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Biomedical subjects

C R Kessenich

Publications and source records attributed to C R Kessenich.

35 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
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The pathophysiology of osteoporotic vertebral fractures.

Osteoporosis is an increasingly prevalent chronic metabolic bone disease, characterized by low bone mass that subsequently leads to bone fractures. Vertebral fractures are the most common and the most debilitating of osteoporotic fractures. People with osteoporotic vertebral fractures present a unique challenge to rehabilitation nurses. A better understanding of the complex pathophysiological processes that contribute to this disability will help nurses provide more comprehensive care and education to this growing segment of the population. This article presents an overview of normal physiology and a discussion of the pathophysiological changes that occur in the skeletal, endocrine, and neurological systems throughout the development of osteoporotic vertebral fractures.

Aged↗
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Osteoporosis and African-American women.

African-American women are missing from the list of risk factors for osteoporosis although over 300,000 currently have osteoporosis. Possible bone structure differences such as greater peak bone mass, a slower rate of bone loss after menopause, and better quality of bone microarchitecture in African-American women have not been supported by research. Approaches such as calcium intake, hormone replacement therapy, and medications which prevent and treat osteoporosis need to be undertaken.

Black or African American↗
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Update on osteoporosis in elderly men.

Most nurses believe that osteoporosis is a problem of elderly women. Although the disease does occur primarily in women, aging men also are at risk. In fact, osteoporosis in elderly men typically causes greater morbidity and earlier mortality. Currently, no pharmacologic agents have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration to prevent or treat osteoporosis in this population. Several small clinical trials have been conducted in Europe, and several others are in progress in the United States. Geriatric nurses need to be aware of the risk of osteoporosis in elderly men and provide early counseling and prevention strategies.

Aged↗
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Hormonal decline in elderly men and male menopause.

Much has been written about female menopause, but hormonal decline in men indicative of a similar menopause is a relatively new concept. Hormonal decline in men is a gradual and often occult process. Many men do not experience noticeable symptoms, but those who do usually experience a decline in sexual desire and ability that may be attributed to aging. Some men may hide these symptoms. Hormonal replacements and herbal therapies may be helpful. Nurses must conduct careful histories and physical examinations to elicit disclosure of symptoms of hormonal decline in this population.

Aged↗
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Differential diagnosis of chest pain: a case report.

Chest pain in a common presenting complaint in many healthcare settings, including Gl settings. It may be caused by a variety of cardiac and noncardiac abnormalities. Nurses can play a critical role in the differential diagnosis of chest pain by obtaining a thorough history and conducting a directed physical examination. This article describes the differential diagnosis of chest pain through a case presentation.

Adult↗
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Teaching nursing students evidence-based nursing.

Nurse educators face many challenges in the current healthcare environment. Educational methods, philosophies, and the content of curricula need to be reexamined to meet the needs of professional nurses who will practice in the next millennium. Evidence-based nursing is one approach that may enable future healthcare providers to manage the explosion of new literature and technology and ultimately may result in improved patient outcomes. The authors provide an introduction to evidence-based nursing as well as a description of the process in two separate undergraduate nursing programs.

Curriculum↗
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Diagnosis and management of hypothyroidism in pregnancy.

Hypothyroidism is not a common occurrence in pregnancy, but it is important that nurse practitioners recognize it early. Complications of hypothyroidism in pregnancy are pregnancy-induced hypertension, preeclampsia, abruptio placentae, low birth weight and stillbirth, and fetal distress in labor. Careful monitoring of pregnant women for hypothyroidism and correction with levothyroxine therapy can prevent these complications. During pregnancy, the thyroxine needs of women with hypothyroidism are increased, and their dosage of levothyroxine should be individualized. Nurse practitioners can provide holistic care to the woman with hypothyroidism to ensure optimal maternal and fetal health.

Female↗
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HIV/AIDS and women.

Women are the fastest growing segment of people with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), yet they often receive this diagnosis when the disease is in its advanced stages. New therapies have caused human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) to become a chronic and treatable disease for many of those afflicted. Primary care providers must be cognizant of the initial symptoms to facilitate early diagnosis and prompt treatment for women with HIV. Early signs of HIV in women are subtle. Providers must consider a diagnosis of HIV in women who present with vaginal infections, abnormal pap smears, or sexually transmitted diseases that are unusually severe, recurrent, and resistant to treatment efforts. These signs and symptoms, along with a corroborating history, may be early clues to HIV. Primary care providers, in conjunction with HIV specialists, must strive to decrease the incidence, morbidity, and mortality of the disease in women.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
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Challenges and solutions.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Education, Nursing, Associate↗
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Vitamin D and bone status in elderly women.

Elderly women are the fastest growing segment of the population. Because of their increased longevity, they are more likely to develop chronic bone diseases such as osteoporosis. The maintenance of a proper balance of calcium, vitamin D, and parathyroid hormone (PTH) is essential to sustain healthy bones throughout life. Women in northern climates may be particularly susceptible to the development of osteoporosis due to their lack of exposure to sunlight, which ultimately leads to vitamin D deficiencies. A correlational study of 53 women in northern New England revealed that vitamin D insufficiency and decreased bone density was common in these elderly women during the fall and early winter months despite vitamin D supplementation.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
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Tai Chi as a method of fall prevention in the elderly.

Falls often lead to the fracture of bones in the elderly population. Fall incidence is increasing with the concomitant rise in the elderly population. Recently, some nontraditional methods of fall prevention have been explored. This article provides some background information about the ancient practice of Tai Chi as well as a brief review of the current literature exploring the effectiveness of Tai Chi in health promotion and fall prevention.

Accidental Falls↗