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C Rittner

Publications and source records attributed to C Rittner.

172 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
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Comparative studies on the detection of benzodiazepines in serum by means of immunoassays (FPIA).

Serum was tested for benzodiazepines by fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) on Abbott's ADx system using the benzodiazepine serum reagents (Benzo S) and the benzodiazepine urine reagents (Benzo U) after pretreatment of specimens by means of acetone precipitation. The following sera were included for comparing the two methods: negative sera spiked with various benzodiazepines; 80 sera randomly selected out of a total of 8654 serum specimens from impaired drivers; and blood specimens from individuals who stated that they had taken benzodiazepines. The different benzodiazepines were added to serum at concentrations of 25, 75, and 300 ng/mL. The low-dose benzodiazepines flunitrazepam and triazolam were additionally tested at serum concentrations of 10 ng/mL. Because of the better reproducibility and the shift of the dynamic range to lower concentrations, the Benzo S assay was found to be more sensitive than the Benzo U assay after acetone precipitation. The direct ADx benzodiazepine serum assay has clear advantages over the acetone precipitation method, especially with regard to therapeutic concentrations and for the detection of the highly potent and low-dose benzodiazepines flunitrazepam and triazolam.

Antibody Specificity↗
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C4 and HLA haplotypes associated with partial inhibition of anti-Rg and anti-Ch.

Rg and Ch typing was performed, by serum inhibition, on 145 families that had been typed for HLA/C4/BF/C2 with a view to assessing partial inhibition (p.i.) of anti-Rg/Ch and its haplotype associations. Rg p.i. was found predominantly with the C4A*3A*2,B*QO homoduplicated C4 haplotype and BFF. The original type of Ch p.i. (Nordhagen et al., 1980) was closely associated with the allotype C4B 2, which also occasionally exhibited complete inhibition (c.i.), but this Ch p.i. was also found with the C4A*1,B*QO haplotype (Rittner et al., 1984a). The second type of Ch p.i. (Giles, 1984) was closely associated with the C4B 1 allotype most frequently in the haplotype C4A*6,B*1 but also with C4A*3,B*1. Both types of Ch p.i. are usually found with BF S. The present data indicate that the determinants of Rg and Ch are not directly related to any particular C4 allotype or extended haplotype. Further examples of C4A 1 with Ch and C4B 5 without Ch determinants have been detected and theoretical considerations are discussed as to how they might have arisen from unequal crossovers in homologous regions that result in hybrid protein molecules.

Alleles↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Site of discovery in the bath tub. Evaluation of a fatality after four years using postmortem roentgen diagnosis].

On the one hand the following case demonstrates the problems of finding a dead body in the bathroom and on the other hand the importance of postmortem x-ray examinations. The corpse of an 65-year-old woman was discovered in her bath tub. At the body's feet there was a hair dryer. Investigations concerning murder were negative, circumstances appeared to be unsuspicious. That was why a postmortem examination was not performed. -4 years later murder had to be considered. After manual strangling the deceased and the hair dryer were layed into the bath tub. The corpse was exhumed and taken to a forensic autopsy. It was found that the hyoid bone and the superior horn of the thyroid cartilage were both fractured on the right. Damages caused by the preparation itself were excluded by using serial roentgenographs. These observations in combination with histological findings and the results of further investigations convincingly supported the suspicion of strangling by hand.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Use of polymerase chain reaction of the HLA-DQ alpha system in forensic trace analysis].

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) can be used for genetic typing of minute amounts of biological stains. This is achieved by in vitro amplification of a well-defined and genetically polymorphic human genomic DNA sequence. Using the HLA-DQ alpha system, a population study was carried out among 212 unrelated individuals of German origin. The usefulness of this system is discussed by presenting examples of its application in forensic casework, i.e. the analysis of mixed (male/female) body fluids as well as segregation studies on embryonic and paraffin-embedded tissue samples.

Alleles↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Viewing the criminal site in unusual cadaver evidence: concealment, identification, determining time of death and reconstruction].

The three cases presented here (Place of finding: bath tub.: [a] 19 year old, female, stabbed to death, detection six months pm, nearly airtight room--silicon rubber; [b] 56 year old, male, drowning, detection 1.5 months pm. [c] Place of finding: slope, 49 year old, female, polytrauma, detection 3 months pm) are characterized by incomplete mummification, skeletization and colliquation of soft-tissue. According to our experience medicolegal examiner's presence is necessary on the scene in order to secure in-situ-findings, to recover the human remains and to arrange a proper transport. The autopsy should be performed in the institute's autopsy-room because of access to better equipment e.g. light, air condition, x-ray, instruments. Under these conditions a high quality of forensic examination, improved training of students and police-officers and the dignity of the deceased can be maintained.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

LMP polymorphisms do not influence disease expression in psoriatic arthritis.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the potential role of the HLA-linked LMP2 (low molecular weight protein) and LMP7 gene polymorphisms in conjunction with HLA class I and class II genes on the disease pattern in individuals with psoriatic arthritis (PsA). METHODS: Sixty-three patients with PsA and 99 unrelated controls were typed for HLA-class I and II antigens. LMP2 and LMP7 polymorphisms were determined by PCR and subsequent single stranded conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis or restriction enzyme digestion. RESULTS: PsA was associated with B27 (p < 0.0004), B57 (p < 0.002) and Cw2 (p < 0.008). Spondylarthritis was strongly associated with HLA-B27 (p < 0.000001), Cw2 (p < 0.0003) and DR4 (p < 0.008). For the polyarthritic pattern the only association was with B57 (p < 0.007). There was no association between the LMP2 or LMP7 genotypes and any particular disease pattern. CONCLUSIONS: These findings do not support an involvement of the HLA linked LMP2 and LMP7 gene polymorphisms in disease expression in psoriatic arthritis in addition to the known HLA class I and II associations.

Adult↗