the control fetuses, although the distributions overlapped. Based on prior maternal risk, seven affected fetuses were expected in the terminated group; five had CAIII levels at or above the 95th centile of the control range. It is suggested that measurement of CAIII achieves partial discrimination between affected fetuses and their normal at-risk brethren.

Carbonic Anhydrases↗
PubMed1984

Effect of fetal diagnostic testing on birth-rate of thalassaemia major in Britain.

A programme of prospective heterozygote detection and counselling, fetal diagnostic testing, and abortion of fetuses affected by thalassaemia major introduced in Britain in 1977 has proved highly acceptable to at-risk couples of Cypriot and East African Asian origin, but less so to couples of Pakistani origin. However, many at-risk couples are still not detected prospectively, the proportion of thalassaemia-major births prevented was only 32% by the end of 1981, and there is little evidence of a further fall since then. The thalassaemia-major birth-rate had fallen by 60% in Cypriots and by 20% in East African Asians, but it had not fallen at all in Pakistanis. Improved approaches to fetal diagnosis of thalassaemia major are becoming available, so a concerted effort is needed to inform all the at-risk ethnic groups of the existence of the problem and the possibility of detection of affected fetuses.

Africa, Eastern↗
PubMed1984

Immunoreactive trypsin and the prenatal diagnosis of cystic fibrosis.

Immunoreactive trypsin (IRT) was measured by radioimmunoassay in a series of amniotic fluids obtained at between 15 and 19 weeks from pregnancies with a 1-in-4 risk of fetal cystic fibrosis. IRT concentrations were significantly depressed in nine affected pregnancies, but the degree of overlap with the normal range was too great for this to be useful in early prenatal diagnosis. Furthermore, in one fetus, presumed to have cystic fibrosis, the fetal plasma IRT concentration was within the normal range.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1984

The transfer of cephradine across the placenta.

The transfer of maternally administered cephradine (1 g given intravenously) to the fetal circulation and amniotic fluid was investigated in 2 pregnant patients undergoing fetoscopy. Cephradine was detected in fetal serum between 23 and 72 minutes after injection and was present in therapeutic concentrations. Fetal serum levels appeared to peak at approximately 40-50 min. Amniotic fluid levels were rising during the sampling period of 97 min. Cephradine is transferred across the placenta and appears to be a suitable antibiotic for use in selected obstetric patients when penetration of the fetal compartment is desirable.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1982

Fetal treatment 1982.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Congenital Abnormalities↗
PubMed1982

Antenatal diagnosis of haemoglobinopathies by Biorex chromatography of haemoglobin.

Biorex chromatograhpy of haemoglobin has been compared to the standard chromatographic separation of radioactive globin chains in 60 fetal blood samples obtained for the antenatal diagnosis of haemoglobinopathies. Biorex chromatography of haemoglobin permitted two measurements, the optical density at 418 nm and the radioactivity incorporated into fetal and adult haemoglobin. The two measurements were highly correlated (r2=0.96) and enabled a distinction between homozygous from heterozygous states of the diseases to be made, particularly in beta thalassaemia. A single column was used for 50 analyses. This fast and very sensitive method is proposed for the antenatal diagnosis of haemoglobinopathies using fetal blood.

Anemia, Sickle Cell↗