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Biomedical subjects

C R Hind

Publications and source records attributed to C R Hind.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Objective monitoring of disease activity in polyarteritis by measurement of serum C reactive protein concentration.

Serial measurements of the serum concentration of C reactive protein were made in 27 patients with polyarteritis over six years. The concentration was invariably raised when the disease was active, even in patients receiving immunosuppressive treatment, and fell rapidly in association with clinical remission induced by immunosuppression. During periods of complete remission, in the absence of any intercurrent condition, the value remained within the normal range. The correlation between C reactive protein concentration and disease activity was much closer than that between erythrocyte sedimentation rate and disease activity. These results indicate that serial measurement of the serum C reactive protein concentration fills the urgent need for an objective index of the activity of polyarteritis and its response to treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Binding specificity of serum amyloid P component for the pyruvate acetal of galactose.

Serum amyloid P component (SAP) is a normal plasma protein that is of interest because of its presence in amyloid deposits, its presence in normal human glomerular basement membrane, and its stable evolutionary conservation. It has calcium-dependent ligand-binding specificity for amyloid fibrils, fibronectin (Fn), C4-binding protein (C4bp), and agarose. Although the binding to agarose, a linear galactan hydrocolloid derived from some marine algae, is unlikely per se to be related to the physiological function of SAP, it does provide a model system in which to explore the precise ligand requirements of SAP. We report here that the amount of SAP from human, mouse, and plaice (Pleuronectes platessa L.) serum able to bind to agarose from different sources reflect precisely their pyruvate content. Methylation with diazomethane of the carboxyl groups in the pyruvate moiety of agarose completely abolishes SAP binding to agarose. The pyruvate in agarose exists as the 4,6-pyruvate acetal of beta-D-galactopyranose. We have therefore synthesized this galactoside, using a novel procedure, established its structure by analysis of its nuclear magnetic resonance spectra, and shown that it completely inhibits all known calcium-dependent binding reactions of SAP. The R isomer of the cyclic acetal, methyl 4,6-O-(1-carboxyethylidene)-beta-D-galactopyranoside (MO beta DG) was effective at millimolar concentration and was more potent than its noncyclic analogue, while pyruvate, D-galactose, and methyl beta-D-galactopyranoside were without effect. The autologous protein ligands of SAP presumably, therefore express a structural determinant(s) that stereochemically resembles MO beta DG. Availability of this specific, well-characterized, low molecular weight ligand for SAP should facilitate further investigation of the function of SAP and its role in physiological and pathophysiological processes.

Amyloid↗
PubMed1984

Objective monitoring of activity in Wegener's granulomatosis by measurement of serum C-reactive protein concentration.

Serial measurements of the serum concentration of C-reactive protein were made in 38 patients with Wegener's granulomatosis during a period of 6 years. The concentration was always elevated when the disease was active, even in patients receiving immunosuppressive treatment, and fell rapidly in association with clinical remission induced by immunosuppression. During periods of complete remission, in the absence of any intercurrent condition, the value remained within the normal range. The correlation between C-reactive protein level and disease activity was much closer than that between erythrocyte sedimentation rate and disease activity. These results indicate that serial measurement of the serum C-reactive protein fills the urgent need for an objective index of the activity of Wegener's granulomatosis and its response to therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Recurrence of circulating anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody three years after immunosuppressive treatment and plasma exchange.

A patient with auto-antibody mediated Goodpasture's syndrome was successfully treated with cytotoxic drugs, steroids and plasma exchange. After an absence of three years, circulating anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies reappeared, and linear IgG staining of the glomeruli was shown by immunofluorescent studies. Renal function did not change and there was no evidence of pulmonary hemorrhage. Antibody levels then fell spontaneously over the succeeding 18 months.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Prognosis after immunosuppression of patients with crescentic nephritis requiring dialysis.

48 patients with rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis were treated by a regimen of intensive plasma exchange, steroids, and cytotoxic drugs. All required dialysis before immunosuppressive treatment was started, and all had 50% or more of their glomeruli affected by crescent formation. Renal function was not recovered in any of the 21 patients with anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody disease. In contrast 63% of patients without these autoantibodies recovered renal function. Plasma creatinine remained stable over prolonged follow-up (6-60 months) in all but 1 of the 10 late survivors. There was no correlation between the extent of crescent formation and recovery of renal function in those patients without circulating anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Demonstration of amyloid A (AA) protein and amyloid P component (AP) in deposits of systemic amyloidosis associated with renal adenocarcinoma.

The fibril protein in three cases of systemic amyloidosis associated with renal adenocarcinoma was identified as amyloid A protein (AA) using immunohistochemical staining techniques. Amyloid P component was also present in all deposits. In one case unfixed snap frozen tissues were studied directly whilst in the other two, which were investigated retrospectively, fixed paraffin sections were stained by immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase methods after treatment with trypsin. Enzymatic digestion was necessary to restore reactivity with anti-AP but anti-AA reacted well without any such treatment. These findings establish that renal carcinoma, the carcinoma most frequently associated with systemic amyloidosis, causes the same type of secondary or reactive systemic amyloid as chronic infections and inflammatory disorders.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

Renal elimination of amiodarone and its desethyl metabolite.

Two patients in chronic renal failure receiving amiodarone for the treatment of refractory arrhythmias were commenced on dialysis, in one case, intermittent peritoneal dialysis, in the other, haemodialysis. Plasma concentrations of amiodarone and its desethyl metabolite were consistent with the dose received, whilst neither compound was recovered in the dialysate. In these patients and in 10 additional patients with normal renal function taking amiodarone, only negligible amounts of either compound were detected in urine. These findings suggest that amiodarone may be a suitable antiarrhythmic agent for use in patients with chronic renal failure.

Amiodarone↗
PubMed1982

Measurement of serum C-reactive protein concentration in myocardial ischaemia and infarction.

Serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and creatine kinase (CK) MB levels were measured prospectively in patients with definite myocardial infarction, patients with spontaneous or exercise-induced angina, subjects undergoing coronary arteriography, and patients with non-cardiac chest pain. All individuals with infarction developed raised CRP levels and there was a significant correlation between the peak CRP and CK MB values. The CRP, however, peaked around 50 hours after the onset of pain at a time when the CK MB, which peaked after about 15 hours, had already returned to normal. In 20 patients who recovered uneventfully, CRP levels fell, returning to normal about seven days after infarction in four cases who were followed to this point. In eight complicated cases, including four who died within the first 10 days, the CRP level remained high. Angina alone or coronary arteriography did not cause a rise in the CRP or CK MB concentrations. Increased CRP production is a non-specific response to tissue injury and raised CRP levels in cases of chest pain with a normal CK MB indicated a pathological process other than myocardial infarction. Regular monitoring of CRP levels may also assist in early recognition of intercurrent complications occurring after myocardial infarction.

Angina Pectoris↗
PubMed1982

Reactive arthritis.

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Antigen-Antibody Reactions↗
PubMed1981

Detection of pulmonary arteriovenous fistulae in patient with cirrhosis by contrast 2D echocardiography.

A case of multiple pulmonary arteriovenous fistulae associated with cirrhosis of the liver is described. The diagnosis was made by contrast two-dimensional echocardiography and confirmed by cardiac catheterisation and pulmonary angiography. As it is a sensitive and non-invasive technique, contrast two-dimensional echocardiography may be a useful screening test in cyanotic patients with liver disease in whom the presence of pulmonary fistulae is suspected.

Adolescent↗