The gastrointestinal manifestations of generalized scleroderma.
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Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
C R Snyder
Publications and source records attributed to C R Snyder.
Hopeful thinking in older adults: back to the future.
In a sample of 100 community-dwelling older adults (mean age of 76), higher hope related to greater life satisfaction and better perceived physical health, but hope did not relate to number of illnesses or functional disability. The high-relative to low-hope participants were more confident of reaching their goals, and felt that they were further along in their goal pursuits. The implications of these findings are discussed.
Adaptation, Psychological↗
Cerebrospinal fluid analysis in human immunodeficiency virus infection.
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analytes were evaluated in 59 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV+) individuals to assess neurological involvement. Glucose, total protein, cell counts, p24 antigen, CSF: serum albumin/IgG ratios, and oligoclonal bands were measured. Eighty percent of samples showed abnormalities in one or more analyte. In some patients samples, these abnormalities could mimic those of secondary opportunistic infection when none was present. The presence of oligoclonal banding in CSF (31 percent) and disturbances in CSF: serum albumin/IgG ratio (30 percent) were related to decreases in serum CD4+ lymphocytes. Disturbances in CSF: Serum albumin/IgG ratio were also related to severity of non-neurological HIV disease staging. Cerebrospinal fluid oligoclonal bands were distinct from that found in serum in the same subjects. Since immune complexes between immunoglobulins and enzymes are observed in these same patients, these oligoclonal bands may result in artifactually elevated enzyme results secondary to decreased clearance leading to erroneous clinical decisions. There was no significant relationship between any abnormalities and the presence of neurologic disease as established by a wide variety of other studies. It is important to recognize the limits of CSF interpretation in this patient group.
AIDS-Related Complex↗