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Biomedical subjects

C R Bennett

Publications and source records attributed to C R Bennett.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Use of scopolamine for dental anesthesia and analgesia techniques.

A review of the English literature on the pharmacologic effects of scopolamine is presented and indications for the current use of the drug in dental anesthesia and analgesia are evaluated. The authors conclude that the role of scopolamine in the production of conscious sedation for outpatient dental surgery should be reevaluated in the light of contemporary findings.

Amnesia↗
PubMed1984

Conscious sedation: an alternative to general anesthesia.

Conscious sedation, a drug-induced state in which the conscious patient is rendered free of anxiety and apprehension, may be a suitable alternative to general anesthesia when coupled with the judicious application of local anesthesia. In this manner both aspects of pain - perception and reaction - may be effectively controlled.

Anesthesia, Dental↗
PubMed1984

Management of adverse drug reactions in conscious-sedation.

To thoroughly detail adverse reactions that may take place following the administration of agents used to modify behavior or to control fear and anxiety is beyond the scope of this presentation. Nevertheless, an attempt has been made to examine the mechanism of action, preventative measures, and management techniques for a few of the most common adverse reactions involving the more popular agents. Emphasis has been placed on the prevention of pharmacologic misadventures rather than on their management. The taking of an adequate pretreatment history and physical examination (including blood pressure determination) is invaluable in this respect. On occasion, however, despite all precautions and preventative measures, problems can arise. I have emphasized the mechanical, or nonpharmacologic approach, to the management of adverse reactions. Because untoward events occur so infrequently, the nonpharmalogic approach is the safest, most effective way for the clinician to cope with the majority of problems that can arise. The need for all practitioners to be competent in the management of the unconscious patient cannot be overemphasized. Production of unconsciousness is the most serious reaction with which the dentist is likely to be confronted on a routine basis. Mismanagement of this relatively benign state can, and on occasion does, result in deterioration to a catastrophic conclusion. It must also be emphasized that in the face of serious adversity the first few moments are usually the most critical in determining the final outcome. Although the summoning of assistance may be necessary and appropriate, one must not rely on the arrival of "emergency teams" to resolve the problem. If serious sequelae are to be avoided, proper management procedures must be instituted immediately and continued until medical assistance arrives and definitive care can be instituted. Thorough understanding of the pharmacology of all agents employed during the course of dental care is the key to the prevention and management of adverse drug reactions.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

The effectiveness of 1.5% etidocaine HCl with epinephrine 1:200,000 and 2% lidocaine HCl with epinephrine 1:100,000 in oral surgery: a clinical comparison.

A clinical comparison of 28 patients was done in a double-blind fashion to evaluate the effectiveness of 1.5 etidocaine with epinephrine 1:200,000 and 2% lidocaine with epinephrine 1:100,000 in oral surgery. The patients selected had no medical problems, but required the extraction of bilaterally impacted third molars. Each subject served as his or her own control with etidocaine being used to produce local anesthesia on one side of the face, and lidocaine on the opposite side. The results were evaluated to allow a comparison of the onset and quality of anesthesia; the duration of lip numbness and the onset of postoperative pain; and the incidence, type, and severity of adverse reactions. Both lidocaine and etidocaine were similar in onset and quality of anesthesia. No adverse reactions were observed with either agent. The two anesthetics differed mainly in their durations of action. Etidocaine proved 2.16 times longer acting than lidocaine with respect to recovery from lower lip numbness and 1.75 times longer acting than lidocaine with respect to the onset of postoperative pain. Therefore, the conclusion was reached that 1.5% etidocaine with epinephrine 1:200,000 is an effective local anesthetic for use in oral surgery because it has a rapid onset, provides profound anesthesia, and possesses a longer duration of action than 2% lidocaine with epinephrine 1:100,000. The final characteristic is of particular value as the onset of postoperative pain is significantly delayed.

Acetanilides↗
PubMed1982

Cardiorespiratory effects of meperidine, diazepam, and methohexital conscious sedation.

The effects of conscious sedation on the respiratory and cardiovascular systems of seven healthy volunteers were studied. With mean dosages of meperidine, 0.41 mg/kg, diazepam, 0.13 mg/kg, and methohexital titrated incrementally to effect, there were statistically significant changes in PaO2, PaCO2, and arterial blood pH, and no statistically significant change in cardiac output as determined by arterial blood gas analysis and impedance cardiac output monitoring. No clinically significant changes were observed in cardiorespiratory function, and all patients were conscious according to the definition proposed by the American Dental Society of Anesthesiology. The variation in PaO2 showed only marginal statistical significance. There was no clinical indication for supplemental oxygen.

Anesthesia, Intravenous↗
PubMed1981

Inadvertent brainstem anesthesia following extraoral trigeminal V2-V3 blocks.

Total brainstem anesthesia with respiratory arrest followed extraoral trigeminal V2-V3 diagnostic nerve blocks for trigeminal neuralgia using a combination of 0.25 percent Bupivacaine, Sarapin, and triamcinolone. While an untoward reaction to either the Sarapin or triamcinolone cannot be ruled out, the most probable cause for this problem was the inadvertent intrathecal injection of Bupivacaine since the reaction can be explained on the basis of a local anesthetic effect. No such effect has been attributed to either of the other components of the mixture. Proper monitoring and prompt attention permitted attenuation of this potentially life-threatening complication.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Back to anesthesia.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Anesthesia, Dental↗
PubMed1980

Full dentition periodontal surgery utilizing intravenous conscious-sedation. A report of 5200 cases.

A brief survey of the techniques of intravenous conscious-sedation for full dentition, all inclusive periodontal surgery is presented as used for 5200 patients. Diazepam, meperidine, and methohexital were employed in 3700 cases while diazepam plus methohexital was used in the remaining 1500 cases. Local infiltration and nerve block anesthesia were employed in all of the cases. Patients of wide age range having a physical status of I, II, or III underwent total periodontal surgery in one appointment. No major complications were noted. Patient and surgeon acceptance was excellent.

Anesthesia, Dental↗
PubMed1979

Assessment of allergy to local anesthetics.

Regional analgesia is much too important to be denied to patients on the basis of questionable allergic histories. Often, adverse reactions can be traced directly to the pharmacologic properties of the agents involved. The dentist must adequately distinguish these reactions from those directly related to allergic phenomena. For the comprehensive management of patients with allergic histories, the significance as well as the limitations of intracutaneous skin testing must be appreciated. The practitioner should recognize the need, make proper referrals, and interpret the results of skin tests appropriately. Hopefully, this report has served to disperse the confusion surrounding local anesthetic hypersensitivity and will enable more dentists to proceed with confidence in the assessment and management of their allergic patients.

Adolescent↗