Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to C R Dawson.
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Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
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Type 2 (genital) herpes simplex virus (HSV-2) was isolated from three patients (two adults and an 11-year-old girl) with acute ocular infections. Two of these patients had acute blepharoconjunctivitis and one had acute keratoconjunctivitis. Genital herpes infections had preceded the eye infections in the two adults. This was not the case in the 11-year-old, but she had been in close contact with her sister who had apparently had the genital disease. The study strongly suggests transmission of HSV-2 from the genital site to the eye.
Herpes infection of the eye may be acquired as the patient's first exposure to the virus (primary infection) or as involvement of a new anatomical site (the eye) in a patient with previous HSV infection. In either case, patients with herpetic eye infection risk recurrent eye disease throughout their lives. The infective lesions of the corneal epithelium (dendritic and geographic ulcers) occasionally develop into noninfective indolent or trophic ulcers, particularly under the influence of cauterizing chemicals or corticosteroids. Inflammation of the corneal stroma may accompany herpetic epithelial lesions or occur independently. Stromal keratitis probably represents the host's immune response to viral antigens filtering down from epithelial lesions or from viral replication in stromal cells. The clinical manifestations of ocular HSV infection are reviewed, pathogenesis and possible pathways of the infection are analyzed, and some practical guidelines for management and prevention are presented.
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September 15, 1997 marked the golden anniversary of the Francis I. Proctor Foundation, which was established in affiliation with the University of California in San Francisco. Over 50 years, 182 fellows from 27 countries have been trained in programs focusing on the study of infectious and inflammatory eye disease, and the prevention of blindness worldwide. Many of the people and events that have contributed to the success of the Proctor Foundation are presented in this brief essay.
Treatment programs for prevention of blindness from trachoma in areas of endemicity are based on mass therapy, i.e., the topical application of antibiotic to the eyes of all persons in affected communities. When oral antibiotics are administered as a supplement to topical therapy, the healing rates among children with severe-intensity trachoma significantly improve. Moreover, the use of oral antibiotics (either tetracycline or doxycycline) in selected cases is a cost-effective strategy, particularly in communities where less than 20% of children have active trachoma. Systemic antibiotic treatment should be given only to children with severe- or moderate-intensity disease--those at significant risk of developing blindness. Children should be monitored carefully during systemic chemotherapy for adverse reactions.
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