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Biomedical subjects

C Reilly

Publications and source records attributed to C Reilly.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Phorbol diacetate inhibits superoxide anion radical production and tumor promotion by mezerein.

The ability of the non-promoter phorbol diacetate (PDA) to modulate superoxide anion radical production by the complete tumor promoter phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) or the second stage promoter mezerein was assessed. Superoxide anion radical production was measured by the superoxide dismutase inhibitable reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) to a blue intracellular formazan precipitate. These studies demonstrated that superoxide anion radical production by murine peritoneal exudate cells (PEC) stimulated by i.p. injection with mezerein (100 ng) is inhibited in a dose-dependent manner by co-administration with PDA (1-1000 ng). There was no effect on the number of formazan-positive PEC when PDA was co-administered with PMA. In a two-stage tumor promotion bioassay in female SENCAR mice initiated with 25.6 micrograms dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) followed by first stage promotion with PMA (4X, 2 micrograms), co-administration of mezerein (2 micrograms) with 2 micrograms or 20 micrograms PDA reduced the number of papillomas after 14 weeks by 38% and 44%, respectively, compared with mezerein treatment alone. PDA (20 micrograms) when co-administered with mezerein (2 micrograms) does not inhibit mezerein induced hyperplasia in mouse skin. These results suggest a correlation between the ability of PDA to inhibit both superoxide anion radical production and tumor promotion by mezerein.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Geriatric nursing in acute settings.

In conclusion, it is important to reiterate the interdependent nature of the functional health patterns as they relate to the geriatric patient in the acute care setting. Further, the combination of the primary nursing model with the functional health pattern approach that leads to subsequent nursing diagnoses provides a comprehensive care approach, which is so important for the elderly patient. As elders live longer, become frailer, and are subject to increasingly frequent hospitalizations, it will become more and more important to provide care in a manner that decreases fragmentation, increases individualization, and makes provisions for comprehensive and wholistic continuing care.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1985

Thirteen cationic ionophores: their acute toxicity, neurobehavioral and membrane effects.

Thirteen cationic ionophores (12-Crown-4, 15-Crown-5, 18-Crown-6, Dibenzo 18-Crown-6, Dicyclohexano 18-Crown-6, 24-Crown-8, Dicyclohexano 24-Crown-8, Lasalocid, Hexacyclen trisulfate, Chiral binapthol, Valinomycin, Monensin, and A-23187) were evaluated for acute toxicologic properties, including lethality and neurobehavioral effects in multiple species (rats, rabbits, and mice) by multiple routes, skin and eye irritation and effects on membrane permeability to physiologic cations. Attention was focused on determining minimum neurobehavioral effect levels and characterizing the spectrum of these effects at different dose levels. While LD50's followed one pattern, this was not the case with other effects. Cluster and factor analysis suggest that, though the primary mechanism of action is alteration of membrane permeability to specifi-cations (qualitative types of activity correlate with the results of membrane permeability studies), which ions are provided an increased passage varies with ring size and charge dispersion. In the intact animal absorption markedly modifies these results.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Binding of 18F by cell membranes and cell walls of Streptococcus mutans.

The binding of 18F to isolated cell membranes and cell walls of Streptococcus mutans GS-5 or other bacteria was assayed. The attachment of 18F to these cell envelopes proceeded slowly and reached equilibrium within 60 min. 18F binding was stimulated by Ca2+ (1 mM). The binding of 18F to cellular components was dependent upon the pH, as well as the amount of 18F and dose of the binder employed. The binding of 18F by cell walls prepared from fluoride-sensitive and fluoride-resistant cells of S. salivarius and S. mutans did not differ significantly. The pretreatment of cell walls or cell membranes for 60 min at 30 degrees C with 1 mg of RNase, DNase, or trypsin per ml did not influence the binding of 18F by the walls and membranes of S. mutans GS-5. However, prior exposure of cell membranes to sodium dodecyl sulfate caused a significant reduction in the number of 18F atoms bound by the membranes. In saturated assay systems, cell membranes of S. mutans GS-5 bound 10(15) to 10(16) atoms of 18F per mg (dry weight), whereas cell walls from S. mutans GS-5, FA-1, and HS-6 or Actinomyces viscosus T14V and T14AV bound 10(12) to 10(13) atoms of 18F per mg (dry weight). 18F in this quantity (10(12) to 10(13) atoms) cannot be detected with the fluoride electrode. The data provide, for the first time, a demonstration of 18F binding by cell membranes and walls of oral flora.

Actinomyces↗
PubMed1979

Zinc, copper, iron and lead in scalp hair of students and non-student adults in Oxford.

Scalp hair samples contributed by 215 students and non-student adults in Oxford were washed, ashed and analysed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry for zinc, iron, copper and lead. The overall results were within the ranges reported from similar investigations carried out elsewhere and are what might be expected with normal, healthy subjects. However, examination of the results for different groups showed some significant differences between levels of the nutrient metals in student and non-student hair. Results for lead indicate a low level of environmental contamination for all subjects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Cancer and the consumption of home-produced alcoholic drinks in Zambia: a possible correlation.

Evidence has been obtained which suggests that a significant corrlation exists between the drinking of home-produced grain-based alcoholic beverages and the level of incidence of cancer of the oesophagus in parts of Zambia. A similar correlation has been reported from other parts of the continent of Africa. Large numbers of samples of Zambian beers and spirits were screened to discovered what might be the causative agent of the disease. Two major contaminants were found: (i) high levels of zinc, iron and sometimes of copper; (ii) nitrosamine-like compounds. The former results from the use of old metal drums during production of the drinks, but their carcinogenic effects are doubtful. The latter are highly potent carcinogens whose presence has been shown in a wide range of foodstuffs in recent years. At this stage it is impossible because of analytical problems to assert with absolute certainty which of the nitro-so compounds are present. The investigation is continuing and it is hoped that a reliable and relatively easy analytical procedure will soon be available.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Transdisciplinary approach: an atypical strategy for improving outcomes in rehabilitative and long-term acute care settings.

In the rehabilitation and long-term acute care settings, an atypical strategy has emerged in the past few years whereby the central focus is on improving patient care through a team approach in which responsibilities are shared and the normal boundaries of the healthcare professions blurred. This article provides a conceptual analysis of this unique, transdisciplinary approach to care delivery. Differentiation between interdisciplinary, multidisciplinary, and transdisciplinary techniques is provided through case scenarios. Defining attributes, necessary antecedents, and the many possible positive outcomes from the transdisciplinary approach to practice is discussed. This concept analysis defines for the rehabilitation or long-term acute care nurse a method that can be used to redesign care delivery, to promote improved patient outcomes, and to achieve a cohesive team environment.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗