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Biomedical subjects

C R Buchanan

Publications and source records attributed to C R Buchanan.

29 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Antigenicity and efficacy of authentic sequence recombinant human growth hormone (somatropin): first-year experience in the United Kingdom.

Twenty-one children were treated for GH deficiency with authentic sequence biosynthetic human GH (somatropin), 60 micrograms/kg body weight, subcutaneously, three times weekly for 1 year or longer. The magnitude of growth response and rise in serum insulin-like growth factor I levels were similar to those expected from experience with pituitary GH and somatrem. Three patients developed serum antibodies to GH with a binding capacity greater than 0.02 mg/l, but in only one patient was the GH binding capacity greater than 1.0 mg/l and he showed no attenuation of growth response. Escherichia coli polypeptide antibodies did not rise significantly and no clinically important side-effects occurred. Somatropin is safe, effective and of low immunogenicity in the treatment of GH deficiency.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

A monoclonal antibody to human insulin-like growth factor-I: characterization, use in radioimmunoassay and effect on the biological activities of the growth factor.

A monoclonal antibody (BPL-M23) to insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) was obtained following immunization of BALB/c mice with human IGF-I conjugated to ovalbumin. The affinity constant of BPL-M23 for IGF-I was 10.5 litres/nmol and the cross-reactivities of IGF-II, multiplication-stimulating activity III-2 and insulin were 0.8, 0.03 and less than 0.0001% respectively. Porcine, bovine, ovine and rabbit sera, but not rat or mouse sera, showed substantial reactivity with the antibody. Comparison of radioimmunoassay analyses of 54 human serum samples from normal subjects and acromegalic and GH-deficient patients using BPL-M23 and a polyclonal rabbit antiserum (R557A) to human IGF-I showed a high correlation, indicating the usefulness of the monoclonal antibody in radioimmunoassay. Monoclonal antibody BPL-M23 was capable of abolishing the sulphation, mitogenic and insulin-like activities of IGF-I in in-vitro bioassays, suggesting that these activities may rely upon the same receptor-binding site which is near to the antibody-binding site.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Chairside color verification for facial prostheses.

The coloring technique may be used for facial prosthetic materials that can be processed in gypsum molds. With different surface textures and varying thicknesses built into the technique, it is a reliable method for color verification of facial prosthesis before final processing.

Color↗
PubMed1988

Gonadotrophin, growth hormone and prolactin secretion in children with primary hypothyroidism.

We have studied eight children with primary hypothyroidism (6F, 2M) aged 6.7 to 14.2 years. The girls were prepubertal and the boys had early normal pubertal development. Overnight secretion of LH, FSH, TSH, PRL and GH, and ovarian ultrasound morphology were assessed before and up to 9 months after commencing thyroxine treatment. Serum FSH concentrations in all the girls were increased above LH levels and severe hypothyroidism was associated with reduced GH secretion. These abnormalities reversed with thyroxine treatment. The boys had less severe hypothyroidism and did not demonstrate abnormal gonadotropin or GH secretion. We conclude that primary hypothyroidism in childhood is associated with widespread disturbance of pituitary function, including increased FSH secretion often without signs of early sexual maturation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Double blind placebo controlled trial of low dose oxandrolone in the treatment of boys with constitutional delay of growth and puberty.

Nineteen boys, mean age 14.4 years (range 12.9-16.3), with constitutional delay of growth and puberty were randomised into two groups in a double blind fashion for a three month period. Ten boys received oxandrolone, 2.5 mg per day (mean dose 0.072 mg/kg/day), and nine boys were treated with placebo. Mean growth velocity increased from 4.5 cm/year in the oxandrolone treated group to 9.6 cm/year in three months, and this was sustained at 8.6 cm/year after cessation of treatment. In the placebo treated group, growth rate showed no alteration from 5.1 cm/year to 5.2 cm/year; boys in this group were then treated with oxandrolone, 2.5 mg a day (mean dose 0.073 mg/kg/day) for three months and growth velocity accelerated to 8.6 cm/year. Serum concentrations of insulin-like growth factor -1/somatomedin-C (IGF-1) increased during oxandrolone treatment and continued to rise after treatment had ceased. There was no change in serum IGF-1 concentration during treatment with placebo. Oxandrolone, when used in an appropriate regimen, is an effective, safe treatment for boys with constitutional delay of growth and puberty.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Growth hormone in short, slowly growing children and those with Turner's syndrome.

Results of an aborted placebo controlled trial of treatment with human pituitary growth hormone in children with Turner's syndrome and short, slowly growing children are reported. One child in each group had a considerable reduction in growth rate standard deviation score while taking growth hormone. The remaining eight patients with Turner's syndrome and 10 short, slowly growing patients who received growth hormone showed mean rises in growth rate of greater than two standard deviation scores. Neither placebo group showed a mean increase in growth rate standard deviation score. These differences were significant.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Infection and colonisation of neonates by Hansenula anomala.

Over a 13-month period 52 neonates (10% of those admitted to the Mersey Regional Neonatal Intensive Care Unit) were found to be colonised with the ascosporagenous yeast Hansenula anomala. 8 babies became infected, all but 1 of whom were heavily colonised before infection. 7 of the 8 infected babies were of very low birth-weight (less than 1500 g). All 8 had multiple problems associated with low birth-weight and prematurity and were kept in the intensive care unit. 5 babies had fungaemia, 2 had fungaemia and ventriculitis, and 1 had ventriculitis only. In each case H anomala was the sole pathogen isolated. Anti-Hansenula antibodies developed in 5 babies within 3 months of infection. Infected babies were successfully treated with a combination of 5-flucytosine and amphotericin B. Despite extensive searches the babies appeared to be the only reservoir of the yeast.

Amphotericin B↗