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Biomedical subjects

C R Franks

Publications and source records attributed to C R Franks.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Neoplastic macrophages grown from human leukaemic monocytes.

Leucocyte suspensions from some cases of acute myelogenous leukaemia produced large numbers of macrophages when cultured in vitro. The macrophages increased steadily in number during the first 1-2 wk of culture. The increase was partly derived from division of the macrophages themselves, partly from augmentation from supernatant cells not adherent to the surface of the culture flask. This augmentation occurred mostly in the first 24 hr of culture. The leukaemic macrophages had many features of normal macrophages as regards light microscopy, surface receptors, phagocytic activity and cytochemistry. Under the electron microscope, however, they had many abnormal characteristics, all of which have been recorded previously as features of malignant transformation. Cultures containing the abnormal macrophages and their precursor cells caused local solid tumours when injected into immune-deprived mice. The tumours were composed of rather uniform cells many of which resembled neoplastic reticulum cells. It is concluded that human leukaemic monocytes or promonocytes can develop into macrophages with ultrastructural features of malignancy. This appears to be the first demonstration of the development of neoplastic macrophages. It is suggested that some lymph node tumours of man may be composed of similar neoplastic macrophages and their precursor cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Prognostic value of peripheral lymphocyte count in hormone therapy of advanced breast cancer.

Peripheral lymphocyte counts were performed on 41 patients with advanced breast cancer, before starting treatment with oestrogens or androgens. Patients were seen at monthly intervals, and the response to treatment was independently assessed, using the criteria of the British Breast Group. In the patients treated with oestrogens and androgens, the successful responders were found to have significantly higher pre-treatment peripheral lymphocyte counts than the intermediate responders and failures. It is suggested that pre-treatment peripheral lymphocyte counts may have a prognostic value in assessing potential response to hormone therapy in patients with breast cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

The effect of sex hormones on the growth of HeLa tumour nodules in male and female mice.

The effect of exogenous sex hormones on the cell mediated response in male and female mice has been studied by measuring the subcutaneous growth of HeLa tumour nodules and the variation in the total lymphocyte count. It was found that oestrogen treated male and female mice experienced a profound lymphopenia which was vary rapid in onset. Concurrent with the lymphopenia there was prolongation of HeLa tumour nodule growth in female mice, but not in males. A lymphopenia occurred in androgen treated male mice with subsequent prolongation of HeLa tumour nodule growth, and a lymphocytosis in female mice, with reduction of HeLa tumour nodule growth.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Optimal conditions for the growth of malignant human and animal cell populations in immunosuppressed mice.

Immunosuppressed mice have been used to support the growth of xenogeneic human and animal malignant cell populations. The optimal conditions for tumor growth are neonatal thymectomy coupled with antithymocyte serum or thymectomy, followed by whole-body irradiation and bone marrow reconstitution. When mice are inoculated with a mixture of normal and malignant cells, the malignant cells have a selective advantage. No such selectivity is found when the mixed populations are grown in vitro. Human tumors may also be grown in immunosuppressed mice. These tumors retain the organization of the original tumor in the human host. The advantages of this system to cancer researchers are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1973

Long-term survival of HeLa tumours in mice treated with antilymphocyte serum.

During studies of the ability of antilymphocyte serum (ALS) to suppress the immune mechanism of mice and thereby allow HeLa cells to grow into a large tumour in the mice, it was observed that many tumours continued to grow even after the ALS treatment had been stopped and full immunological competence of the mice had returned. The HeLa cells of such tumours appeared to be unchanged in their ability to induce further tumours in ALS treated mice to which they were transferred and, furthermore, the mice which were carrying such tumours in the presence of immunological competence were able to reject additional injections of HeLa cells or other human tumour cells. The four possible explanations for this phenomenon, (i) depression of cellular response; (ii) local reaction at the graft site; (iii) the presence of a blocking factor; and (iv) the elevation of the humoral response, have been investigated.

Animals↗